柴北缘东部北大滩地区中侏罗统石门沟组控煤因素
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摘要
青海省北大滩地区煤炭勘查工作的关键是沉积期的聚煤环境和沉积前后构造作用对煤层赋存的控制作用。为明确柴北缘东部北大滩地区石门沟组的控煤因素,有效指导该含煤区的煤炭勘查工作,基于野外露头、钻孔、地球物理勘探等地质资料,在分析北大滩地区石门沟组聚煤环境和构造作用的基础上,从聚煤环境、古隆起和断裂、向斜等方面深入探讨了石门沟组的控煤因素。其中,扇三角洲平原分流河道间的泥炭沼泽和滨湖环境的滨湖沼泽是有利的成煤环境,控制着煤层横向发育、分布特征;古隆起控制着有利聚煤区和煤层分布区;北大滩向斜内部次级背斜和逆断层的上盘控制着煤层埋藏深度,煤层埋藏浅降低了后期煤炭勘查的难度。
The key of the coal exploration in Beidatan area of Qinghai Province is the coal accumulation environment in the sedimentary period and the control of coal seam occurrence by tectonic action before and after sedimentation. To identify Shimengou Formation coal controlling factors in Beidatan area, east part of the northern Qaidam basin, effectively guide the coal exploration of the coal bearing area, through field outcrops, drilling, geophysical prospecting and other geological information system, based on the analysis of coal accumulating environment and structural function of Shimengou Formation in Beidatan area, the control factors of coal were deeply discussed from coal accumulation environment, paleo-uplift, fault and syncline. Among them, the peat marshes and lakeside marshes between distributary channels in fan delta plain were favorable coal-forming environments, which controlled the transverse development and distribution of coal seams; the paleo-uplift controled the favorable coal-accumulating area and coalbed distribution area; the upper wall of the secondary anticline and reverse fault in the Beidatan syncline controlled the burial depth of coal seams. Shallow burial depth of coal seams reduced the difficulties in later coal exploration.
The key of the coal exploration in Beidatan area of Qinghai Province is the coal accumulation environment in the sedimentary period and the control of coal seam occurrence by tectonic action before and after sedimentation. To identify Shimengou Formation coal controlling factors in Beidatan area, east part of the northern Qaidam basin, effectively guide the coal exploration of the coal bearing area, through field outcrops, drilling, geophysical prospecting and other geological information system, based on the analysis of coal accumulating environment and structural function of Shimengou Formation in Beidatan area, the control factors of coal were deeply discussed from coal accumulation environment, paleo-uplift, fault and syncline. Among them, the peat marshes and lakeside marshes between distributary channels in fan delta plain were favorable coal-forming environments, which controlled the transverse development and distribution of coal seams; the paleo-uplift controled the favorable coal-accumulating area and coalbed distribution area; the upper wall of the secondary anticline and reverse fault in the Beidatan syncline controlled the burial depth of coal seams. Shallow burial depth of coal seams reduced the difficulties in later coal exploration.
引文
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[2]赵明胜，田景春，张翔.构造作用与沉积环境对聚煤作用的地质约束：以柴北缘东部北大滩地区侏罗系石门沟组为例[J].新疆地质，2014,32(4):530-534.ZHAO Mingsheng,TIAN Jingchun,ZHANG Xiang.Geological constraints for coal accumulation by tectonism and sedimentary environment:A case study on Shimengou Formation of Jurassic of Beidatan area in the east of Qaidam northern margin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2014,32(4):530-534.
[3]张翔，田景春，李祥辉，等.陆相煤系聚煤环境及聚煤特征：以青海祁连山和柴北缘含煤区侏罗系为例[J].煤田地质与勘探，2009,37(6):1-4.ZHANG Xiang,TIAN Jingchun,LI Xianghui,et al.Coal-accumulating environments and characteristics of inland coal measures:A case study of Jurassic coal-bearing area in Qilian Mountains and north Qaidamu basin in Qinghai[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2009,37(6):1-4.
[4]张瑞刚，向晓军，程军，等.重庆地区煤田构造格局及控煤构造样式[J].煤田地质与勘探，2012,40(1):7-9.ZHANG Ruigang,XIANG Xiaojun,CHENG Jun,et al.Coalfield structural framework and coal controlling structure styles in Chongqing[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2012,40(1):7-9.
[5]范二平，杨智文，高宇平，等.宁武煤田北部构造特征及其控煤作用[J].煤田地质与勘探，2018,46(4):8-16.FAN Erping,YANG Zhiwen,GAO Yuping,et al.Tectonic characteristics and their control on coal in the north of Ningwu coalfield[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(4):8-16.
[6]惠博，伊海生，夏国清，等.柴达木盆地西部新生代沉积演化特征[J].中国地质，2011,38(5):1274-1281.HUI Bo,YI Haisheng,XIA Guoqing,et al.Characteristics of Cenozoic sedimentary evolution in western Qaidam basin[J].Geology of China,2011,38(5):1274-1281.
[7]曹代勇，占文锋，刘天绩，等.柴达木盆地北缘构造分区与煤系赋存特征[J].大地构造与成矿学，2007,31(3):322-327.CAO Daiyong,ZHAN Wenfeng,LIU Tianji,et al.Tectonic divisions and distribution rules for coal measures in northern Qaidam basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2007,31(3):322-327.
[8]王夏涛，付成铭，李海森.柴达木盆地北缘盆山耦合作用特征及砂岩型铀成矿远景分析[J].矿产与地质，2008,22(6):492-495.WANG Xiatao,FU Chengming,LI Haisen.Basin-mountain coupling characters of northern edge of Qaidam basin and the prospect area for sandstone-host U deposit[J].Mineral Resources and Geology,2008,22(6):492-495.
