施硫对花生生长发育、品质和土壤供硫能力的影响
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摘要
采用大田随机区组试验,研究了施硫对花生生长发育、品质和土壤供硫能力的影响,为花生合理施用硫肥提供技术支撑。结果表明,施硫能增加花生叶片SPAD值,苗期、花针期、结荚期、饱果期花生叶片SPAD值平均增加2.9,4.1,3.5,2.8;能增加花生主茎高、侧枝长、分枝数和饱果数,分别平均增加2.5,4.6 cm,0.4条/株,2.7个/株。随着施硫量的增加,蛋白质含量呈抛物线变化趋势,脂肪含量呈增加趋势,最大值分别为25.1%,50.1%;荚果产量、蛋白产量和脂肪产量均呈增加趋势,最大值分别为5 836.5,979.8,2 011.8 kg/hm~2。随着施硫量的增加,耕层土壤全硫含量和有效硫含量呈增加趋势,施硫量为60 kg/hm~2时,耕层土壤全硫含量、有效硫含量均达到供给平衡。试验条件下,施硫量为60～90 kg/hm~2时,能满足花生生长发育对硫的需求,花生产量为5 665.5～5 802.0 kg/hm~2时,蛋白质产量和脂肪产量分别为956.5～968.6,1 894.0～1 968.8 kg/hm~2,土壤全硫含量、有效硫含量分别为141～158,26.1～34.8 mg/kg。
Effects of sulfur fertilizer on growth and development, quality of peanut and supply capacity of sulfur in soil were studied by field randomized block experiment, to provide technical support on reasonable application of sulfur fertilizer for peanut. The results showed that sulfur could increase leaf SPAD value of peanut, in seedling, flowering-pegging, podding, mature stage, leaf SPAD value, on average, increased by 2.9, 4.1, 3.5, 2.8, respectively, it could increase plant height, lateral branch length, branch number, full fruit number of peanut that increased average 2.5 cm, 4.6 cm, 4.6/plant, 2.7/plant, respectively. Protein content showed a parabolic trend, and fat content increased, the maximum value of was 25.1% and 50.1%, respectively. Pod yield, protein yield and fat yield were all increased,the maximum value were 5 836.5, 979.8, 2 011.8 kg/hm~2, respectively, with sulfur application increased. Total sulfur content and effective sulfur content in cultivated soil increased, with the increase of sulfur application, when the flow rate was 60 kg/hm~2, total sulfur content and effective sulfur content in cultivated soil could reach balance between supply and demand. In our experiment, sulfur application rate was in 60-90 kg/hm~2, it could satisfy with need of peanut growth for sulfur, and peanut production was 5 665.5-5 802.0 kg/hm~2, protein yield and fat yield were 956.5-968.6 kg/hm~2, 1 894.0-1 968.8 kg/hm~2, respectively, soil total sulfur content, available sulfur content was141-158, 26.1-34.8 mg/kg, respectively.
Effects of sulfur fertilizer on growth and development, quality of peanut and supply capacity of sulfur in soil were studied by field randomized block experiment, to provide technical support on reasonable application of sulfur fertilizer for peanut. The results showed that sulfur could increase leaf SPAD value of peanut, in seedling, flowering-pegging, podding, mature stage, leaf SPAD value, on average, increased by 2.9, 4.1, 3.5, 2.8, respectively, it could increase plant height, lateral branch length, branch number, full fruit number of peanut that increased average 2.5 cm, 4.6 cm, 4.6/plant, 2.7/plant, respectively. Protein content showed a parabolic trend, and fat content increased, the maximum value of was 25.1% and 50.1%, respectively. Pod yield, protein yield and fat yield were all increased,the maximum value were 5 836.5, 979.8, 2 011.8 kg/hm~2, respectively, with sulfur application increased. Total sulfur content and effective sulfur content in cultivated soil increased, with the increase of sulfur application, when the flow rate was 60 kg/hm~2, total sulfur content and effective sulfur content in cultivated soil could reach balance between supply and demand. In our experiment, sulfur application rate was in 60-90 kg/hm~2, it could satisfy with need of peanut growth for sulfur, and peanut production was 5 665.5-5 802.0 kg/hm~2, protein yield and fat yield were 956.5-968.6 kg/hm~2, 1 894.0-1 968.8 kg/hm~2, respectively, soil total sulfur content, available sulfur content was141-158, 26.1-34.8 mg/kg, respectively.
引文
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[8]赵仪华,林志刚,赵健青.添加磷石膏的长效氮肥对卷心菜吸收氮、硫的影响[J].土壤通报,1993,24(2):80-82.
[9]周可金,雷红灵,肖文娜,等.供硫水平对花生叶片硫素含量与形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(6):1154-1159.
