南秦岭镇安西部钨矿集区控矿构造特征及找矿标志
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摘要
镇安西部钨矿集区位于南秦岭构造带,区内出露地层主要为古生代碳酸盐岩,岩浆岩主要为胭脂坝、懒板凳和四海坪花岗岩体。区内断裂发育,为钨矿成矿提供了导矿构造和容矿构造。近EW走向断裂破碎带内出现了典型的矽卡岩型钨矿化,此外NE-NNE走向的石英脉型钨矿化同样发育,二者共同构成了本区的主要钨钼矿化类型。通过对矿集区棋盘沟和核桃坪等典型钨矿床进行野外调查及室内研究,取得以下认识:(1)矿集区内控矿构造为近EW向与NE-NNE向2组不同方向的构造裂隙;(2)根据该区构造背景,矿集区内NE-NNE构造裂隙是晚印支—燕山期构造活动形成的,近EW向构造裂隙则主要是印支期构造活动形成的,相对于燕山期钨钼成矿期近EW向断裂为成矿前构造,而NE-NNE向断裂裂隙属于成矿期构造;(3)矿集区内钨矿化类型以热液石英脉型和矽卡岩型为主,其中石英脉型主要受NE-NNE向断裂及节理裂隙控制,矽卡岩型主要受近EW向断裂破碎带控制。
The western tungsten deposit area of Zhen'an is located in the south Qinling tectonic belt.The main exposed strata in the area are Paleozoic carbonate rocks. The magmatic rocks are mainly rouge dams,lazy benches and Sihaiping granite bodies. The fault development in the area provides a ore-conducting and orebearing structure for the tungsten ore formation in the area.The skarn-type tungsten mineralization occurred in the near EW strike fracture zone. In addition,the NE-NNE-oriented quartz vein-type tungsten mineralization also developed,which together constitute the main tungsten-molybdenum mineralization type in this area.This paper mainly conducts field investigation and indoor research on typical tungsten deposits such as Qipangou and Hetaoping in the mining area,and has obtained the following knowledge:(1)The ore-controlling structure in the ore-concentrating area is a tectonic fracture in two different directions from the EW and the NE-NNE direction.(2)According to the tectonic background of the area,the tectonic fractures in the NE-NNE of the oreconcentrating area are formed by the Late Indosinian-Yanshanian tectonic activities,and the near-east tectonic fractures are mainly formed by the Indosinian tectonic activities. Compared with the Yanshanian tungstenmolybdenum ore-forming period,the near-east-west fault is a pre-mineral structure,while the NE-NNE fault fracture belongs to the metallogenic structure.(3)The type of tungsten mineralization in the ore-concentrating area is mainly composed of hydrothermal quartz vein type and fault-controlled skarn type.The quartz vein type is mainly controlled by the NE-NNE fault and joint fissures,and the skarn type is mainly controlled by the neareast-west fault fracture zone.
The western tungsten deposit area of Zhen'an is located in the south Qinling tectonic belt.The main exposed strata in the area are Paleozoic carbonate rocks. The magmatic rocks are mainly rouge dams,lazy benches and Sihaiping granite bodies. The fault development in the area provides a ore-conducting and orebearing structure for the tungsten ore formation in the area.The skarn-type tungsten mineralization occurred in the near EW strike fracture zone. In addition,the NE-NNE-oriented quartz vein-type tungsten mineralization also developed,which together constitute the main tungsten-molybdenum mineralization type in this area.This paper mainly conducts field investigation and indoor research on typical tungsten deposits such as Qipangou and Hetaoping in the mining area,and has obtained the following knowledge:(1)The ore-controlling structure in the ore-concentrating area is a tectonic fracture in two different directions from the EW and the NE-NNE direction.(2)According to the tectonic background of the area,the tectonic fractures in the NE-NNE of the oreconcentrating area are formed by the Late Indosinian-Yanshanian tectonic activities,and the near-east tectonic fractures are mainly formed by the Indosinian tectonic activities. Compared with the Yanshanian tungstenmolybdenum ore-forming period,the near-east-west fault is a pre-mineral structure,while the NE-NNE fault fracture belongs to the metallogenic structure.(3)The type of tungsten mineralization in the ore-concentrating area is mainly composed of hydrothermal quartz vein type and fault-controlled skarn type.The quartz vein type is mainly controlled by the NE-NNE fault and joint fissures,and the skarn type is mainly controlled by the neareast-west fault fracture zone.
