中国铼矿成矿规律和找矿方向研究
|
摘要
铼是重要的稀散元素,主要应用于国防和航空航天以及石油化工领域,具有不可替代性。但对中国铼矿尚未开展过系统的研究。本文通过对全国铼矿产资源勘查和科研成果的系统梳理,初步总结了中国铼矿的资源特征与成矿规律。研究认为,中国铼矿分布较广泛,具有较大的资源潜力和找矿前景。将中国铼矿划分为斑岩型、矽卡岩型、碳酸岩脉型等8种矿床类型,以斑岩型、矽卡岩型及其复合类型最为重要,占估算资源量的90%以上。铼成矿作用的时间跨度很大,从古元古代到新生代均有发育,以喜马拉雅期形成的资源量最多,次为燕山期、印支期和加里东期,呈现出越年轻铼越富集的趋势。将内生铼矿划分为25个成铼带,以冈底斯成铼带和东秦岭成铼带最重要。首次划分了铼矿的矿产预测类型,包括斑岩型、矽卡岩型、岩浆-热液脉型、陆相沉积型和海相沉积型5种类型,对每种预测类型的有利找矿区域进行了分析,指出了找矿方向,并对未来铼资源调查和产业发展提出了建议。
Rhenium is an important dispersed element, which is mainly applied in fields such as national defense, aerospace and petrochemical engineering. The key point is that of rhenium is irreplaceability in these fields. However, systematic research work of rhenium deposits in China has not been carried out so far. Based on the systematic review of rhenium mineral resources exploration and scientific research achievements in China, the resource characteristics and metallogenic regularity of rhenium deposits in China are preliminarily summarized, and guides to prospecting of rhenium deposits are discussed. According to this study, rhenium resources are widely distributed in China, with great resource potential and prospecting prospect. In this paper, rhenium deposits in China are divided into 8 types including porphyry type, skarn type, and carbonatite vein type and so on. Among them, porphyry type, skarn type and carbonatite vein type are the most important, accounting for more than 90% of the total estimated resources. The rhenium mineralization can be developed from the Paleoproterozoic to the Cenozoic. The resources formed in the Himalayan period are the largest, followed by the Yanshanian, Indosinian and Caledonian periods, appearing a trend that the younger the rhenium age is, the more resources the rhenium will be. The endogenous rhenium deposits are divided into 25 rhenium-forming belts, of which Gangdese rhenium-forming belt and eastern Qinling rhenium-forming belt are the most important. The prediction types of rhenium deposits are divided into 5 types including porphyry type, skarn type, magmatic hydrothermal vein type, continental sedimentary type and marine sedimentary type. The favorable ore-prospecting areas of each prediction type are analyzed, the guides to prospecting is pointed out, and the suggestions for future rhenium resources investigation and industry development are put forward.
Rhenium is an important dispersed element, which is mainly applied in fields such as national defense, aerospace and petrochemical engineering. The key point is that of rhenium is irreplaceability in these fields. However, systematic research work of rhenium deposits in China has not been carried out so far. Based on the systematic review of rhenium mineral resources exploration and scientific research achievements in China, the resource characteristics and metallogenic regularity of rhenium deposits in China are preliminarily summarized, and guides to prospecting of rhenium deposits are discussed. According to this study, rhenium resources are widely distributed in China, with great resource potential and prospecting prospect. In this paper, rhenium deposits in China are divided into 8 types including porphyry type, skarn type, and carbonatite vein type and so on. Among them, porphyry type, skarn type and carbonatite vein type are the most important, accounting for more than 90% of the total estimated resources. The rhenium mineralization can be developed from the Paleoproterozoic to the Cenozoic. The resources formed in the Himalayan period are the largest, followed by the Yanshanian, Indosinian and Caledonian periods, appearing a trend that the younger the rhenium age is, the more resources the rhenium will be. The endogenous rhenium deposits are divided into 25 rhenium-forming belts, of which Gangdese rhenium-forming belt and eastern Qinling rhenium-forming belt are the most important. The prediction types of rhenium deposits are divided into 5 types including porphyry type, skarn type, magmatic hydrothermal vein type, continental sedimentary type and marine sedimentary type. The favorable ore-prospecting areas of each prediction type are analyzed, the guides to prospecting is pointed out, and the suggestions for future rhenium resources investigation and industry development are put forward.
