南羌塘坳陷扎仁地区中侏罗统布曲组晶粒白云岩成因分析
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摘要
以青藏高原南羌塘坳陷扎仁地区中侏罗统布曲组晶粒白云岩为对象对其进行成因的研究。通过显微镜观察、流体包裹体数据以及碳氧同位素分析,认为研究区白云岩可分为细粉晶白云岩、中晶白云岩以及粗晶白云岩,在裂隙附近还广泛发育晶粒较粗大的鞍形白云石。白云石中流体包裹体均一温度在150.2～216.0℃,盐度均值达到了24.5%NaCl,远高于方解石包裹体均一温度与盐度,表明白云石的形成经历了高温高盐度的过程。白云石碳氧同位素分析显示其δ~(13)C_(PDB)值为-0.01‰～3.43‰,δ~(18)O_(PDB)值为-11.17‰～-7.68‰,通过白云石-水氧同位素分馏方程得到白云化流体的δ~(18)O_(SMOW)值为4.82‰～12.85‰,δ~(13)C_(PDB)对比认为白云石受寄主灰岩环境的影响。通过碳氧同位素数据对比以及前人的研究结果,认为研究区白云岩为相对封闭环境下受岩浆活动加热的高盐度流体对寄主灰岩交代的产物,高盐度流体由于镁离子的消耗导致流体对方解石过饱和,继而沉淀了高温的方解石。因此,热液活动对研究区中侏罗统布曲组白云岩的发育具有重要意义,值得加强对这一方向的探索研究。
The genetic mechanism of dolomite of the Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in the Qiangtang depression was studied by using microscopy, fluid Inclusion data, and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis. The results show that the dolomites in the study area can be divided into fine-powdery dolomite, medium dolomite and coarse dolomite according to grain size. Dolomite generally has a fogged center and clear margin structure, in the cracks near the extensive development of grained saddle dolomite. Fluid inclusions in the dolomite have homogenization temperature ranging between 150.2 and 216.0℃ and average salinity of 24.5% NaCl, much higher than the homogenization temperature and salinity of fluid inclusions in calcite, indicating a high temperature and high salinity diagenetic environment. The isotopic analysis shows that δ~(13)C_(PDB) values vary from -0.01‰ to 3.43‰, and δ~(18)O_(PDB) values vary from-11.17‰ to -7.68‰; according to the dolomite-fluid oxygen isotope fractionation equation, the δ~(18)O_(SMOW) values of dolomitization fluid are in the range of 4.82‰ -12.85‰, It is believed that the matrix dolomite and the saddle dolomite that are filled in the pores in the study area are the products of host limestone altered by the high salinity fluid heated by the magma activity in a close environment, while the high salinity fluid due to the consumption of magnesium ions led to over-saturation of fluid calcite and then to the precipitation if high-temperature calcite. Therefore, hydrothermal activity was very significant for the development of dolomite of the Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in the study area.
The genetic mechanism of dolomite of the Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in the Qiangtang depression was studied by using microscopy, fluid Inclusion data, and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis. The results show that the dolomites in the study area can be divided into fine-powdery dolomite, medium dolomite and coarse dolomite according to grain size. Dolomite generally has a fogged center and clear margin structure, in the cracks near the extensive development of grained saddle dolomite. Fluid inclusions in the dolomite have homogenization temperature ranging between 150.2 and 216.0℃ and average salinity of 24.5% NaCl, much higher than the homogenization temperature and salinity of fluid inclusions in calcite, indicating a high temperature and high salinity diagenetic environment. The isotopic analysis shows that δ~(13)C_(PDB) values vary from -0.01‰ to 3.43‰, and δ~(18)O_(PDB) values vary from-11.17‰ to -7.68‰; according to the dolomite-fluid oxygen isotope fractionation equation, the δ~(18)O_(SMOW) values of dolomitization fluid are in the range of 4.82‰ -12.85‰, It is believed that the matrix dolomite and the saddle dolomite that are filled in the pores in the study area are the products of host limestone altered by the high salinity fluid heated by the magma activity in a close environment, while the high salinity fluid due to the consumption of magnesium ions led to over-saturation of fluid calcite and then to the precipitation if high-temperature calcite. Therefore, hydrothermal activity was very significant for the development of dolomite of the Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in the study area.
