基于地震探测的围岩分类及其应用
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摘要
大瑞铁路高黎贡山隧道工程地质条件复杂,施工过程中掘进面大量涌水。为有效预防突水事故等突发性地质灾害的发生,基于TSP地震探测系统对掘进面前方围岩富水段和节理裂隙发育段等地质异常段进行探测。通过信息提取,研究地震信息与围岩稳定性的响应关系,建立地质异常评价指标体系,采用聚类分析法研究地震波空间分布特征、围岩物理力学参数、富水区与节理裂隙等地质异常体之间的相关性,将研究区围岩进行富水性和稳定性分级,并应用于PDZK225+999掘进面前方120 m范围内地质异常体预测。结果显示:掘进面前方50 m内围岩富水性较强,围岩类别为W2和S3,掘进面前方50～90 m内围岩节理裂隙异常发育但富水性不强,围岩类别为W3和S3,W4和S2,W4和S4。经超前水平钻探和实际隧道施工揭露验证,基于地震探测的围岩分级方法可行,分类结果与实际高度吻合,预测预报结果准确、可靠,有效提高了地震探测成果的可靠性。
Gaoligongshan tunnel of Da-Rui railway faces with complicated geological conditions and large water discharge during the construction. In order to prevent sudden geological accidents of water hazards,the waterenriched section and joint-fissure-developed section in surrounding rock in the front of the working-face were detected based on the TSP seismic detection system. The response of seismic information to the stability of surrounding rock was studied,and the geological anomaly evaluation index system was established based on information extraction. Meanwhile,cluster analysis method was used to analysis the seismic wave spatial distributions,the physical mechanics parameter of surrounding rock as well as the correlations between rich water area and joint fissure. The water rich and stability of surrounding rock was classified. The results of the classifications were used in prediction of geologic anomaly in 120 m range of PDZK225 + 999 face. The prediction results showed that the surrounding rock enriched in water in around 50 m of the front face in surrounding rock type as W2 and S3. The joint fissures of surrounding rock in the front 50 ～ 90 m of the face were abnormally developed but the water enrich was not strong,the surrounding rocks were W3 and S3,W4 and S2,W4 and S4. The advanced horizontal drilling and actual practice proved that the grading method was feasible and the results matched well with actual features,and the prediction results were accurate and reliable. By this method,the reliability of the seismic detection results was highly improved.
Gaoligongshan tunnel of Da-Rui railway faces with complicated geological conditions and large water discharge during the construction. In order to prevent sudden geological accidents of water hazards,the waterenriched section and joint-fissure-developed section in surrounding rock in the front of the working-face were detected based on the TSP seismic detection system. The response of seismic information to the stability of surrounding rock was studied,and the geological anomaly evaluation index system was established based on information extraction. Meanwhile,cluster analysis method was used to analysis the seismic wave spatial distributions,the physical mechanics parameter of surrounding rock as well as the correlations between rich water area and joint fissure. The water rich and stability of surrounding rock was classified. The results of the classifications were used in prediction of geologic anomaly in 120 m range of PDZK225 + 999 face. The prediction results showed that the surrounding rock enriched in water in around 50 m of the front face in surrounding rock type as W2 and S3. The joint fissures of surrounding rock in the front 50 ～ 90 m of the face were abnormally developed but the water enrich was not strong,the surrounding rocks were W3 and S3,W4 and S2,W4 and S4. The advanced horizontal drilling and actual practice proved that the grading method was feasible and the results matched well with actual features,and the prediction results were accurate and reliable. By this method,the reliability of the seismic detection results was highly improved.
引文
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[15]李利平,李术才,陈军,等.基于岩溶突涌水风险评价的隧道施工许可机制及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(7):1345-1355.LI L P,LI S C,CHEN J,et al. Constraction license mechanismandits application based on karst water inrush risk evaluation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(7):1345-1355.
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[2]李术才,刘斌,孙怀凤,等.隧道施工超前地质预报研究现状及发展趋势[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(6):1090-1113.LI S C,LIU B,SUN H F,et al. Stateofartand trendsof advanced geological predictionin tunnel construction[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(6):1090-1113.