引文
Bernard A,Dumortier P.1986.Identification of natural rhenium sulfide (ReS2) in volcanic fumaroles from the Usu volcano,Hokkaido,Japan,in Imura,T.,Maruse,S.,and Suzuki,T.,eds.,Electron microscopy 1986—Proceedings of the XIth International Congress on Electron Microscopy,held in Kyoto,Japan,August 31-September 7,1986:Tokyo,Japan,Japanese Society of Electron Microscopy,p.1691～1692.
Bobrov,Alexander,Hurskiy,D.,Merkushyn,I.,Voloshyn,O.,Stepanyuk,L.,Lysenko,O,and Goshovski,S.,2008,The first occurrence of native rhenium in natural geological systems [abs.],in 33rd International Geological Congress,6～14 August 2008,Oslo,Norway (abstracts):International Geological Congress,33d,Oslo,Norway,2008,accessed February 11,2013,at http://www.cprm.gov.br/33IGC/1342433.html.
Cao Zhimin,Luo Yaonan,Wang Rucheng,Stein H.J.,Hannah J.L.,Markey R.J..2002.Geological characteristics and mineralization age of the sandstone type Re-Mo(-Os) mineral occurrence in Muchuan,Sichuan.Acta Geologica Sinica,76(1):95～99 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Dill,H.G.,2010.The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits:Mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium.Earth Science Reviews,100:1～420.
Du Andao,Qu Wenjun,Lichao,Yang Gang.2009.Areview on the development of Re-Os isotopic dating methods and techniques.Rock and Mineral Analysis,28(3):288～304 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Ekstrom,M.& Hálenius,U.1982.A new rheniumrich sulfide from two Swedish localities.N.Jb.Mineral Mh.,1,6～10.
Golden J,McMillan M,Downs R T,Hystad G,Goldstein I,Stein H J,Zimmerman A,Sverjensky D A,Armstrong J T,Hazen R M.2013.Rhenium variations in molybdenite (MoS2):Evidence for progressive subsurface oxidation.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,366:1～5.
Gong Yibin.2008.Description of Mo concentrate production and developing strategy of JCC Dexing new technonlogy company.Copper Engineering,98(04):18～20 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Gu Xuexiang,Wang Qian,Fu Shaohong,Tang Juxing.2004.Resources and environmental effects of abnormal enrichment of dispersed elements:research situation and tendency.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition),31(1):15～21 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Habashi,Fathi,1997,Rhenium seventy years old,in Byrskin,B.D.,ed.,1997,Rhenium and rhenium alloys—International Symposium on Rhenium and Rhenium Alloys,February 9～13,1997,Orlando,Fla.,Proceedings:Warrendale,Pa.,The Minerals,Metals & Materials Society,p.15～36.
Hu Ruizhong,Bi Xianwu,Su Wenchao,Ye Zaojun.1997.Some considerations on germanium mineralization in coal—as exemplified by Lincang germanium deposit.Acta Mineralogica Sinica,04:364～368 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Hu Ruizhong,Wen Hanjie,Su Wenchao,Peng Jiantang,Bi Xianwu,Chen Youwei.2014.Some Advances in Ore Deposit Geochemistry in Last Decade.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,33(02):127～144 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Huang Dianhao.2015.Discussion with Prof.Mao Jingwen on types,ore forming material source of some deposits and geological significance of rhenium content in molybdenite.Geological Review,61(5):990～1000 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Huang Fan,WangDenghong,Wang Chenghui,Chen Zhenghui,Yuan Zhongxin,Liu Xinxing.2014.Resources characteristics of molybdenum deposits and their regional metallogeny in China.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(12):2296～2314 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang Shaoping,Li Feng,Xiao Jingshan,Meng Fuqing,Liu Zhikui.2011.Rhenium resource in the porphyry molybdenum deposit at langchang laochang and its significance.Yunnan Metallurgy,40(4):7～12+56 (in Chinese with English abstract).
