透水道路径流系数试验研究
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摘要
透水道路是缓解城市道路积水问题的有效途径,但现有道路的排水设计方法对于透水道路并不完全适用,为解决上述问题,利用人工降雨装置和特别设计的透水道路试验平台和流量监测系统,通过人工模拟降雨试验,研究在不同降雨条件下透水道路径流系数的变化规律。试验研究结果表明:在地形条件不发生改变的情况下,透水道路径流系数在降雨过程中呈现单峰状动态变化,并且降雨历时与降雨重现期都会影响透水道路径流系数的最大值,并与之成正相关关系;在试验条件下,径流系数随降雨强度的变化存在一个敏感区间,在此区间内,径流系数随雨强变化的速率较快;当试验工况不变且降雨强度小于50 mm/h时,透水道路的径流系数平均值为0.023,说明该条件下的透水道路可控制降雨强度50 mm/h以下的降雨不产流,即在后续排水通畅条件下,所研究透水道路可以解决多数降雨事件的道路积水问题。试验为后续透水道路径流系数的研究打下了基础,也为透水道路的排水设计提供了一定的理论依据。
The permeable road is an effective way to alleviate the problem of water accumulation in urban roads, but the drainage design method of existing roads is not fully applicable to permeable roads. Using artificial rainfall device and specially designed permeable road test platform, according to the set flow monitoring system, the variation law of the flow coefficient of the permeable channel under different rainfall conditions was studied by artificial simulated rainfall experiment to solve the above problems.Experimental research results showed that:When the local shape conditions did not change, the runoff coefficient had a dynamic process with the change of rainfall intensity; Both rainfall duration and recurrence period were positively correlated with the peak value of runoff coefficient; There was a sensitive interval in the function of runoff coefficient and rainfall intensity, where, the runoff coefficient changed rapidly with the rain intensity;Under the condition of constant experimental conditions, when the rainfall intensity was less than 50 mm/h, the average value of the runoff coefficient of the permeable road was 0.023, indicating that the rainfall with rainfall intensity below 50 mm/h would not make the runoffon the permeable road under such conditions,that is to say under the condition of smooth drainage, the permeable roads can solve the problem of road water accumulation in most rainfall events.The test laid the foundation for the study of the flow coefficient of the permeable passage, and also provided a theoretical basis for the drainage design of the permeable road.
The permeable road is an effective way to alleviate the problem of water accumulation in urban roads, but the drainage design method of existing roads is not fully applicable to permeable roads. Using artificial rainfall device and specially designed permeable road test platform, according to the set flow monitoring system, the variation law of the flow coefficient of the permeable channel under different rainfall conditions was studied by artificial simulated rainfall experiment to solve the above problems.Experimental research results showed that:When the local shape conditions did not change, the runoff coefficient had a dynamic process with the change of rainfall intensity; Both rainfall duration and recurrence period were positively correlated with the peak value of runoff coefficient; There was a sensitive interval in the function of runoff coefficient and rainfall intensity, where, the runoff coefficient changed rapidly with the rain intensity;Under the condition of constant experimental conditions, when the rainfall intensity was less than 50 mm/h, the average value of the runoff coefficient of the permeable road was 0.023, indicating that the rainfall with rainfall intensity below 50 mm/h would not make the runoffon the permeable road under such conditions,that is to say under the condition of smooth drainage, the permeable roads can solve the problem of road water accumulation in most rainfall events.The test laid the foundation for the study of the flow coefficient of the permeable passage, and also provided a theoretical basis for the drainage design of the permeable road.
引文
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[17] 王坤.浙青路面和水泥混凝土路面在不同降雨情景下动态径流系数试验研究[D].马鞍山:安徽工业大学,2017.
[2] 蒋玮,沙爱民,肖晶晶,等.透水沥青路面的储水-渗透模型与效能[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(1):72- 77.
[3] PRATT C J,MANTLE J D G,SCHOFIELD P A.UK research into the performance of permeable pavement,reservoir structures in controlling stormwater discharge quantity and quality[J].Water Science & Technology,1995,32(1):63- 69.
[4] ABUSTAN I,HAMZAH M O,RASHID M A.Review of permeable pavement systems in Malaysia conditions[J].OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development,2012,4(2):27- 36.
[5] COLLINS K A,HUNT W F,HATHAWAY J M.Hydrologic comparison of four types of permeable pavement and standard asphalt in Eastern North Carolina[J].Journal of Hydrologic Engineering,2008,13(12):1146- 1157.
[6] 赵飞,陈建刚,张书函,等.透水铺装地面降雨产流模型研究[J].给水排水,2010,36(5):154- 159.
[7] 赵飞,张书函,陈建刚,等.透水铺装雨水入渗收集与径流削减技术研究[J].给水排水,2011(S1):254- 258.
[8] 夏远芬,万玉秋.居住小区道路雨水径流消减潜力分析[J].环境保护科学,2008,34(2):35- 37.
[9] 关彦斌.大孔隙沥青路面的透水机理及结构设计研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2008.
[10] 杨擎柱.透水路面与生物滞留组合系统对径流峰值控制效能的实验研究[D].北京:北京建筑大学,2018.
[11] ROSEEN R M,BALLESTERO T P,HOULE J J,et al.Water Quality and Hydrologic Performance of a Porous Asphalt Pavement as a Storm-Water Treatment Strategy in a Cold Climate[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2012,138(1):81- 89.
[12] 钱峰.透水沥青路面在市政道路中的应用[J].科技创新导报,2018,15(15):71- 73.
[13] 马石磊.市政道路透水沥青混凝土路面工程施工技术的应用与管理[J].建材与装饰,2018(39):281- 282.
[14] 唐宁远,车伍,潘国庆.城市雨洪控制利用的雨水径流系数分析[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(22):4- 8.
[15] 上海市津建设,交通委员会.室外排水设计规范:GB 50014—2006[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.
[16] 叶镇,刘鑫华,胡大明,等.区域综合径流系数的计算及其结果评价[J].中国市政工程,1994(4):43- 45.
[17] 王坤.浙青路面和水泥混凝土路面在不同降雨情景下动态径流系数试验研究[D].马鞍山:安徽工业大学,2017.
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