[3]石连松,高文学,周世生,等.隧道地震预报超前地质预报及其应用研究[J].兵工学报,2016,37(2):128-132.SHI L S,GAO W X,ZHOU S S,et al. Study of surrounding rock classification method based on TSP advanced geological prediction technology[J]. Acta Armamentaril,2016,37(2):128-132.
[4]邱道宏,李术才,张乐文,等.基于隧洞超前地质探测和地应力场反演的岩爆预测研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(7):2034-2040.QIU D H,LI S C,ZHANG L W,et al. Rockburst prediction based on tunnel geological exploration and ground stress field inverse analysis[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(7):2034-2040.
[5]罗利锐,刘志刚.岩溶地区超前地质预报方法对比分析[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(s1):351-355.LUO L R,LIU Z G. Comparative analysis of advanced geological prediction methods in karst areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(s1):351-355.
[6]黄雄军.宜万铁路马鹿箐隧道+978溶腔预测预报[J].现代隧道技术,2011,48(1):128-132.HUANG X J. Geological forecast for cavity at+978 of Malujing tunnel on Yichang-Wanzhou railway[J].Modern Tunneling Technology. 2011,48(1):128-132.
[7] ALIMORADI A,MORADZADEH A,NADERI R,et al. Prediction of geological hazardous zones in front of a tunnel face using TSP-203 and artificial neural networks[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2008,23(6):711-717.
[8]胡辉荣,于贵. TSP203 Plus超前地质预报系统在高竹顶隧道断层中的应用[J].铁道工程学报,2011,28(5):1-4.HU H R,YU G. Application of advanced geological prediction system TSP 203 plus in advanced geological prediction of fault forconstruction of Gaozhuding tunnel[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2011,25(5):1-4.
[9]胡振潮.综合地质预报技术在宜万铁路大支坪隧道F5断层预报中的应用[J].现代隧道技术,2010,47(3):92-97.HU Z C. Comprehensive geological prediction technology applied to fault F5in Dazhiping tunnel on YichangWanzhou railway[J]. Modern Tunneling Technology.2010,47(3):92-97.
[10]张永双,张加桂,雷伟志,等.中国西南泛亚大通道环境工程地质问题概论[J].地学前缘,2007,14(6):24-30.ZHANG Y S,ZHANG J G,LEI W Z,et al. Discussion on environmental geological problems in the areas from Southwest China to Southeast Asia[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(6):24-30.
[11]李术才,李树忱,张庆松,等.岩溶裂隙水与不良地质情况超前预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(2):217-225.LI S C,LI S C,ZHANG Q S,et al. Forecast of karstfractured groundwater and defective geological condictions[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(2):217-225.
[12]薛翊国,李术才,张庆松,等. TSP203超前预报系统探测岩溶隧道的应用研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2007(s1):1187-1191.XUE Y G,LI S C,ZHANG Q S et al. Appication of TSP203 advanced prediction to tunnel in karst areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007(s1):1187-1191.
[13]张霄,李术才,张庆松,等.大型地下含水体对地震波特殊反射规律的现场正演试验研究[J].地球物理学报,2011(5):1367-1374.ZHANG X,LI S C,ZHANG Q S,et al. Field-testing study on seismic reflection response of large-scale underground water-bearing body[J]. Chinaese Journal of Geophysics,2011(5):1367-1374.
[14] SHI S,BU L,LI S,et al. Application of comprehensive prediction method of water inrush hazards induced by unfavourable geological body in high risk karst tunnel:A case study[J]. Geomatics Natural Hazards&Risk,2017,8(2):1407-1423.
[15]李利平,李术才,陈军,等.基于岩溶突涌水风险评价的隧道施工许可机制及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(7):1345-1355.LI L P,LI S C,CHEN J,et al. Constraction license mechanismandits application based on karst water inrush risk evaluation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(7):1345-1355.
[16] LI S,LI S,ZHANG Q,et al. Predicting geological hazards during tunnel construction[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2010,2(3):232-242.
[17]郭长宝.大瑞铁路高黎贡山越岭段重大工程地质问题研究[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2011.GUO C B. Research on the major engineering geological problems of the Dali Ruili railway through Gaoligong Mt.[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,2011.
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