John D A,Seal R R,II and Polyak D E.2017.Rhenium,chap.P of Schulz,K.J.,DeYoung,J.H.,Jr.,Seal,R.R.,II,and Bradley,D.C.,eds.,Critical mineral resources of the United States—Economic and environmental geology and prospects for future supply:U.S.Geological Survey Professional Paper 1802,p.P1～P49,https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1802P.
Korzhinsky,M.A.,Tkachenko,S.I.,Shmulovich,K.I.,Taran,Y.A.,and Steinberg,G.S.,1994,Discovery of a pure rhenium mineral at Kudriavy volcano:Nature,v.369,no.6475,p.51～52.
Laznicka Peter.2014.Giant metallic deposits—A century of progress.Ore Geology Reviews 62:259～314.
Liu Yingjun,Cao Liming,Li Zhaolin,Wang Henian,Chu Tongqing,Zhang Jingrong.1984.element geochemistry.Beijing:Science Press,1～548 (in Chinese).
Luo Liping,Zhu Zhimin.2016.The Distribution of Rhenium in the Lala Copper Ore and Its Potential Significance of Resources.Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,4(4):27～30 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Mao Jingwen,Lehmann Bernd,Du Andao,Zhang Guangdi,Ma Dongsheng,Wang Yitian,Zeng Mingguo,Kerrich Robert.2002.Re-Os Dating of Polymetallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au Mineralization in Lower Cambrian Black Shales of South China and Its Geologic Significance.Economic Geology,97(05):1051～1061.
Mitchell,R.H.,Laflamme,J.H.G.,Cabri,L.J.1989.Rhenium sulfide from Coldwell complex.Northwestern Ontario,Canada.Miner.Mag.,53,635～637.
Peucker-Ehrenbrink B and Hannigan R E.2000.Effects of black shale weathering on the mobility of rhenium and platinum group elements,Geology,28:475～478.
Poplavko,E.M.,Marchukova,I.D.,Zak,S.S.1962.A rhenium mineral in the Dzhezkazgan deposit.Dokl Acad.Nauk SSSR,146(2),433～436.
Ren Deyi,Dai Shifeng.2009.Potential Coexisting and Associated Mineral Resources in Coal and Coal-bearing Strata-An Issue Should Pay Close Attention to.Coal Geology of China,21(10):1～4 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Tarekian M.,Housley R.M.,Volborth A,Greis O.,Moh G.H.1991.Unnamed Re-Mo-Cu sulfide from Stillwater complex,and crystal chemistry of its synthetic equivalent spinel type (Cu,Fe)(Re,Mo)4S8.European journal of mineralogy,3(6):977～982.
Tian Liqiang,Fan Shiyan,Wang Hongmei,Liu Songliang.2016.Study on enrichment of scattered rhenium in Xuchang coal mine in Jining city.Land and Resources in Shangdong Province,32(02):35～38 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Tu Guangchi,Gao Zhenmin,Hu Ruizhong,Zhang Qian,Li Chaoyang,Zhao Zhenhua,Zhang Baogui.2004.The geochemistry and ore-forming mechanism of the dispersed elements.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1～424 (in Chinese).
U.S.Geological Survey,2018,Mineral commodity summaries 2018:U.S.Geological Survey,200 p.,https://doi.org/10.3133/70194932.
U.S.Geological Survey.2019.Mineral commodity summaries 2019:U.S.Geological Survey,200 p.,https://doi.org/10.3133/70202434.
Vinogradov A.P.1962.Average concentration of chemical elements in the chief types of igneous rocks of the crust of the Earth.Geochemistry,7,555～571.
Vlasov K A.1966.Geochemistry and mineralogy of rare elements and genetic types of their deposits.Vol 2.Mineralogy of the rare elemeents,1～945.
