中国石炭纪综合地层和时间框架
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摘要
石炭纪共持续了60Myr,在地质年代表上起始于358.9Ma,结束于298.9Ma.按国际标准石炭系包含2个亚系6个统7个阶,其中3个阶的全球界线层型已经确立,包括杜内阶、维宪阶和巴什基尔阶; 4个阶的全球界线层型尚没有确立,分别是谢尔普霍夫阶、莫斯科阶、卡西莫夫阶和格舍尔阶.本文基于华南的材料,运用以生物地层学为基础的多重地层划分和对比方法,建立了中国石炭纪年代地层框架.通过高精度的生物地层学研究工作,中国的石炭纪地层中可识别出牙形刺化石带37个,有孔虫(包括?类)化石带24个,菊石动物化石带13个,腕足动物化石带10个,四射珊瑚化石带10个.通过这些化石带确立的生物地层格架,建立中国区域性的石炭系年代地层框架(包括2个亚系4个统8个阶),可以与全球其他地区的区域性年代地层框架进行精确对比.同时,中国在石炭纪化学地层、层序地层、旋回地层、事件地层等研究方向也取得了重要进展,可以和全球进行良好对比.中国石炭纪地层工作在未来的推进,应加强海洋浅水相与深水相、海相与陆相地层的对比;加强旋回地层的高分辨率天文年代标尺研究;加强石炭纪古环境和古气候研究,包括反映不同古环境指标的锶同位素、氧同位素的研究,以及保存的植物化石气孔指数的研究等.
引文
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