[9]鲁静，邵龙义，刘天绩，等.柴北缘鱼卡地区侏罗纪含煤地层层序地层学研究[J].煤田地质与勘探，2007,35(1):1-6.LU Jing,SHAO Longyi,LIU Tianji,et al.A sequence stratigraphic analysis of the Jurassic coal measures in Yuqia region of northern Qaidam basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2007,35(1):1-6.
[10]康志宏，周磊，任收麦，等.柴北缘中侏罗统大煤沟组七段泥页岩储层特征[J].地学前缘，2015,22(4):265-276.KANG Zhihong,ZHOU Lei,REN Shoumai,et al.Characteristics of shale of the 7th Member of the Middle Jurassic Dameigou Formation in northern Qaidam basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers(China University of Geosciences(Beijing);Peking University),2015,22(4):265-276.
[11]姚根顺，寿建峰，王少依，等.柴达木盆地石泉滩地区下侏罗统小煤沟组砂岩储层演化特征[J].石油与天然气地质，2007,28(3):377-383.YAO Genshun,SHOU Jianfeng,WANG Shaoyi,et al.Evolution of sandstone reservoirs in the Lower Jurassic Xiaomeigou Formation,Shiquantan area,Qaidam basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2007,28(3):377-383.
[12]谢庆宾，管守锐.从岩相古地理看柴达木盆地侏罗系的油气前景[J].古地理学报，2003,5(4):475-485.XIE Qingbin,GUAN Shourui.Hydrocarbon potential of the Jurassic in Qaidam basin from the view point of lithofacies palaeogeography[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2003,5(4):475-485.
[13]杨辰雨，田景春，陈磊，等.南祁连盆地侏罗系聚煤规律及煤层气分布特征研究[J].煤炭技术，2015,34(2):98-100.YANG Chenyu,TIAN Jingchun,CHEN Lei,et al.Coal accumulation and distribution characteristics of coalbed methane of Jurassic in southern Qilian basin[J].Coal Technology,2015,34(2):98-100.
[14]贾真.青海省乌兰县矿山地质构造特征及成矿规律研究[J].世界有色金属，2017(16):180-181.JIA Zhen.Study on geological structure characteristics and metallogenic regularity of Ulan County in Qinghai Province[J].Mineral resources,2017(16):180-181.
[15]赵国连，赵澄林，叶连俊.渤海湾盆地“四扇一沟”沉积体系及其油气意义[J].地质力学学报，2005,11(3):245-258.ZHAO Guolian,ZHAO Chenglin,YE Lianjun.Sedimentary system of“four fans and one channel”in the Bohai Gulf basin and its significance for petroleum exploration[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2005,11(3):245-258.
[16]NEMEC W.Coal correlations and intrabasinal subsidence:A new analytical perspective[C]//KLEINSPEHNK L,PAOLA C.New perspectives in basin analysis.New York:Springer-Verlag,1988:161-188.
[17]姜科庆，田继军，汪立今，等.准格尔盆地南缘西山窑组沉积特征及聚煤规律分析[J].现代地质，2010,24(6):1204-1212.JIANG Keqing,TIAN Jijun,WANG Lijin,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and coal-accumulation pattern of the Xishanyao Formation in southern margin area of Junggar basin[J].Geoscience,2010,24(6):1204-1212.
[18]彭雪峰，田继军，汪立今，等.新疆准噶尔盆地南缘八道湾组沉积特征与聚煤规律分析[J].中国地质，2010,37(6):1672-1681.PENG Xuefeng,TIAN Jijun,WANG Lijin,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and coal-accumulation pattern analysis of Badaowan Formation in southern margin of Junggar basin,Xinjiang[J].Geology in China,2010,37(6):1672-1681.
[19]李生峰.柴北缘牦牛山地区侏罗系聚煤规律及有利区预测[D].西安：西安科技大学，2017.
[20]党洪量，李永红.青海全吉山地区构造特征及其控煤作用[J].煤田地质与勘探，2017,45(4):1-6.DANG Hongliang,LI Yonghong.Structural features and coal-controlling effect in Quanji mountain area,Qinghai[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(4):1-6.
[21]徐凤银，尹成明，巩庆林，等.柴达木盆地中、新生代构造演化及其对油气的控制[J].中国石油勘探，2006(6):9-16.XU Fengyin,YIN Chengming,GONG Qinglin,et al.Mesozoic-Cenozoic structural evolution in Qaidam basin and its control over oil and gas[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2006(6):9-16.
[22]王信国，曹代勇，占文锋，等.柴达木盆地北缘中、新生代盆地性质及构造演化[J].现代地质，2006,20(4):592-596.WANG Xinguo,CAO Daiyong,ZHAN Wenfeng,et al.The Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin type and tectonic evolution in the northern margin region of Qaidam basin[J].Geoscience,2006,20(4):592-596.
[23]占文锋，林亮，孙红波，等.柴北缘含煤区构造演化与构造控煤作用[J].中国煤炭地质，2008,20(10):25-27.ZHAN Wenfeng,LIN Liang,SUN Hongbo,et al.Tectonic evolution and structural control of coal in northern margin of Qaidam basin coal-bearing zone[J].Coal Geology of China,2008,20(10):25-27.
[24]张晓翼，马丽，高阳.四股泉矿区推覆构造特征研究[J].煤炭技术，2018,37(2):120-123.ZHANG Xiaoyi,MA Li,GAO Yang.Study of nappe tectonic characteristics in Siguquan mining area[J].Coal Technology,2018,37(2):120-123.
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