Volborth A.Tarkian M,Stunmpfl E F and Houseley R M.1986.A survey of the Pd-t mineralization along the 35 km strike of the J.M.Reef,Stillwater complex,Montana.Can.Mineral.,24,329～346.
Voudouris Panagiotis,Melfos Vasilios,Spry Paul G.,Bindi Luca,Moritz Robert,Ortelli Melissa,Kartal Tamara.2013.Extremely Re-rich molybdenite from porphyry Cu-Mo-Au Prospects in northeastern Greece:mode of occurrence,causes of enrichment,and implications for gold exploration.Minerals,3,165～191;doi:10.3390/min3020165.
Wang Denghong,Chen Yuchuan,Xu Zhigang,Sheng Jifu,Zhu Mingyu,Liu Xifang,Zhang Changqing,Wang Chenghui,Wang Yonglei.2013b.Prediction Type of Mineral Resources and Its Application in the Assessment Work of Mineral Resources Potential.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),43(4):1092～1099 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,translation.1995.Volcanoes are purifiers of rare elements.Journal of Geoscience Translations,12(3):6 (in Chinese).
Wang Denghong,Wang Ruijiang,Li Jiankang,Zhao Zhi,Yu Yang,Dai Jingjing,Chen Zhenhui,Li Dexian,Qu Wenjun,Deng Maochun,Fu Xiaofang,Sun Yan,Zhen Guodong.2013a.The progress in the strategic research and survey of rare earth,rare metal and rare-scattered elements mineral resources.Geology in China,40(2):361～370 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,Wang Ruijiang,Sun Yan,Li Jiankang,Zhao Zhi,Zhao Ting,Qu Wenjun,Fu Xiaofang,Jiang Shanyuan,Huang Huagu,Feng Wenjie,Xu Ping,Li Shengmiao,Huang Xinpeng,Zhou Hui,Zhu Yongxin,Tu Qijun,Li Xinren,Fang Yiping,Zhou Yuanyuan.2016.A Review of Achievements in the Three-type Rare Mineral Resources (Rare Resources,Rare Earth and Rarely Scattered Resources) Survey in China.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,37(05):569～580 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang R J,Wang D H,Li J K,Sun Y,Li D X,Guo C L,Zhao Z,Yu Y,Huang F,Wang C H,Liu JJ,He H H,Zheng G D,Huang W B,Zhou Y Y,Li X M,Liu LJ,Cai X,Zhao T and Song Y.2015.Rare resources,rare earth and rarely scattered mineral resources and their exploitation and utilization.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1～429 (in Chinese).
Wang Zhengqi,Pan Jiayong,Cao Shuanglin,Guan Taiyang,Zhang Guoyu.2006.Super-enriching Mechanism of Disperse-elements Re and Se in Interlayer Oxidation—A Case Study of the Zhajistan Interlayer Oxidation Zone Sandstone-type Uranium Deposit,lli Basin,Xinjiang.Geological Review,52(3):358～362 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Xian,LiLaiping,Zhang Wenzheng,Zhang Xin.2008.Properties of rhenium and its resources distribution.Express Information of Mining Industry,475(11):67～69 (in Chinese).
Yang Minzhi.1983.New genetic types of rhenium deposits and their geological prospecting directions.Geology-geochemistry,01:13～14 (in Chinese).
Yang Minzhi.2000.Types of dispersed element deposits,metallogenic regularity and metallogenic prediction.Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry,19(04):381～383 (in Chinese).
