喜马拉雅造山带东段错那洞片麻岩穹窿的变质作用及构造意义
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摘要
错那洞穹窿是喜马拉雅造山带北部发育的一系列片麻岩穹窿之一,因其赋存有超大型稀有金属矿床而倍受关注。本文对错那洞穹窿核部产出的石榴石十字石蓝晶石白云母片岩进行了岩石学、相平衡模拟和锆石U-Pb年代学研究,为揭示穹窿的成因和成矿作用提供了重要限定。岩石学研究表明,石榴石蓝晶石十字石白云母片岩的共生矿物组合是石榴石+蓝晶石+十字石+白云母+斜长石+石英+钛铁矿+金红石,为典型的中压角闪岩相变质岩。相平衡模拟表明岩石的变质温压条件为670℃和9. 0kbar,并未经历部分熔融。锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,片岩的变质作用发生在47～29Ma,即经历了一个较长期(～20Myr)的变质演化过程。结合现有研究成果,我们认为错那洞片麻岩穹窿具有与喜马拉雅造山带北部发育的其它片麻岩穹窿相同的成因,穹窿核部的中级变质岩为高喜马拉雅结晶岩系的上部构造层位,其变质作用发生在印度大陆向拉萨地体之下低角度俯冲过程中;穹窿核部淡色花岗岩是高分异的异地花岗岩,是高喜马拉雅结晶岩系下部高温高压麻粒岩部分熔融所形成的熔体经历高程度分离结晶产物。此外,本文研究成果为印度与亚洲大陆的碰撞时间和性质提供了进一步约束。
The Cuonadong dome,one of the North Himalayan Gneiss Domes,has attracted great attention due to the discovery of super-large rare metal deposits. In this paper,we conduct petrological,phase equilibrium model and zircon U-Pb chronological study for the garnet-staurolite-kyanite mica schist from the core of the Cuonadong dome. The obtained results provide important constraints on the genesis and mineralization of the dome. Petrological study indicates that the meta-pelitic schist has a mineral assemblage of garnet+ kyanite + staurolite + muscovite + plagioclase + quartz + ilmenite + rutile,typical of medium-pressure amphibolite-facies rock. Phase equilibria modeling reveals that the schist has metamorphic conditions of 670℃ and 9. 0 kbar,and did not experienced partial melting.Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the metamorphism of the schist initiated at ～ 47 Ma,and lasted to ～ 29 Ma,indicating a long-lived metamorphic process of ca. 20 Myr. Combining with available studies,we believe that the Cuonadong dome has similar genesis to other domes in the North Himalaya. The intermediate-grade metamorphic rocks in the dome core,representing the upper structural level of the Greater Himalayan Crystallization Sequence,was formed during the shallow subduction of the Indian continent beneath the Asian continent. Leucogranites in the dome core were derived from partial melting of the high-pressure and high-temperature granulites of the lower structural level of the Greater Himalayan Crystallization Sequence,and experienced high degree of fractional crystallization. In addition,the present study provides further information of the timing and nature of the collision between Indian and Asian continents.
The Cuonadong dome,one of the North Himalayan Gneiss Domes,has attracted great attention due to the discovery of super-large rare metal deposits. In this paper,we conduct petrological,phase equilibrium model and zircon U-Pb chronological study for the garnet-staurolite-kyanite mica schist from the core of the Cuonadong dome. The obtained results provide important constraints on the genesis and mineralization of the dome. Petrological study indicates that the meta-pelitic schist has a mineral assemblage of garnet+ kyanite + staurolite + muscovite + plagioclase + quartz + ilmenite + rutile,typical of medium-pressure amphibolite-facies rock. Phase equilibria modeling reveals that the schist has metamorphic conditions of 670℃ and 9. 0 kbar,and did not experienced partial melting.Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the metamorphism of the schist initiated at ～ 47 Ma,and lasted to ～ 29 Ma,indicating a long-lived metamorphic process of ca. 20 Myr. Combining with available studies,we believe that the Cuonadong dome has similar genesis to other domes in the North Himalaya. The intermediate-grade metamorphic rocks in the dome core,representing the upper structural level of the Greater Himalayan Crystallization Sequence,was formed during the shallow subduction of the Indian continent beneath the Asian continent. Leucogranites in the dome core were derived from partial melting of the high-pressure and high-temperature granulites of the lower structural level of the Greater Himalayan Crystallization Sequence,and experienced high degree of fractional crystallization. In addition,the present study provides further information of the timing and nature of the collision between Indian and Asian continents.
引文
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