基于生态水文调控的流域综合管理研究综述
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摘要
在全球气候变化与人类活动的双重影响下,流域水与生态等问题将更加突出、相互交织,是当前亟需解决的影响和制约世界各国可持续发展的瓶颈问题。基于对流域综合管理概念内涵的理解,以生态水文学理论和基于自然的水资源解决方案的理念为指导,提出了基于生态水文调控的流域综合管理概念与内涵,着重阐述了其核心内容:①理论方法——流域生态水文调控原理与方法;②应用实践——面向生态-社会协调可持续的流域水资源综合管理。将丰富和发展流域综合管理理论方法与技术体系,提升流域综合管理的实效性和整体水平。
The river basin water and ecological issues have become prominent urgent problems and have generated considerable recent research interest around the world, owing to the combined effect of global climate change and human activities. This paper first briefly presented the concept of integrated river basin management. Then we provide the concept and connotation of eco-hydrological regulation for integrated river basin management, it is synthetically guided by theory of sustainable development, theory of ecohydrology as well as nature-based solution to water issues for comprehensive contributing to dual-regulation of a river basin.With the support and participant of government and publics, especially those of mitigation measures(e.g., laws and regulations, water right and water market, ecological engineering, hydraulic engineering), it could efficiently address river basin water and ecological issues and improve benefits from water and ecosystem. Therefore,it could help to achieve a coordinated development between water resources-ecological environment-social economy, and promote the maximum of public welfare in river basin. Furthermore, we systematically elaborated the essential research contents of eco-hydrological regulation for integrated river basin management: 1) the principle and methodology of eco-hydrological regulation; 2) the integrated water resources management for eco-social coordinated and sustainable development in river basin. The results of this paper have a great implication in the enrichment and development of theoretical methods and technical systems of integrated river basin management, which would be beneficial for effectiveness as well as overall level of integrated river basin management.
The river basin water and ecological issues have become prominent urgent problems and have generated considerable recent research interest around the world, owing to the combined effect of global climate change and human activities. This paper first briefly presented the concept of integrated river basin management. Then we provide the concept and connotation of eco-hydrological regulation for integrated river basin management, it is synthetically guided by theory of sustainable development, theory of ecohydrology as well as nature-based solution to water issues for comprehensive contributing to dual-regulation of a river basin.With the support and participant of government and publics, especially those of mitigation measures(e.g., laws and regulations, water right and water market, ecological engineering, hydraulic engineering), it could efficiently address river basin water and ecological issues and improve benefits from water and ecosystem. Therefore,it could help to achieve a coordinated development between water resources-ecological environment-social economy, and promote the maximum of public welfare in river basin. Furthermore, we systematically elaborated the essential research contents of eco-hydrological regulation for integrated river basin management: 1) the principle and methodology of eco-hydrological regulation; 2) the integrated water resources management for eco-social coordinated and sustainable development in river basin. The results of this paper have a great implication in the enrichment and development of theoretical methods and technical systems of integrated river basin management, which would be beneficial for effectiveness as well as overall level of integrated river basin management.
引文
[1]陈宜瑜,王毅,李利锋,等.中国流域综合管理战略研究[M].北京:科学出版社, 2007.[Chen Yiyu, Wang Yi, Li Lifeng et al.Strategic study on integrated river basin management in China.Beijing:Science Press, 2007.]
[2] WHO. Health through integrated water resources management[EB/OL].[2009-05-11]. http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/mdg2/en/index.html.
[3] UNDP. What is IWRM[EB/OL].[2009-05-11]. http://www. archive.cap-net.org/iwrm_tutorial/1_3.htm.
[4] USAID. What is integrated water resources management?[EB/OL].[2009-05-11]. http://www. usaid. gov/our_work/environment/water/what_is_iwrm.html.
[5]陈宜瑜.推进流域综合管理,保护长江生命之河[J].中国水利,2005(8):10-12.[Chen Yiyu. Promoting integrated river basin management to protect the life of the Yangtze river. China Water Resources, 2005(8):10-12.]
[6]王克林,谢永宏.洞庭湖流域综合管理现状与战略研究[J].农业现代化研究, 2007, 28(6):673-676.[Wang Kelin, Xie Yonghong. Situation and strategic study on integrated management of dongting Lake basin. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2007, 28(6):673-676.]