Yang Minzhi.2006.Types of disperse element deposits and their ore-forming regularity and ore-searching and comprehensive utilization direction.Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,21(01):1～9 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Minzhi.2008.Division,distribution pattern of the disperse element ore deposits and the ore-searching and comprehensive utilization direction.Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,23(1):1～10 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Ying Lijuan,Chen Yuchuan,Wang Denghong,Tang Juxing,Chen Zhenghui,Wang Chenghui.2014.Metallogenic regularity of copper ore in China.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(12):2216～2226 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Jinyuan.2014.Geological features of re-polymetal-bearing sandstone in the Muchuan-Mabian region.Acta Geologica Sichuan,34(03):381～384 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Qian,LiuYuping,Ye Lin,Shao Shuxun.2008.Study on specialization of dispersed element mineralization.Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry,27(3):247～253 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Qian,Zhu Xiaoqing,GaoZhenmin,Pan Jiayong.2005.A review of enrichment and mineralization of the dispersed elements in China.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,24(4) 342～349 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Rubo,Gong Xiasheng,Zhou Zhendong,Fan Liangming,Shuai Dequan.1981.Muchuanite,a new water-bearing molybdenum sulphide mineral.Geochimica.02:120～127+210 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Yixia.1960.Geochemical of rhenium and genetic types of rhenium deposits.Journal of Chengdu College of Geology,(01):25～32 (in Chinese).
Zhou Lingzhi.1984.Develop the resource advantage of dissipated metal energetically of our country.Nonferrous Metals,06:21～23 (in Chinese).
Zhu Fohong,translation.2002.Rhenium in Marine phosphorus block rocks.Marine Geology Letters,18(2) 15～16 (in Chinese).
曹志敏,骆耀南,王汝成,Stein H J,Hannah J L,Markey R J.2002.沐川太平砂岩型铼钼(饿)矿点的地质特征和矿化时代.地质学报,76(01):95～99.
杜安道,屈文俊,李超,杨刚.2009.铼-锇同位素定年方法及分析测试技术的进展.岩矿测试,28(3):288～304.
龚益彬.2008.新技术公司钼精矿加工生产综述及发展对策.铜业工程,98(04):18～20.
顾雪祥,王乾,付绍洪,唐菊兴.2004.分散元素超常富集的资源与环境效应:研究现状与发展趋势.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),31(1):15～21.
胡瑞忠,毕献武,苏文超,叶造军.1997.对煤中锗矿化若干问题的思考——以临沧锗矿为例.矿物学报,04:364～368.
胡瑞忠,温汉捷,苏文超,彭建堂,毕献武,陈佑纬.2014.矿床地球化学近十年若干研究进展.矿物岩石地球化学通报,33(02):127～144.
黄典豪.2015.就若干矿床的类型、成矿物质来源及辉钼矿含铼量的地质意义等与毛景文研究员商榷.地质论评,61(05):990～1000.
黄凡,王登红,王成辉,陈郑辉,袁忠信,刘新星.2014.中国钼矿资源特征及其成矿规律概要.地质学报,88(12):2296～2314.
蒋绍平,李峰,肖静珊,蒙福清,刘志葵.2011.澜沧老厂斑岩钼矿中的徕及其资源意义.云南冶金,40(4):7～12+56.
刘英俊,曹励明,李兆麟,王鹤年,储同庆,张景荣.1984.元素地球化学.北京:科学出版社,1～548.
罗丽萍,朱志敏.2016.拉拉铜矿铼的分布和潜在资源利用意义.矿产综合利用,4(4):27～30.
任德贻,代世峰.2009.煤和含煤岩系中潜在的共伴生矿产资源——一个值得重视的问题.中国煤炭地质,21(10):1～4.
田立强,范士彦,王红梅,刘松良.2016.济宁许厂煤矿伴生分散元素铼的富集成矿探析.山东国土资源,32(02):35～38.
涂光炽,高振敏,胡瑞忠,张乾,李朝阳,赵振华,张宝贵.2004.分散元素地球化学及成矿机制.北京:地质出版社,1～424.
王登红,王瑞江,李建康,赵芝,于扬,代晶晶,陈郑辉,李德先,屈文俊,邓茂春,付小方,孙艳,郑国栋.2013.中国三稀矿产资源战略调查研究进展综述.中国地质,40(02):361～370.
王登红,王瑞江,孙艳,李建康,赵芝,赵汀,屈文俊,付小方,江善元,黄华谷,冯文杰,徐平,李胜苗,黄新鹏,周辉,朱永新,涂其军,李新仁,方一平,周园园.2016.我国三稀(稀有稀土稀散)矿产资源调查研究成果综述.地球学报,37(05):569～580.