引文
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[16]王斌，张乐，王小平.南秦岭成矿带东段月坪钼矿地质特征分析[J].城市地理，2017(24):98-99.Wang Bin,Zhang Le,Wang Xiaoping.Geological charac‐teristics of Yueping molybdenum deposit in the eastern segment of the south Qinling metallogenic belt[J].City Geography,2017(24):98-99.
[17]吴闻人，戴仲和.陕西宁陕一带构造及其与成矿的关系[J].西北地质，1981(2):37-43.Wu Wenren,Dai Zhonghe.The structure of the Ningshan area in Shaanxi and its relationship with mineralization[J].Northwest Geology,1981(2):37-43.
[18]杨飞，熊荣贵，张明华，等.江西省大湖塘钨（钼、铜）矿集区成矿规律探讨[J].资源环境与工程，2016,30(1):47-54.Yang Fei,Xiong Ronggui,Zhang Minghua,et al.Metallo‐genic regularity of the Dahutang W-Mo-Cu metallogenic zone,Jiangxi Province[J].Resources,Environment and Engineering,2016,30(1):47-54.
[19]胡正华.赣东北朱溪钨多金属矿床形成条件与成矿规律[D].成都：成都理工大学，2015.Hu Zhenghua.The Formation Conditions and Metallogen‐ic Regularity of Zhuxi Tungsten Polymetallic Deposit in Northeast of Jiangxi Province[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.
[20]王剑辉.祁连山西段钨矿成矿地质条件与找矿方向研究[D].西安：长安大学，2005.Wang Jianhui.Study on Geological Conditions of Ore Forming and Directions of Ore Prospecting of Tungsten Ore Deposits in the Western Qilian Mountains[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2005.
[2]于恒彬.东秦岭宁陕-镇安一带晚印支-早燕山期构造-岩浆演化与金钼成矿特征分析[D].西安：长安大学，2013.Yu Hengbin.Analysis on Tectonic-Magmatic Evolution and Gold,Molybdenum Mineralization Characteristic of Late Triassic-Early Yanshanian in Ningshan-Zhen’an Ar‐ea,in East Qinling[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2013.
[3]陈衍景.秦岭印支期构造背景、岩浆活动及成矿作用[J].中国地质，2010,37(4):854-865.Chen Yanjing.Indosinian tectonic setting,magmatism and metallogenesis in Qinling orogen,central China[J].Geology of China,2010,37(4):854-865.
[4]王义忠，王得权，焦宏剑，等.杨泗庙-懒板凳钼钨矿成矿模式研究[J].世界有色金属，2017(17):154-157.Wang Yizhong,Wang Dequan,Jiao Hongjian,et al.Study on metallogenic model of the Yangsimiao-Lanbandeng molybdenum tungsten deposit[J].World Nonferrous Met‐als,2017(17):154-157.
[5]刘茜.陕西镇安钨矿床特征及成因研究[D].北京：中国地质大学（北京），2013.Liu Xi.The Characteristics and Genesis of Zhen’an Tung‐sten Deposit in Shaanxi Province[D].Beijing:China Uni‐versity of Geosciences(Beijing),2013.
[6]张拴厚，韩芳林，王根宝，等.秦岭造山带晋宁期加里东期板块汇聚及成矿关系[J].陕西地质，2010,28(2):1-10.Zhang Shuanhou,Han Fanglin,Wang Genbao,et al.Rela‐tionship between the convergency of the plates formed in the Jiningian and Caledonian periods and the metallogen‐esis in Qinling orogenic zone[J].Geology of Shaanxi,2010,28(2):1-10.
[7]王洁明，曹宏远，董苏庆，等.陕西镇安金盆钨矿床地质地球化学特征与矿床成因[J].科学技术与工程，2017,17(30):1-8.Wang Jieming,Cao Hongyuan,Dong Suqing,et al.Ge‐netic discussion and geological and characteristics of geo‐chemical of Jinpen tungsten deposit in Zhen’an,Shaanxi Province[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(30):1-8.
[8]周小康，杜少喜，刘向伟，等.陕西省镇安县桂林沟钼矿化花岗岩地质特征[J].陕西地质，2015,33(1):18-22.Zhou Xiaokang,Du Shaoxi,Liu Xiangwei,et al.Geolo‐gy of molybdenum mineralization granite in Guilingou of Zhen’an County,Shaanxi Province[J].Geology of Shaanxi,2015,33(1):18-22.