[7]马建华.稳步推进长江流域综合管理的思考[J].中国水利,2014(6):34-37.[Ma Jianhua. Implementation of integrated management in yangtze river basin. China Water Resources,2014(6):34-37.]
[8]邓铭江.破解内陆干旱区水资源紧缺问题的关键举措:新疆干旱区水问题发展趋势与调控策略[J].中国水利, 2018(6):14-17.[Deng Mingjiang. National water conservation action is a key measure for alleviating water shortage in inland dry areas:a study on the development trend of water issues in the dry areas of Xingjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and its allocation and regulation strategy. China Water Resources, 2018(6):14-17.]
[9]夏军,李天生.生态水文学的进展与展望[J].中国防汛抗旱,2018, 28(6):1-5, 21.[Xia Jun, Li Tiansheng. Advances and prospects of eco-hydrology research. China Flood&Drought Management, 2018, 28(6):1-5, 21.]
[10] Zalewski M. Ecohydrology:Process-oriented thinking towards sustainable river basins[J]. Ecohydrology&Hydrobiology,2013, 13(2):97-103.
[11] Global Water Partnership. Integrated water resources management[M]. Stockholm:Global Water Partnership, 2000.
[12] Zalewski M. Ecohydrology and hydrologic engineering:regulation of hydrology-biota interactions for sustainability[J]. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2015, 20(1):A4014012.
[13] Karr J R, Dudley D R. Ecological perspective on water quality goals[J]. Environmental Management, 1981, 5(1):55-68.
[14] Müller F. Gradients in ecological systems[J]. Ecological Modelling, 1998, 108(1/2/3):3-21.
[15] Andreasen J K, O’Neill R V, Noss R et al. Considerations for the development of a terrestrial index of ecological integrity[J].Ecological Indicators, 2001, 1(1):21-35.
[16] Haught P A. Ecosystem integrity and its value for environmental ethics[D]. Denton:University of North Texas, 1996.
[17]徐宗学,赵捷.生态水文模型开发和应用:回顾与展望[J].水利学报, 2016, 47(3):346-354.[Xu Zongxue, Zhao Jie. Development and applications of eco-hydrological models:past and future. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2016, 47(3):346-354.]
[18]杨永刚,肖洪浪,赵良菊,等.流域生态水文过程与功能研究进展[J].中国沙漠, 2011, 31(5):1242-1246.[Yang Yonggang,Xiao Honglang, Zhao Liangju et al. Research advances in ecohydrological process and ecohydrological function. Journal of Desert Research, 2011, 31(5):1242-1246.]
[19]严登华,王浩,杨舒媛,等.干旱区流域生态水文耦合模拟与调控的若干思考[J].地球科学进展, 2008, 23(7):773-778.[Yan Denghua, Wang Hao, Yang Shuyuan et al. Some opinions on the eco-hydrological processes simulation and regulation in arid basins. Advances in Earth Science, 2008, 23(7):773-778.]
[20]刘鹄,赵文智,李中恺.地下水依赖型生态系统生态水文研究进展[J].地球科学进展, 2018, 33(7):741-750.[Liu Hu, Zhao Wenzhi, Li Zhongkai. Ecohydrology of groundwater dependent ecosystems:A review. Advances in Earth Science, 2018, 33(7):741-750.]
[21]陈亚宁.新疆塔里木河流域生态水文问题研究[M].北京:科学出版社, 2010.[Chen Yaning. Research on eco-hydrological problems of Tarim river basin in Xinjiang. Beijing:Science Press, 2010.]
[22]章光新,武瑶,吴燕锋,等.湿地生态水文学研究综述[J].水科学进展, 2018, 29(5):737-749.[Zhang Guangxin, Wu Yao, Wu Yanfeng et al. A review of research on wetland ecohydrology.Advances in Water Science, 2018, 29(5):737-749.]
[23]石秋池.欧盟水框架指令及其执行情况[J].中国水利, 2005(22):65-66, 52.[Shi Qiuchi. EU water framework directive and its implementation. China Water Resources, 2005(22):65-66,52.]
[24]宗蕴,朱孟郡,王菁,等.日照水库流域生态水文的调控与管理[J].中国人口?资源与环境, 2010, 20(S2):154-156.[Zong Yun, Zhu Mengjun, Wang Jing et al. The role of ecohydrology on water quality management of drinking water source of Rizhao reservoir. China Population, Resources and Environment,2010, 20(S2):154-156.]