王登红,陈毓川,徐志刚,盛继福,朱明玉,刘喜方,张长青,王成辉,王永磊.矿产预测类型及其在矿产资源潜力评价中的运用.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(4):1092～1099.
王登红,译.1995.火山是稀有元素的提纯者.地质科学译丛,12(3):6.
王瑞江,王登红,李建康,孙艳,李德先,郭春丽,赵芝,于扬,黄凡,王成辉,刘家军,何晗晗,郑国栋,黄文斌,周园园,李晓妹,刘丽君,蔡肖,赵汀,宋扬.2015.稀有稀土稀散矿产资源及其开发利用.北京:地质出版社,1～429.
王正其,潘家永,曹双林,管太阳,张国玉.2006.层间氧化带分散元素铼与硒的超常富集机制探讨——以伊犁盆地扎吉斯坦层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床为例.地质论评,52(03):358～362.
吴贤,李来平,张文钲,张新.2008.铼的性质及铼资源分布.矿业快报,475(11):67～69.
杨敏之.1983.含铼矿床的新成因类型及其地质找矿方向.地质地球化学,01:13～14.
杨敏之.2000.分散元素矿床类型、成矿规律及成矿预测.矿物岩石地球化学通报,19(04):381～383.
杨敏之.2006.分散元素矿床类型、成矿规律及找矿-综合利用方向.地质找矿论丛,21(01):1～9.
杨敏之.2008.分散元素矿床成矿区划、分布规律、找矿-综合利用方向.地质找矿论丛,23(1):1～10.
应立娟,陈毓川,王登红,唐菊兴,陈郑辉,王成辉.2014.中国铜矿成矿规律概要.地质学报,88(12):2216～2226.
张金元.2014.沐川-马边铼多金属含矿砂体特征.四川地质学报,34(03):381～384.
张乾,刘玉平,叶霖,邵树勋.2008.分散元素成矿专属性探讨.矿物岩石地球化学通报,27(3):247～253.
张乾,朱笑青,高振敏,潘家永.2005.中国分散元素富集与成矿研究新进展.矿物岩石地球化学通报,24(4) 342～349.
张如柏,龚夏生,周振冬,范良明,帅德权.1981.沐川矿——一种新的含水的钼硫化物.地球化学,02:120～127+210.
张贻侠.1960.铼的地球化学和矿床成因类型问题.成都地质学院学报,(01):25～32.
周令治.1984.大力开发我国稀散金属的资源优势.有色金属(冶炼部分),06:21～23.
朱佛宏,译.2002.海洋磷块岩中的铼.海洋地质动态,18(2) 15～16.
? 安徽省地矿局327地质队.2017.安徽省泾县湛岭钼矿床勘探报告.
? 湖南省地质调查院.2013.湖南省浏阳市龙王排矿区石龙坡矿段钼钨矿详查地质报告.
? 核工业216大队.2009.新疆察布查尔县郎卡地区铼矿预查报告.
? 福建省地质调查研究院.2009.福建省武夷山市坪地矿区钼矿资源储量调查报告.
Bobrov,Alexander,Hurskiy,D.,Merkushyn,I.,Voloshyn,O.,Stepanyuk,L.,Lysenko,O,and Goshovski,S.,2008,The first occurrence of native rhenium in natural geological systems [abs.],in 33rd International Geological Congress,6～14 August 2008,Oslo,Norway (abstracts):International Geological Congress,33d,Oslo,Norway,2008,accessed February 11,2013,at http://www.cprm.gov.br/33IGC/1342433.html.
Cao Zhimin,Luo Yaonan,Wang Rucheng,Stein H.J.,Hannah J.L.,Markey R.J..2002.Geological characteristics and mineralization age of the sandstone type Re-Mo(-Os) mineral occurrence in Muchuan,Sichuan.Acta Geologica Sinica,76(1):95～99 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Dill,H.G.,2010.The “chessboard” classification scheme of mineral deposits:Mineralogy and geology from aluminum to zirconium.Earth Science Reviews,100:1～420.
