基于特征认知与价值评价的传统聚落活化路径探究——以古徽州为例
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摘要
传统聚落以其久远的历史和丰厚的文化底蕴,彰显了传统中华农耕文化的特质,具有重要的保护与传承价值。文章通过文献整理与实地调研,总结归纳古徽州传统聚落的总体特征与价值,对古徽州传统聚落进行多维度价值认知。基于特征认知和经典文献为依据,运用Delphi、AHP等方法构建古徽州传统聚落多维价值评价指标体系,选取建筑遗产价值、民俗文化价值、传统生产方式延续价值、人居环境价值四个维度架构指标体系框架。并在此基础上对地域内93个传统聚落展开多维度价值评价,继而进行类型划分。针对性提出传统聚落"因地制宜"的保护发展策略,探索不同类型传统聚落的活化路径。
Traditional settlements, with their long history and rich cultural heritage, demonstrate the characteristics of the traditional Chinese farming culture and have important protection and inheritance values. This article summarizes the overall characteristics and values of ancient Huizhou traditional settlements through literature review and field surveys. It recognizes the multidimensional values of ancient Huizhou traditional settlements and uses classical literature visualization, field surveys, Delphi, AHP, and other methods to construct ancient Huizhou traditional settlements. The multi-dimensional value evaluation index system selects the four dimensions of the architectural index system framework of architectural heritage value, folk culture value, traditional production mode continuation value, and human settlement environmental value. Based on this, multi-dimension value evaluation was conducted on 93 traditional settlements in the region, followed by type division.
Traditional settlements, with their long history and rich cultural heritage, demonstrate the characteristics of the traditional Chinese farming culture and have important protection and inheritance values. This article summarizes the overall characteristics and values of ancient Huizhou traditional settlements through literature review and field surveys. It recognizes the multidimensional values of ancient Huizhou traditional settlements and uses classical literature visualization, field surveys, Delphi, AHP, and other methods to construct ancient Huizhou traditional settlements. The multi-dimensional value evaluation index system selects the four dimensions of the architectural index system framework of architectural heritage value, folk culture value, traditional production mode continuation value, and human settlement environmental value. Based on this, multi-dimension value evaluation was conducted on 93 traditional settlements in the region, followed by type division.
引文
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[2]Coeterier J F. Lay people's evaluation of historic sites[J]. Landscape&Urban Planning, 2002, 59(2):111-123.
[3]Pasaogullari N, Doratli N. Measuring accessibility and utilization of public spaces in Famagusta[J]. Cities, 2004,21(3):225-232.
[4]Mazzanti M. Cultural heritage as multidimensional, multi-value and multiattribute economic good:Toward a new framework for economic analysis and valuation[J]. Journal of Socio-Economics,2002, 31(5):529-558.
[5]Freeman C. Development of a simplem ethod for site survey and assessment in urban areas[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 1999(44):1-11.
[6]Bedate A, Herrero L C, Sanz J A.Economic valuation of the cul-tural heritage:application to four case studies in Spain[J]. Journal of Cultural Heritage,2004(5):101-111.
[7]袁宁.黄纳,张龙,等.基于层次分析法的古村落旅游资源评价:以世界遗产地西递、宏村为例[J].资源开发与市场,2012, 28(2):179-181.
[8]杨锋梅.基于保护与利用视角的山西传统村落空间结构及价值评价研究[D].西安:西北大学,2014.
[9]赵志远,姚本伦,陈晓华,等.传统村落多维价值评价及遴选:以歙县35个传统村落为例[J].安徽建筑大学学报,2017,25(5):64-71
[10]宋刚,杨昌鸣.近现代建筑遗产价值评估体系再研究[J].建筑学报,2013(S2):198-201.
[11]吴晓庆,张京祥,罗震东.城市边缘区“非典型古村落”保护与复兴的困境及对策探讨:以南京市江宁区窦村古村为例[J].现代城市研究,2015(5):99-106.
[12] M. Claudia tom D, Timothy H J.Value of augmented reality at cultural heritage sites:A stakeholder approach[J].Journal of Destination Marketing&Management,2017,6(2):110-117.
[13] Veronica C H, Anja W, Fausto C, etc. A value-based monitoring system to support heritage conservation planning[J]. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development,2013,3(2):130-147.
[14] Mari O G, Stendebakken, Eir R, etc.Proposed aspects for evaluation of the value of spaces in historic buildings[J]. Procedia Economics and Finance,2015(21):23-31.
[15]杨开.价值与实施导向下的历史文化名村保护与发展措施:以江西省峡江县湖洲村为例[J].城市发展研究,2017,24(5):26-34.
[16]屠李,赵鹏军,张超荣,试论传统村落保护的理论基础[J].城市发展研究,2016,23(10):118-124.
[17]邵甬,付娟娟.历史文化村镇价值评价的意义与方法[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,44(5):644-650,656.
[18]邵甬,付娟娟.以价值为基础的历史文化村镇综含评价研究[J].城市规划,2012,36(2):82-88.
[19]朱晓明.试论古村落的评价标准[J].古建园林技术,2001(4):53-55.
[20]汪清蓉,李凡.古村落综合价值的定量评价方法及实证研究:以大旗头古村为例[J].旅游学刊,2006(1):19-24.
[21]王云才,郭焕成,杨丽.北京市郊区传统村落价值评价及可持续利用模式探讨:以北京市门头沟区传统村落的调查研究为例[J].地理科学,2006,26(6):735-742.
[22]杨丽婷,曾祯.古村落保护与开发综合价值评价研究:以浙江省磐安县为例[J].地域研究与开发,2013.32(4):112-116, 22.
[23]陆林,凌善金,焦华富.徽州村落[M].合肥:安徽人民出版社,2005.
[24]吴晓勤.世界文化遗产皖南古村落规划保护方案保护方法研究[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002:82.
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