[25]杨桂山,于秀波,李恒鹏,等.流域综合管理导论[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004.[Yang Guishan, Yu Xiubo, Li Hengpeng et al.Introduction to integrated river basin management. Beijing:Science Press, 2004.]
[26]粟晓玲,康绍忠.干旱区面向生态的水资源合理配置研究进展与关键问题[J].农业工程学报, 2005, 21(1):167-172.[Su Xiaoling, Kang Shaozhong. Research advances and key topics on optimal allocation of water resources based on ecosystem in the arid areas. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2005, 21(1):167-172.]
[27]叶亚妮,施宏伟.国外流域水资源管理模式演进及对我国的借鉴意义[J].西安石油大学学报(社会科学版), 2007, 16(2):11-16.[Ye Yani, Shi Hongwei. The evolution of water resource management model in overseas and its effect on China. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Social Science Edition), 2007, 16(2):11-16.]
[28]王浩,游进军.中国水资源配置30年[J].水利学报, 2016, 47(3):265-271, 282.[Wang Hao, You Jinjun. Progress of water resources allocation during the past 30 years in China. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2016, 47(3):265-271, 282.]
[29] Johnson N, Revenga C, Echeverria J. Managing water for people and nature[J]. Science, 2001, 292(5519):1071-1072.
[30] National Research Council. New strategies for america’s watersheds[M]. Washington D C:National Academies Press, 1999.
[31] Gleick P H. The world's water 1998-1999:The biennial report on freshwater resources[M]. Washington DC:Island Press,1998.
[32] Global Water Partnership. Catalyzing change:A handbook for developing integrated water resources management(IWRM)and water efficiency strategies[R]. New York:Elanders, 2004.
[33]严登华,王浩,杨舒媛,等.面向生态的水资源合理配置与湿地优先保护[J].水利学报, 2008, 39(10):1241-1247.[Yan Denghua, Wang Hao, Yang Shuyuan et al. Ecology-oriented reasonable deployment of water resources and giving priority to protection of wetland. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2008, 39(10):1241-1247.]
[34]冯夏清,章光新.基于水循环模拟的流域湿地水资源合理配置初探[J].湿地科学, 2012, 10(4):459-466.[Feng Xiaqing,Zhang Guangxin. Preliminary study on reasonable water resources allocation for wetlands in watershed based on water cycle simulation. Wetland Science, 2012, 10(4):459-466.]
[35]王浩,王建华,秦大庸.流域水资源合理配置的研究进展与发展方向[J].水科学进展, 2004, 15(1):123-128.[Wang Hao,Wang Jianhua, Qin Dayong. Research advances and direction on the theory and practice of reasonable water resources allocation. Advances in Water Science, 2004, 15(1):123-128.]
[36]程国栋.黑河流域水-生态-经济系统综合管理研究[M].北京:科学出版社, 2009.[Cheng Guodong. Integrated management of water, ecology and economy systems in the Heihe river basin. Beijing:Science Press, 2009.]
[37] WWAP/UN-Water. The united nations world water development report 2018:Nature-based solutions for water[R]. Paris:UNESCO, 2018.
[38]王浩,秦大庸,王建华.流域水资源规划的系统观与方法论[J].水利学报, 2002, 33(8):1-6.[Wang Hao, Qin Dayong,Wang Jianhua. Concept of system and methodology for river basin water resources programming. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2002, 33(8):1-6.]
[39]李原园,曹建廷,黄火键,等.国际上水资源综合管理进展[J].水科学进展, 2018, 29(1):127-137.[Li Yuanyuan, Cao Jianting, Huang Huojian et al. International progresses in integrated water resources management. Advances in Water Science,2018, 29(1):127-137.]
[40]贺缠生.流域科学与水资源管理[J].地球科学进展, 2012, 27(7):705-711.[He Chansheng. Watershed science and water resources management. Advances in Earth Science, 2012, 27(7):705-711.]
[2] WHO. Health through integrated water resources management[EB/OL].[2009-05-11]. http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/mdg2/en/index.html.
[3] UNDP. What is IWRM[EB/OL].[2009-05-11]. http://www. archive.cap-net.org/iwrm_tutorial/1_3.htm.
[4] USAID. What is integrated water resources management?[EB/OL].[2009-05-11]. http://www. usaid. gov/our_work/environment/water/what_is_iwrm.html.