[10]杨杰,章明清,彭嘉桂,等.花生硫肥效应与施用量研究[J].福建农业科技,1999(3):3-4.
[11]周跃良,林蕴华,张德兵,等.花生施硫效应研究[J].作物研究,1999(2):27-29.
[12]吴德淮,钟厚,黄明,等.花生施用硫素肥料效果试验[J].现代农业科技,2016(18):23,26.
[13]苑学亮,房媛,高爽.硫肥用量对花生农艺性状及产量的影响[J].现代农业科技,2017(4):9,11.
[14]王媛媛,张佳蕾,张凤,等.硫肥不同用量对花生氮代谢的影响[J].花生学报,2013,42(1):12-17.
[15]王媛媛,高波,张佳蕾,等.硫肥不同用量对花生生理性状及产量、品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(12):67-71.
[16]汪仁,安景文,张士义,等.施硫对花生产量品质及植株体内硫积累的影响[J].土壤通报,1998,29(4):177-178.
[17]何春梅,王飞,李清华,等.钾、镁、硫元素不同配比对花生养分吸收、累积及分配的影响[J].土壤通报,2009,40(6):1385-1389.
[18]熊金燕,章力干,马友华,等.控缓释含硫尿素对花生产量和品质的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2010,16(11):145-146,232.
[19]RADWAN T E E,HANAA H RAFLA ZAKI R N. Evaluation of elemental sulphur application with rhizobia inoculation on peanut yield and its quality grown in sandy soil at egypt[J]. Egypt J Bot,2017,57(1):217-240.
[20]ABD EL-KADER,MONA G. Effect of sulfur application and foliar spraying with zinc and boron on yield,yield components,and seed quality of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)[J]. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences,2013,9(4):127-135.
[21]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M]. 3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000:64-69.
[2]赵玉霞,周芳,李雪芳,等.氮硫配施对冬小麦氮硫吸收转运及利用效率的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(9):1020-1028.
[3]曹殿云,王宏伟,徐晓旭.硫肥用量对玉米氮硫吸收分配和产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(9):1298-1305.
[4]李娜,杨阳,赵玉霞,等.施用硫肥对关中地区夏玉米硫素吸收及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(5):168-172.
[5]刘光荣,袁福生,李祖章,等.氮硫配施对水稻的效应研究[J].江西农业学报,2001,13(2):3-7.
[6]景金富,孟赐福,马军伟,等.施用氮、硫肥对油菜和水稻产量的交互作用[J].浙江农业学报,2000,12(2):61-65.
[7]王照林,张晓海,王平华,等.烤烟对硫素的田间吸收利用规律研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2004,19(1):105-109.
[8]赵仪华,林志刚,赵健青.添加磷石膏的长效氮肥对卷心菜吸收氮、硫的影响[J].土壤通报,1993,24(2):80-82.
[9]周可金,雷红灵,肖文娜,等.供硫水平对花生叶片硫素含量与形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(6):1154-1159.
[10]杨杰,章明清,彭嘉桂,等.花生硫肥效应与施用量研究[J].福建农业科技,1999(3):3-4.
[11]周跃良,林蕴华,张德兵,等.花生施硫效应研究[J].作物研究,1999(2):27-29.
[12]吴德淮,钟厚,黄明,等.花生施用硫素肥料效果试验[J].现代农业科技,2016(18):23,26.
[13]苑学亮,房媛,高爽.硫肥用量对花生农艺性状及产量的影响[J].现代农业科技,2017(4):9,11.
[14]王媛媛,张佳蕾,张凤,等.硫肥不同用量对花生氮代谢的影响[J].花生学报,2013,42(1):12-17.
[15]王媛媛,高波,张佳蕾,等.硫肥不同用量对花生生理性状及产量、品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2014,46(12):67-71.
[16]汪仁,安景文,张士义,等.施硫对花生产量品质及植株体内硫积累的影响[J].土壤通报,1998,29(4):177-178.
[17]何春梅,王飞,李清华,等.钾、镁、硫元素不同配比对花生养分吸收、累积及分配的影响[J].土壤通报,2009,40(6):1385-1389.
[18]熊金燕,章力干,马友华,等.控缓释含硫尿素对花生产量和品质的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2010,16(11):145-146,232.
[19]RADWAN T E E,HANAA H RAFLA ZAKI R N. Evaluation of elemental sulphur application with rhizobia inoculation on peanut yield and its quality grown in sandy soil at egypt[J]. Egypt J Bot,2017,57(1):217-240.
[20]ABD EL-KADER,MONA G. Effect of sulfur application and foliar spraying with zinc and boron on yield,yield components,and seed quality of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)[J]. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences,2013,9(4):127-135.
[21]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M]. 3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000:64-69.
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