Du Andao,Qu Wenjun,Lichao,Yang Gang.2009.Areview on the development of Re-Os isotopic dating methods and techniques.Rock and Mineral Analysis,28(3):288～304 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Ekstrom,M.& Hálenius,U.1982.A new rheniumrich sulfide from two Swedish localities.N.Jb.Mineral Mh.,1,6～10.
Golden J,McMillan M,Downs R T,Hystad G,Goldstein I,Stein H J,Zimmerman A,Sverjensky D A,Armstrong J T,Hazen R M.2013.Rhenium variations in molybdenite (MoS2):Evidence for progressive subsurface oxidation.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,366:1～5.
Gong Yibin.2008.Description of Mo concentrate production and developing strategy of JCC Dexing new technonlogy company.Copper Engineering,98(04):18～20 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Gu Xuexiang,Wang Qian,Fu Shaohong,Tang Juxing.2004.Resources and environmental effects of abnormal enrichment of dispersed elements:research situation and tendency.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition),31(1):15～21 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Habashi,Fathi,1997,Rhenium seventy years old,in Byrskin,B.D.,ed.,1997,Rhenium and rhenium alloys—International Symposium on Rhenium and Rhenium Alloys,February 9～13,1997,Orlando,Fla.,Proceedings:Warrendale,Pa.,The Minerals,Metals & Materials Society,p.15～36.
Hu Ruizhong,Bi Xianwu,Su Wenchao,Ye Zaojun.1997.Some considerations on germanium mineralization in coal—as exemplified by Lincang germanium deposit.Acta Mineralogica Sinica,04:364～368 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Hu Ruizhong,Wen Hanjie,Su Wenchao,Peng Jiantang,Bi Xianwu,Chen Youwei.2014.Some Advances in Ore Deposit Geochemistry in Last Decade.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,33(02):127～144 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Huang Dianhao.2015.Discussion with Prof.Mao Jingwen on types,ore forming material source of some deposits and geological significance of rhenium content in molybdenite.Geological Review,61(5):990～1000 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Huang Fan,WangDenghong,Wang Chenghui,Chen Zhenghui,Yuan Zhongxin,Liu Xinxing.2014.Resources characteristics of molybdenum deposits and their regional metallogeny in China.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(12):2296～2314 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang Shaoping,Li Feng,Xiao Jingshan,Meng Fuqing,Liu Zhikui.2011.Rhenium resource in the porphyry molybdenum deposit at langchang laochang and its significance.Yunnan Metallurgy,40(4):7～12+56 (in Chinese with English abstract).
John D A,Seal R R,II and Polyak D E.2017.Rhenium,chap.P of Schulz,K.J.,DeYoung,J.H.,Jr.,Seal,R.R.,II,and Bradley,D.C.,eds.,Critical mineral resources of the United States—Economic and environmental geology and prospects for future supply:U.S.Geological Survey Professional Paper 1802,p.P1～P49,https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1802P.
Korzhinsky,M.A.,Tkachenko,S.I.,Shmulovich,K.I.,Taran,Y.A.,and Steinberg,G.S.,1994,Discovery of a pure rhenium mineral at Kudriavy volcano:Nature,v.369,no.6475,p.51～52.
Laznicka Peter.2014.Giant metallic deposits—A century of progress.Ore Geology Reviews 62:259～314.
Liu Yingjun,Cao Liming,Li Zhaolin,Wang Henian,Chu Tongqing,Zhang Jingrong.1984.element geochemistry.Beijing:Science Press,1～548 (in Chinese).
Luo Liping,Zhu Zhimin.2016.The Distribution of Rhenium in the Lala Copper Ore and Its Potential Significance of Resources.Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,4(4):27～30 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Mao Jingwen,Lehmann Bernd,Du Andao,Zhang Guangdi,Ma Dongsheng,Wang Yitian,Zeng Mingguo,Kerrich Robert.2002.Re-Os Dating of Polymetallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au Mineralization in Lower Cambrian Black Shales of South China and Its Geologic Significance.Economic Geology,97(05):1051～1061.
