温度诱导相变对黄铜矿生物浸出的影响（英文）
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摘要
研究黄铜矿的相变及其相态对细菌浸出的影响。在高纯氩气的保护下,将天然黄铜矿加热到不同的温度(203、382和552°C)以完成相变。并将黄铜矿在相变前后进行生物浸出实验。结果表明,在203°C和382°C加热的黄铜矿仍处于α相区,而在552°C下黄铜矿由α相转变为β相,3种不同温度相变后的黄铜矿的浸出率分别为32.9%、40.5%和60.95%。黄铜矿晶格增大、晶格能降低,这是浸出率显著提高的根本原因。电化学实验表明,随着退火温度的升高,极化电阻降低,腐蚀电流密度增加;黄铜矿的氧化率越高,浸出率就越高。
The phase transformation of chalcopyrite and the effect of its phase status on bacterial leaching were studied. Under the protection of high-purity argon, different temperatures(203, 382 and 552 °C) were applied to natural chalcopyrite to complete the phase change. In addition, the chalcopyrite was bioleached before and after the phase change. The results show that the chalcopyrite heated at 203 and 382 °C remained in the α phase, whereas the chalcopyrite changed from α to β phase at 552 °C. The leaching rates of chalcopyrite after the phase transitions at 203, 382 and 552 °C were 32.9%, 40.5% and 60.95%, respectively. Further, the crystal lattice parameters of chalcopyrite increased and lattice energy decreased, which were the fundamental reasons for the significant increase in leaching rate. Electrochemical experiments demonstrated that with increasing annealing temperature, the polarization resistance decreased and corrosion current density increased. The higher the oxidation rate was, the higher the leaching rate was.
The phase transformation of chalcopyrite and the effect of its phase status on bacterial leaching were studied. Under the protection of high-purity argon, different temperatures(203, 382 and 552 °C) were applied to natural chalcopyrite to complete the phase change. In addition, the chalcopyrite was bioleached before and after the phase change. The results show that the chalcopyrite heated at 203 and 382 °C remained in the α phase, whereas the chalcopyrite changed from α to β phase at 552 °C. The leaching rates of chalcopyrite after the phase transitions at 203, 382 and 552 °C were 32.9%, 40.5% and 60.95%, respectively. Further, the crystal lattice parameters of chalcopyrite increased and lattice energy decreased, which were the fundamental reasons for the significant increase in leaching rate. Electrochemical experiments demonstrated that with increasing annealing temperature, the polarization resistance decreased and corrosion current density increased. The higher the oxidation rate was, the higher the leaching rate was.
引文
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[14]ZHOU Shuang,GAN Min,ZHU Jian-yu,LI Qian,JIE Shi-qi,YANGBao-jun,LIU Xue-duan.Catalytic effect of light illumination on bioleaching of chalcopyrite[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,182:345-352.
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[16]ZHAO Hong-bo,WANG Jun,GAN Xiao-wen,ZHENG Xi-hua,TAO Lang,HU Ming-hao,LI Yi-ni,QIN Wen-qing,QIU Guan-zhou.Effects of pyrite and bornite on bioleaching of two different types of chalcopyrite in the presence of Leptospirillum ferriphilum[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,194:28-35.
[17]DONG Ying-bo,LIN Hai,FU Kai-bin,XU Xiao-fang,ZHOUShan-shan.Bioleaching of two different types of chalcopyrite by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy,and Materials,2013,20(2):119-124.
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[21]GóMEZ C,FIGUEROA M,MU?OZ J,BLáZQUEZ M L,BALLESTER A.Electrochemistry of chalcopyrite[J].Hydrometallurgy,1996,43(43):331-344.
[22]ZENG Wei-ming,QIU Guan-zhou,ZHOU Hong-bo,CHEN Miao.Electrochemical behaviour of massive chalcopyrite electrodes bioleached by moderately thermophilic microorganisms at 48°C[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,105(3-4):259-263.
[23]SAUBER M,DIXON D G.Electrochemical study of leached chalcopyrite using solid paraffin-based carbon paste electrodes[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,110(1-4):1-12.
[24]MU?OZ J A,BLáZQUEZ M L,GONZáLEZ F,BALLESTER A,ACEVEDO F,GENTINA J C,GONZáLEZ P.Electrochemical study of enargite bioleaching by mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms[J].Hydrometallurgy,2006,84(3):175-186.
[25]QIN Wen-qing,YANG Cong-ren,LAI Shao-shi,WANG Jun,LIUKai,ZHANG Bo.Bioleaching of chalcopyrite by moderately thermophilic microorganisms[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,129(Complete):200-208.
[2]CóRDOBA E M,MU?OZ J A,BLáZQUEZ M L,GONZáLEZ F,BALLESTER A.Leaching of chalcopyrite with ferric ion.Part I:General aspects[J].Hydrometallurgy,2008,93(3-4):81-87.
[3]LI Y,KAWASHIMA N,LI J,CHANDRA A P,GERSON A R.Areview of the structure,and fundamental mechanisms and kinetics of the leaching of chalcopyrite[J].Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,2013,197-198:1-32.