[9]毛景文，谢桂青，郭春丽，等.华南地区中生代主要金属矿床时空分布规律和成矿环境[J].高校地质学报，2008,14(4):510-526.Mao Jingwen,Xie Guiqing,Guo Chunli,et al.Spatialtemporal distribution of Mesozoic ore deposits in south China and their metallogenic settings[J].Geological Jour‐nal of China Universities,2008,14(4):510-526.
[10]康永孚，李崇佑.中国钨矿床地质特征、类型及其分布[J].矿床地质，1991,10(1):19-26.Kang Yongfu,Li Chongyou.Geological characteristics,types and distribution of tungsten deposits in China[J].Mineral Deposits,1991,10(1):19-26.
[11]毕承思.中国矽卡岩型白钨矿矿床成矿基本地质特征[J].中国地质科学院院报，1987,9(3):49-64.Bi Chengsi.Basic geological characteristics of skarn-type scheelite deposit in China[J].Journal of the Chinese Acad‐emy of Geological Sciences,1987,9(3):49-64.
[12]徐克勤，程海.中国钨矿形成的大地构造背景[J].地质找矿论丛，1987,2(3):1-7.Xu Keqin,Cheng Hai.Tectonic environment for the for‐mation of tungsten deposits in China[J].Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources,1987,2(3):1-7.
[13]彭恩生.不同类型脉状钨矿形成深度的探讨[C]//第一届高温高压岩石力学学术讨论会论文集.北京：中国岩石力学与工程学会高温高压岩石力学专业委员会、中国科学院地球物理研究所，1986.Peng Ensheng.Discussion on the formation depth of dif‐ferent types of vein-shaped tungsten deposits[C]//Pro‐ceedings of the First Symposium on High Temperature and High Pressure Rock Mechanics.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,High Temperature and High Pressure Rock Mechanics Com‐mittee,Institute of Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sci‐ences,1986.
[14]郭岐明，陈清敏，王强，等.陕西秦岭造山带中生代构造体制与成矿作用研究项目成果报告[R].西安：陕西地质调查研究院，2018.Guo Qiming,Chen Qingmin,Wang Qiang,et al.Project results report on the Mesozoic tectonic regime and miner‐alization research in the Qinling orogenic belt,Shaanxi Province[R].Xi’an:Shaanxi Institute of Geological Sur‐vey,2018.
[15]高云峰.陕西省镇安棋盘沟钨矿床地质特征[C]//第八届全国成矿理论与找矿方法学术讨论会论文摘要文集.西安：长安大学，2017.Gao Yunfeng.Geological characteristics of the Qipangou tungsten deposit in Zhen’an,Shaanxi Province[C]//Ab‐stract papers of the 8th National Conference on Mineral‐ization Theory and Prospecting Methods.Xi’an:Chang’an University,2017.
[16]王斌，张乐，王小平.南秦岭成矿带东段月坪钼矿地质特征分析[J].城市地理，2017(24):98-99.Wang Bin,Zhang Le,Wang Xiaoping.Geological charac‐teristics of Yueping molybdenum deposit in the eastern segment of the south Qinling metallogenic belt[J].City Geography,2017(24):98-99.
[17]吴闻人，戴仲和.陕西宁陕一带构造及其与成矿的关系[J].西北地质，1981(2):37-43.Wu Wenren,Dai Zhonghe.The structure of the Ningshan area in Shaanxi and its relationship with mineralization[J].Northwest Geology,1981(2):37-43.
[18]杨飞，熊荣贵，张明华，等.江西省大湖塘钨（钼、铜）矿集区成矿规律探讨[J].资源环境与工程，2016,30(1):47-54.Yang Fei,Xiong Ronggui,Zhang Minghua,et al.Metallo‐genic regularity of the Dahutang W-Mo-Cu metallogenic zone,Jiangxi Province[J].Resources,Environment and Engineering,2016,30(1):47-54.
[19]胡正华.赣东北朱溪钨多金属矿床形成条件与成矿规律[D].成都：成都理工大学，2015.Hu Zhenghua.The Formation Conditions and Metallogen‐ic Regularity of Zhuxi Tungsten Polymetallic Deposit in Northeast of Jiangxi Province[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015.
[20]王剑辉.祁连山西段钨矿成矿地质条件与找矿方向研究[D].西安：长安大学，2005.Wang Jianhui.Study on Geological Conditions of Ore Forming and Directions of Ore Prospecting of Tungsten Ore Deposits in the Western Qilian Mountains[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2005.
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