新疆塔尔朗沟剖面中二叠统扇三角洲混合沉积特征及模式
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摘要
在精细测量和详细观察新疆塔尔朗沟剖面二叠系露头的基础上,系统研究了中二叠统大河沿组与塔尔朗组扇三角洲相内陆源碎屑与碳酸盐组分的混合沉积特征。结果表明:大河沿组以扇三角洲平原分流河道沉积为主,其下部主要发育棕红色含粗砾中砾岩,碳酸盐组分不发育;上部主要发育棕红色含中砾细砾岩,夹若干层条带状分布的砾质泥晶灰岩。塔尔朗组底部自下而上发育扇三角洲前缘水下分流河道与水下分流间湾。水下分流河道为底凸顶平的砂砾岩体,下部发育灰绿色含中砾细砾岩夹含砾泥晶灰岩,灰岩呈断续条带状分布,横向延伸距离较小;上部发育灰绿色细砾岩夹含砾泥晶灰岩,灰岩在横向上的延伸距离较大。水下分流间湾以灰绿色泥岩和层状含砂泥晶灰岩为主,灰岩在横向上分布较稳定。结合前人在研究区中二叠世古气候、沉积环境等方面的认识,进一步建立了扇三角洲混合沉积模式。
Based on careful measurement and detailed observation of the Permian outcrop of the Taerlanggou profile in Xinjiang province,the mixed sedimentary characteristics of the land debris and carbonate components in the delta facies of Permian Daheyan Formation and Taerlang Formation were systematically studied. Daheyan Formation consists mainly of fan delta plain distributary channel sediments. At its base it is mainly brownish-red medium conglomerate with coarse gravel,and carbonate components are rarely found. At the top it is mainly brownish-red fine conglomerate and medium gravel,mixed with many gravelly micrite bands. The Taerlang Formation was a fan delta front underwater distributary channel and underwater bay between the channels from the base bottom upwards. The underwater distributary channel,a glutenite convex at the bottom and flat-topped,developed a grayish-green fine conglomerate with medium gravel and gravelly micrite in discontinuous bands of short extent at the bottom,but extending a long distance horizontally at the top. The underwater bay between the distributary channels mainly developed a grayishgreen mudstone and layered sandy micrite distributed evenly in all horizontal directions. In combination with previous studies of the Middle Permian paleoclimate,sedimentary environment and other aspects of the study area,the mixed sedimentary model of the fan delta was established.
Based on careful measurement and detailed observation of the Permian outcrop of the Taerlanggou profile in Xinjiang province,the mixed sedimentary characteristics of the land debris and carbonate components in the delta facies of Permian Daheyan Formation and Taerlang Formation were systematically studied. Daheyan Formation consists mainly of fan delta plain distributary channel sediments. At its base it is mainly brownish-red medium conglomerate with coarse gravel,and carbonate components are rarely found. At the top it is mainly brownish-red fine conglomerate and medium gravel,mixed with many gravelly micrite bands. The Taerlang Formation was a fan delta front underwater distributary channel and underwater bay between the channels from the base bottom upwards. The underwater distributary channel,a glutenite convex at the bottom and flat-topped,developed a grayish-green fine conglomerate with medium gravel and gravelly micrite in discontinuous bands of short extent at the bottom,but extending a long distance horizontally at the top. The underwater bay between the distributary channels mainly developed a grayishgreen mudstone and layered sandy micrite distributed evenly in all horizontal directions. In combination with previous studies of the Middle Permian paleoclimate,sedimentary environment and other aspects of the study area,the mixed sedimentary model of the fan delta was established.
引文
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[8]谭梦琪，刘自亮，沈芳，等.四川盆地回龙地区下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段混积岩特征及模式[J].沉积学报，2016,34(3):571-581.[Tan Mengqi, Liu Ziliang, Shen Fang,et al. Features and model of mixed sediments of Da’anzhai member in Lower Jurassic Ziliujing Formation,Huilong area,Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2016,34(3):571-581.]
[9]谭先锋，王萍，王佳，等.早始新世极热气候时期咸化湖盆混合沉积作用：以渤海湾盆地东营凹陷孔店组为例[J].石油与天然气地质，2018,39(2):340-354.[Tan Xianfeng,Wang Ping,Wang Jia,et al. Mixed sedimentation in saline lacustrine basins during initial Eocene thermal maximum period:A case study on Kongdian Formation in Dongying Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2018,39(2):340-354.]
[10]董桂玉，陈洪德，李君文，等.环渤海湾盆地寒武系混合沉积研究[J].地质学报，2009,83(6):800-811.[Dong Guiyu, Chen Hongde, Li Junwen, et al. The Cambrian mixed sedimentation around Bohai Sea Bay Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(6):800-811.]
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[12]鄢继华，邓远，蒲秀刚，等.渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段细粒混合沉积岩特征及控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质，2017,38(1):98-109.[Yan Jihua,Deng Yuan,Pu Xiugang,et al. Characteristics and controlling factors of finegrained mixed sedimentary rocks from the 2nd member of Kongdian Formation in the Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(1):98-109.]
[13]杨永剑，刘家铎，田景春，等.塔里木盆地上奥陶统桑塔木组混合沉积特征及控制因素[J].地质论评，2011,57(2):185-192.[Yang Yongjian,Liu Jiaduo,Tian Jingchun,et al. Mixed sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of Upper Ordovician Sangtamu Formation in Tarim Basin[J]. Geological Review,2011,57(2):185-192.]
[14]陈世悦，毕明威，孙娇鹏，等.柴北缘上古生界混合沉积特征及控制因素[J].地质通报，2016,35(2/3):282-292.[Chen Shiyue, Bi Mingwei, Sun Jiaopeng, et al.Mixed sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of Upper Paleozoic group in northern Qaidam Basin[J]. Geological Bulletin of China,2016,35(2/3):282-292.]
[15]魏小洁，马寅生，李宗星，等.柴达木盆地北缘上石炭统碎屑岩：碳酸盐岩高频转换过程及驱动机制[J].古地理学报，2018,20(3):409-422.[Wei Xiaojie,Ma Yinsheng,Li Zongxing,et al. High-frequency alternations and driving mechanisms of clastic-carbonate successions in the Upper Carboniferous,northern Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2018,20(3):409-422.]
[16]马伯永，王训练，李尚林，等.羌塘盆地东部中侏罗统混合沉积体系研究[J].中国地质，2012,39(2):390-399.[Ma Boyong,Wang Xunlian,Li Shanglin,et al. A study of the Middle Jurassic mixed siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary system in the eastern part of the Qiangtang Basin,Tibet[J]. Geology in China,2012,39(2):390-399.]
[17]王越，张奎华，林会喜，等.博格达山周缘芦草沟组混合沉积控制因素及模式[J].新疆石油地质，2017,38(6):686-692.[Wang Yue, Zhang Kuihua, Lin Huixi, et al.Controlling factors and model of mixed deposits of Lucaogou Formation on the periphery of Bogda Mountain[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(6):686-692.]
[18] Wartes M A,Carroll A R,Greene T J. Permian sedimentary record of the Turpan-Hami basin and adjacent regions,northwest China:Constraints on postamalgamation tectonic evolution[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin,2002,114(2):131-152.
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