[4]EDELBRO R,SANDSTR?M?,PAUL J.Full potential calculations on the electron band structures of sphalerite,pyrite and chalcopyrite[J].Applied Surface Science,2003,206(1-4):300-313.
[5]POPOV V V,KIZHAEV S A,RUD Y V.Magnetic and thermal properties of Cu Fe S2 at low temperatures[J].Physics of the Solid State,2011,53(1):71-75.
[6]HALL S R,STEWART J M.The crystal structure refinement of chalcopyrite,Cu Fe S2[J].Acta Crystallographica,1973,29(3):579-585.
[7]BALá?P,TKá?OVáK,AVVAKUMOV E G.The effect of mechanical activation on the thermal decomposition of chalcopyrite[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,1989,35(5):1325-1330.
[8]JOH V,HILLER E,PROBSTHAIN K.Thermische und r?ntgenographische Untersuchungen am Kupferkies[J].Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie,1956,108(1-2):108-129.(in German)
[9]THIRD K A,CORD-RUWISCH R,WATLING H R.The role of iron-oxidizing bacteria in stimulation or inhibition of chalcopyrite bioleaching[J].Hydrometallurgy,2000,57(3):225-233.
[10]PETERSEN J,DIXON D G.Competitive bioleaching of pyrite and chalcopyrite[J].Hydrometallurgy,2006,83(1-4):40-49.
[11]MORIN D,PINCHES T,HUISMAN J,FRIAS C,NORBERG A,FORSSBERG E.Progress after three years of Bio Min E-Research and technological development project for a global assessment of biohydrometallurgical processes applied to European non-ferrous metal resources[J].Hydrometallurgy,2008,94(1):58-68.
[12]BALá?P,KUPKA D,BASTL Z,ACHIMOVI?OVáM.Combined chemical and bacterial leaching of ultrafine ground chalcopyrite[J].Hydrometallurgy,1996,42(2):237-244.
[13]SATO H,NAKAZAWA H,KUDO Y.Effect of silver chloride on the bioleaching of chalcopyrite concentrate[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2000,59(1):17-24.
[14]ZHOU Shuang,GAN Min,ZHU Jian-yu,LI Qian,JIE Shi-qi,YANGBao-jun,LIU Xue-duan.Catalytic effect of light illumination on bioleaching of chalcopyrite[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,182:345-352.
[15]HIROYOSHI N,ARAI M,MIKI H,TSUNEKAWA M,HIRAJIMAT.A new reaction model for the catalytic effect of silver ions on chalcopyrite leaching in sulfuric acid solutions[J].Hydrometallurgy,2002,63(3):257-267.
[16]ZHAO Hong-bo,WANG Jun,GAN Xiao-wen,ZHENG Xi-hua,TAO Lang,HU Ming-hao,LI Yi-ni,QIN Wen-qing,QIU Guan-zhou.Effects of pyrite and bornite on bioleaching of two different types of chalcopyrite in the presence of Leptospirillum ferriphilum[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,194:28-35.
[17]DONG Ying-bo,LIN Hai,FU Kai-bin,XU Xiao-fang,ZHOUShan-shan.Bioleaching of two different types of chalcopyrite by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans[J].International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy,and Materials,2013,20(2):119-124.
[18]MACLEAN W H,CABRI L J,GILL J E.Exsolution products in heated chalcopyrite[J].Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,1972,9(10):1305-1317.
[19]VOROB'YEV Y K,BORISOVSKIY S Y.Phase transformation and composition of chalcopyrite[J].International Geology Review,1981(9):1023-1036.
[20]SHIMA H.Studies on chalcopyrite(I):Transformation and dissociation of chalcopyrite heated in argon atmosphere[J].Journal of the Japanese Association of Mineralogists,Petrologists and Economic Geologists,1962,47(4):123-133.
[21]GóMEZ C,FIGUEROA M,MU?OZ J,BLáZQUEZ M L,BALLESTER A.Electrochemistry of chalcopyrite[J].Hydrometallurgy,1996,43(43):331-344.
[22]ZENG Wei-ming,QIU Guan-zhou,ZHOU Hong-bo,CHEN Miao.Electrochemical behaviour of massive chalcopyrite electrodes bioleached by moderately thermophilic microorganisms at 48°C[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,105(3-4):259-263.
[23]SAUBER M,DIXON D G.Electrochemical study of leached chalcopyrite using solid paraffin-based carbon paste electrodes[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,110(1-4):1-12.
[24]MU?OZ J A,BLáZQUEZ M L,GONZáLEZ F,BALLESTER A,ACEVEDO F,GENTINA J C,GONZáLEZ P.Electrochemical study of enargite bioleaching by mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms[J].Hydrometallurgy,2006,84(3):175-186.
[25]QIN Wen-qing,YANG Cong-ren,LAI Shao-shi,WANG Jun,LIUKai,ZHANG Bo.Bioleaching of chalcopyrite by moderately thermophilic microorganisms[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,129(Complete):200-208.
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