[5]陈宜瑜.推进流域综合管理,保护长江生命之河[J].中国水利,2005(8):10-12.[Chen Yiyu. Promoting integrated river basin management to protect the life of the Yangtze river. China Water Resources, 2005(8):10-12.]
[6]王克林,谢永宏.洞庭湖流域综合管理现状与战略研究[J].农业现代化研究, 2007, 28(6):673-676.[Wang Kelin, Xie Yonghong. Situation and strategic study on integrated management of dongting Lake basin. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2007, 28(6):673-676.]
[7]马建华.稳步推进长江流域综合管理的思考[J].中国水利,2014(6):34-37.[Ma Jianhua. Implementation of integrated management in yangtze river basin. China Water Resources,2014(6):34-37.]
[8]邓铭江.破解内陆干旱区水资源紧缺问题的关键举措:新疆干旱区水问题发展趋势与调控策略[J].中国水利, 2018(6):14-17.[Deng Mingjiang. National water conservation action is a key measure for alleviating water shortage in inland dry areas:a study on the development trend of water issues in the dry areas of Xingjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and its allocation and regulation strategy. China Water Resources, 2018(6):14-17.]
[9]夏军,李天生.生态水文学的进展与展望[J].中国防汛抗旱,2018, 28(6):1-5, 21.[Xia Jun, Li Tiansheng. Advances and prospects of eco-hydrology research. China Flood&Drought Management, 2018, 28(6):1-5, 21.]
[10] Zalewski M. Ecohydrology:Process-oriented thinking towards sustainable river basins[J]. Ecohydrology&Hydrobiology,2013, 13(2):97-103.
[11] Global Water Partnership. Integrated water resources management[M]. Stockholm:Global Water Partnership, 2000.
[12] Zalewski M. Ecohydrology and hydrologic engineering:regulation of hydrology-biota interactions for sustainability[J]. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2015, 20(1):A4014012.
[13] Karr J R, Dudley D R. Ecological perspective on water quality goals[J]. Environmental Management, 1981, 5(1):55-68.
[14] Müller F. Gradients in ecological systems[J]. Ecological Modelling, 1998, 108(1/2/3):3-21.
[15] Andreasen J K, O’Neill R V, Noss R et al. Considerations for the development of a terrestrial index of ecological integrity[J].Ecological Indicators, 2001, 1(1):21-35.
[16] Haught P A. Ecosystem integrity and its value for environmental ethics[D]. Denton:University of North Texas, 1996.
[17]徐宗学,赵捷.生态水文模型开发和应用:回顾与展望[J].水利学报, 2016, 47(3):346-354.[Xu Zongxue, Zhao Jie. Development and applications of eco-hydrological models:past and future. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2016, 47(3):346-354.]
[18]杨永刚,肖洪浪,赵良菊,等.流域生态水文过程与功能研究进展[J].中国沙漠, 2011, 31(5):1242-1246.[Yang Yonggang,Xiao Honglang, Zhao Liangju et al. Research advances in ecohydrological process and ecohydrological function. Journal of Desert Research, 2011, 31(5):1242-1246.]
[19]严登华,王浩,杨舒媛,等.干旱区流域生态水文耦合模拟与调控的若干思考[J].地球科学进展, 2008, 23(7):773-778.[Yan Denghua, Wang Hao, Yang Shuyuan et al. Some opinions on the eco-hydrological processes simulation and regulation in arid basins. Advances in Earth Science, 2008, 23(7):773-778.]
[20]刘鹄,赵文智,李中恺.地下水依赖型生态系统生态水文研究进展[J].地球科学进展, 2018, 33(7):741-750.[Liu Hu, Zhao Wenzhi, Li Zhongkai. Ecohydrology of groundwater dependent ecosystems:A review. Advances in Earth Science, 2018, 33(7):741-750.]
[21]陈亚宁.新疆塔里木河流域生态水文问题研究[M].北京:科学出版社, 2010.[Chen Yaning. Research on eco-hydrological problems of Tarim river basin in Xinjiang. Beijing:Science Press, 2010.]
[22]章光新,武瑶,吴燕锋,等.湿地生态水文学研究综述[J].水科学进展, 2018, 29(5):737-749.[Zhang Guangxin, Wu Yao, Wu Yanfeng et al. A review of research on wetland ecohydrology.Advances in Water Science, 2018, 29(5):737-749.]
[23]石秋池.欧盟水框架指令及其执行情况[J].中国水利, 2005(22):65-66, 52.[Shi Qiuchi. EU water framework directive and its implementation. China Water Resources, 2005(22):65-66,52.]