引文
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Liu Jianqing,Chen Wenbin,Yang Ping,Chen Wenxi,Fu Xiugeng.2008.The Longeni-Angdanrco paleo-oil dolomite geochemical characteristics in southern part of the central uplift zone of Qiangtang Basin and its significance[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,24(6):1379-1389.
Liu Jianqing,Jia Baojiang,Yang Ping,Chen Wenxi,Fu Xiugeng.2008.Characteristics of the paleo-oil dolomite REE geochemistry of Buqu Formation in southern part of the central uplift zone of Qiangtang Basin and its significance[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,26(1):28-38(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Jianqing,Yang Ping,Chen Wenbin,Chen Wenxi,Fu Xiugeng.2010.The characteristics of Longeni-Angdanrco paleo-oil dolomite in southern part of the central uplift zone of Qiangtang Basin and its forming mechanism[J].Earth Science Frontiers,17(1):311-321(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lei Hejin,Li Guorong,Gao Yuwei,Zhou Jiling,Feng Yingying.2016.Geochemical characteristics and generation mechanism of cambrian dolomite in the south of Sichuan Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,31(3):39-47(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Fengjie,Du Lingchun,Zhao Junxing,Li Yuegang,Xiang Fang,Li Fuping.2016.Dolomite genesis in Member Ma55 of Majiagou Formation,Sudong area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica.,37(3):328-338(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Xiaoning,Huang Sijing,Huang Shuguang,Huang Keke,Yuan Tao,Luo Wen.2016.Petrologic and geochemical characteristics and the origin of dolomites in the Qixia Formation in Nanjiang county of the Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&experiment,38(2):251-258(in Chinese with English abstract).
Meng Sen,Zhou Jingao,Yangliu,Hao Yi,Lou Xue.2017.Genesis of medium-coarse crystalline dolomite of middle Permian Qixia Formation,Western Sichuan[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,22(1):75-83(in Chinese with English abstract).
Shackleton N J.1976.Paleotemperature history of the Cenozoic and the initiation of Antarctic glaciation:Oxygen and carbon isotope analyses in DSDP sites[J].Ligament Balancing,277,279,and 281.
Taylor H P J.1997.Oxygen and hydrogen isotope relationships in hydrothermal mineral deposits[J].Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits,229-302.
Tan Fuwen,Wang Jian,Wang Xiaolong,Du Bowei.2004.Analysis of carbon oxygen isotope composition and sedimentary environment of the Yanshiping area of the Qiangtang Basin in Middle-Late Jurassic[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,25(2):119-126(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Chengshan,Yi Haisheng.2001.Geologic Evolution and Hydrocarbon Assessment of Qiangtang Basin in Xizang[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,183-223(in Chinese).
Wang Jian,Ding Jun,Wang Chengshan,Tan Fuwen.2009.Investigation and Evaluation of Strategic Constituents of Oil and Gas Resources in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,19-25(in Chinese).
Wang Jian,Fu Xiugen.2018.Sedimentary evolution of the Qiangtang Basin[J].Geology in China,45(2):237-259(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wan Youli,Wang Jian,Tan Fuwen,Fu Xiugeng,Wang Zhongwei.2017.Dolomite reservoir formarion mechanism and evolution feature of the Buqu formation in the Long’eni-Angdaerco area,Qiangtang basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,41(3):21-33(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xia Guoqing,Yi Haisheng,Li Gaojie,Jin Feng,Ji Changjun,Li Qilai.2017.Characteristics and evolution of oil reservoir zones of Buqu Formation in the southern Qiangtang Depression[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,29(1):90-96(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yi Haisheng,Gao Chunwen,Zhang Xiaoqing,Lin Jinhui.2004.Microscopic diagenetic fabrics of dolomite reservoir from Shuanghu paleo-oil pool of Qiangtang basin and its petroleum exploration implications[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),31(6):611-615(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yi Haisheng,Chen Zhiyong,Ji Changjun,Yang Xiaoping,Xia Guoqing.2014.New evidence for deep burial origin of sucrosic dolomites from Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in southern Qiangtang Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,30(3):737-746(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Juntao,Hu Wenxuan,Wang Xiaolin,Qian Yixiaong,Wu Shixiang.2011.Charater and origin of Cambrian hydrothermal dolomite conglomeration in the northwestern margin of Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,85(2):234-245(in Chinese with English abstract).
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