涠西南凹陷碳酸盐岩潜山原油来源及成藏模式
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摘要
综合原油族组成、饱和烃气相色谱、甾烷及萜烷等资料,对涠西南凹陷碳酸盐岩潜山原油进行了分析。结果表明,原油族组成总体具有"两高三低"的特征,即饱和烃/芳烃、饱和烃质量分数高,非烃、芳烃和沥青质质量分数低,饱和烃以低碳数正构烷烃为主,呈"单峰态前峰型"或宽缓的"双峰型"分布;除少数潜山构造原油Ts质量分数明显高于Tm且检测出一定量的奥利烷,其余构造原油Ts与Tm质量分数均接近且C304-甲基甾烷质量分数高。油源对比表明,一号断裂带潜山原油主要为流沙港组二段底部的油页岩产物,而二号断裂带潜山原油主要来自流沙港组二段下部的暗色泥岩。在分析油气生成、运移、潜山位置与烃源岩接触关系、供烃方式等基础上,总结了凸起区"间接接触单向供烃"和凹中隆"直接接触多向供烃"2种成藏模式。
Based on the data of group compositions,saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography,steroid,terpane and so on,a systematic analysis is carried out on the oils of carbonate buried hills in Weixinan Sag,the results show that the crude oil group composition has"two high,three low"characteristics,that is,high saturated hydrocarbon content,high satiety/aromatic ratio,low non-hydrocarbon,aromatic hydrocarbon and asphalt content.In addition,the saturated hydrocarbons are dominated by the low carbon number n-alkanes,showing a"single peak"or a broad"double peak"distribution.Except for a few carbonate buried hill structural crude oil,the content of Ts is obviously higher than that of Tm,and a certain amount of olinane is detected.The Ts and Tm contents of other structural crude oil are all close,and the content of C304-methylsterane is high.The oil-source correlation shows that the carbonate buried hill oil of No.1 fault zone is mainly the product of the oil shale at the bottom of the 2~(nd) Member of Liushagang Formation,while the carbonate buried hill oil of No.2 fault is mainly from the dark mudstone at the bottom of the 2~(nd) Member of Liushagang Formation.On the basis of analyzing the relationship among hydrocarbon generation,migration,buried hill location and source rock contact,and hydrocarbon supply mode and so on,two types of hydrocarbon accumulation pattern sare established,namely"indirect contact and one way hydrocarbon supply pattern"in bulge and"direct contact and multi-direction hydrocarbon supply pattern"in intra-sag uplift.
Based on the data of group compositions,saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography,steroid,terpane and so on,a systematic analysis is carried out on the oils of carbonate buried hills in Weixinan Sag,the results show that the crude oil group composition has"two high,three low"characteristics,that is,high saturated hydrocarbon content,high satiety/aromatic ratio,low non-hydrocarbon,aromatic hydrocarbon and asphalt content.In addition,the saturated hydrocarbons are dominated by the low carbon number n-alkanes,showing a"single peak"or a broad"double peak"distribution.Except for a few carbonate buried hill structural crude oil,the content of Ts is obviously higher than that of Tm,and a certain amount of olinane is detected.The Ts and Tm contents of other structural crude oil are all close,and the content of C304-methylsterane is high.The oil-source correlation shows that the carbonate buried hill oil of No.1 fault zone is mainly the product of the oil shale at the bottom of the 2~(nd) Member of Liushagang Formation,while the carbonate buried hill oil of No.2 fault is mainly from the dark mudstone at the bottom of the 2~(nd) Member of Liushagang Formation.On the basis of analyzing the relationship among hydrocarbon generation,migration,buried hill location and source rock contact,and hydrocarbon supply mode and so on,two types of hydrocarbon accumulation pattern sare established,namely"indirect contact and one way hydrocarbon supply pattern"in bulge and"direct contact and multi-direction hydrocarbon supply pattern"in intra-sag uplift.
引文
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[2]孙文钊,王传雷,杨希滨.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷始新统隐蔽油气藏类型及勘探方向[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(1):84~88.
[3]徐新德,王碧维,李旭红,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷流沙港组隐蔽油气藏油源及成藏特征[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(1):92~98.
[4]袁静.埕北30潜山带太古界储集层特征及其影响因素[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):48~52.
[5]张岚,霍春亮,赵春明,等.渤海湾盆地锦州南油田太古界变质岩潜山储集层裂缝三维地质建模[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(2):12~16.
[6]汪伟光,喻莲.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起潜山区奥陶系油气成藏条件[J].特种油气藏,2011,18(4):30~35.
[7]吴伟涛,高先志.辽河坳陷齐家变质岩潜山内幕隔层特征与控藏作用[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(2):167~169.
[8]黄晓波,徐长贵,王丽君,等.辽东凸起潜山油气成藏条件及模式[J].特种油气藏,2013,20(5):73~77.
[9]赵顺兰,杨希冰,陈林,等.南海西部涠西南凹陷碳酸盐岩潜山油气成藏条件及勘探潜力[J].中国海上油气,2019,31(2):51~61.
[10]焦立波,杨希冰,邓勇,等.涠西南凹陷构造演化特征及潜山裂缝预测[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2018,15(7):9~13.
[11]赵顺兰,赵亚卓,杨希冰,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷碳酸盐岩潜山储层特征与主控因素分析[J].海洋学报,2018,40(9):43~53.
[12]程光华,王丽.涠西南凹陷石炭系储集体岩溶特征识别[J].内蒙古石油化工,2012,13:147~148.
[13]肖军,王华,马丽娟,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷W61潜山油气成藏条件分析[J].新疆石油学院学报,2003,15(4):30~37.
[14]陈广坡,徐国盛,贾义蓉,等.南海石炭系潜山储层特征及地震识别[J].天然气工业,2007,27(10):42~45.
[15]孙晓猛,张旭庆,张功成,等.南海北部新生代盆地基底结构及构造属性[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,44(6):1312~1323.
[16]姚伯初.南海海盆新生代的构造演化史[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1996,16(2):1~13.
[17]龚再升,李思田,谢泰俊,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集[M].北京:科学出版社,1997:65~74.
[18]李春荣,张功成,梁建设,等.北部湾盆地断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制作用[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):195~203.
[19]郭飞飞,王韶华,孙建峰,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷油气成藏条件分析[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(3):93~98.
[20]任拥军,纪友亮,李瑞雪.南祁连盆地石炭系可能烃源岩的甾萜烷地球化学特征及意义[J].石油实验地质,2000,12(2):341~345.
[21]Peters K E,Moldowan J M.The biomarker guide:interpreting molecular fossils in petroleum and ancient sediments[M].Englewood Cliffs New Jersey:Prentice Hall,1993:120~159.
[22]朱伟林,江文荣.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断裂与油气藏[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):6~10.
[23]徐新德,张迎朝,黄义文,等.北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流沙港组油页岩发育的主控因素[J].石油学报,2013,34(2):66~73.
[24]谢瑞永,黄保家,李旭红,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷流沙港组烃源岩生烃潜力评价[J].地质学刊,2014,38(4):670~675.
[25]黄保家,黄合庭,吴国瑄,等.北部湾盆地始新统湖相富有机质页岩特征及成因机制[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):25~31.
[26]张萍,郑军,席敏红,等.北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷西南缘油气成藏条件及模式[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(2):157~163.
[27]汤良杰,金之钧,庞雄奇.多期叠合盆地油气运聚模式[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(4):67~70.
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