[24]宗蕴,朱孟郡,王菁,等.日照水库流域生态水文的调控与管理[J].中国人口?资源与环境, 2010, 20(S2):154-156.[Zong Yun, Zhu Mengjun, Wang Jing et al. The role of ecohydrology on water quality management of drinking water source of Rizhao reservoir. China Population, Resources and Environment,2010, 20(S2):154-156.]
[25]杨桂山,于秀波,李恒鹏,等.流域综合管理导论[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004.[Yang Guishan, Yu Xiubo, Li Hengpeng et al.Introduction to integrated river basin management. Beijing:Science Press, 2004.]
[26]粟晓玲,康绍忠.干旱区面向生态的水资源合理配置研究进展与关键问题[J].农业工程学报, 2005, 21(1):167-172.[Su Xiaoling, Kang Shaozhong. Research advances and key topics on optimal allocation of water resources based on ecosystem in the arid areas. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2005, 21(1):167-172.]
[27]叶亚妮,施宏伟.国外流域水资源管理模式演进及对我国的借鉴意义[J].西安石油大学学报(社会科学版), 2007, 16(2):11-16.[Ye Yani, Shi Hongwei. The evolution of water resource management model in overseas and its effect on China. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Social Science Edition), 2007, 16(2):11-16.]
[28]王浩,游进军.中国水资源配置30年[J].水利学报, 2016, 47(3):265-271, 282.[Wang Hao, You Jinjun. Progress of water resources allocation during the past 30 years in China. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2016, 47(3):265-271, 282.]
[29] Johnson N, Revenga C, Echeverria J. Managing water for people and nature[J]. Science, 2001, 292(5519):1071-1072.
[30] National Research Council. New strategies for america’s watersheds[M]. Washington D C:National Academies Press, 1999.
[31] Gleick P H. The world's water 1998-1999:The biennial report on freshwater resources[M]. Washington DC:Island Press,1998.
[32] Global Water Partnership. Catalyzing change:A handbook for developing integrated water resources management(IWRM)and water efficiency strategies[R]. New York:Elanders, 2004.
[33]严登华,王浩,杨舒媛,等.面向生态的水资源合理配置与湿地优先保护[J].水利学报, 2008, 39(10):1241-1247.[Yan Denghua, Wang Hao, Yang Shuyuan et al. Ecology-oriented reasonable deployment of water resources and giving priority to protection of wetland. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2008, 39(10):1241-1247.]
[34]冯夏清,章光新.基于水循环模拟的流域湿地水资源合理配置初探[J].湿地科学, 2012, 10(4):459-466.[Feng Xiaqing,Zhang Guangxin. Preliminary study on reasonable water resources allocation for wetlands in watershed based on water cycle simulation. Wetland Science, 2012, 10(4):459-466.]
[35]王浩,王建华,秦大庸.流域水资源合理配置的研究进展与发展方向[J].水科学进展, 2004, 15(1):123-128.[Wang Hao,Wang Jianhua, Qin Dayong. Research advances and direction on the theory and practice of reasonable water resources allocation. Advances in Water Science, 2004, 15(1):123-128.]
[36]程国栋.黑河流域水-生态-经济系统综合管理研究[M].北京:科学出版社, 2009.[Cheng Guodong. Integrated management of water, ecology and economy systems in the Heihe river basin. Beijing:Science Press, 2009.]
[37] WWAP/UN-Water. The united nations world water development report 2018:Nature-based solutions for water[R]. Paris:UNESCO, 2018.
[38]王浩,秦大庸,王建华.流域水资源规划的系统观与方法论[J].水利学报, 2002, 33(8):1-6.[Wang Hao, Qin Dayong,Wang Jianhua. Concept of system and methodology for river basin water resources programming. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2002, 33(8):1-6.]
[39]李原园,曹建廷,黄火键,等.国际上水资源综合管理进展[J].水科学进展, 2018, 29(1):127-137.[Li Yuanyuan, Cao Jianting, Huang Huojian et al. International progresses in integrated water resources management. Advances in Water Science,2018, 29(1):127-137.]
[40]贺缠生.流域科学与水资源管理[J].地球科学进展, 2012, 27(7):705-711.[He Chansheng. Watershed science and water resources management. Advances in Earth Science, 2012, 27(7):705-711.]
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