Mitchell,R.H.,Laflamme,J.H.G.,Cabri,L.J.1989.Rhenium sulfide from Coldwell complex.Northwestern Ontario,Canada.Miner.Mag.,53,635～637.
Peucker-Ehrenbrink B and Hannigan R E.2000.Effects of black shale weathering on the mobility of rhenium and platinum group elements,Geology,28:475～478.
Poplavko,E.M.,Marchukova,I.D.,Zak,S.S.1962.A rhenium mineral in the Dzhezkazgan deposit.Dokl Acad.Nauk SSSR,146(2),433～436.
Ren Deyi,Dai Shifeng.2009.Potential Coexisting and Associated Mineral Resources in Coal and Coal-bearing Strata-An Issue Should Pay Close Attention to.Coal Geology of China,21(10):1～4 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Tarekian M.,Housley R.M.,Volborth A,Greis O.,Moh G.H.1991.Unnamed Re-Mo-Cu sulfide from Stillwater complex,and crystal chemistry of its synthetic equivalent spinel type (Cu,Fe)(Re,Mo)4S8.European journal of mineralogy,3(6):977～982.
Tian Liqiang,Fan Shiyan,Wang Hongmei,Liu Songliang.2016.Study on enrichment of scattered rhenium in Xuchang coal mine in Jining city.Land and Resources in Shangdong Province,32(02):35～38 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Tu Guangchi,Gao Zhenmin,Hu Ruizhong,Zhang Qian,Li Chaoyang,Zhao Zhenhua,Zhang Baogui.2004.The geochemistry and ore-forming mechanism of the dispersed elements.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1～424 (in Chinese).
U.S.Geological Survey,2018,Mineral commodity summaries 2018:U.S.Geological Survey,200 p.,https://doi.org/10.3133/70194932.
U.S.Geological Survey.2019.Mineral commodity summaries 2019:U.S.Geological Survey,200 p.,https://doi.org/10.3133/70202434.
Vinogradov A.P.1962.Average concentration of chemical elements in the chief types of igneous rocks of the crust of the Earth.Geochemistry,7,555～571.
Vlasov K A.1966.Geochemistry and mineralogy of rare elements and genetic types of their deposits.Vol 2.Mineralogy of the rare elemeents,1～945.
Volborth A.Tarkian M,Stunmpfl E F and Houseley R M.1986.A survey of the Pd-t mineralization along the 35 km strike of the J.M.Reef,Stillwater complex,Montana.Can.Mineral.,24,329～346.
Voudouris Panagiotis,Melfos Vasilios,Spry Paul G.,Bindi Luca,Moritz Robert,Ortelli Melissa,Kartal Tamara.2013.Extremely Re-rich molybdenite from porphyry Cu-Mo-Au Prospects in northeastern Greece:mode of occurrence,causes of enrichment,and implications for gold exploration.Minerals,3,165～191;doi:10.3390/min3020165.
Wang Denghong,Chen Yuchuan,Xu Zhigang,Sheng Jifu,Zhu Mingyu,Liu Xifang,Zhang Changqing,Wang Chenghui,Wang Yonglei.2013b.Prediction Type of Mineral Resources and Its Application in the Assessment Work of Mineral Resources Potential.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),43(4):1092～1099 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,translation.1995.Volcanoes are purifiers of rare elements.Journal of Geoscience Translations,12(3):6 (in Chinese).
Wang Denghong,Wang Ruijiang,Li Jiankang,Zhao Zhi,Yu Yang,Dai Jingjing,Chen Zhenhui,Li Dexian,Qu Wenjun,Deng Maochun,Fu Xiaofang,Sun Yan,Zhen Guodong.2013a.The progress in the strategic research and survey of rare earth,rare metal and rare-scattered elements mineral resources.Geology in China,40(2):361～370 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Denghong,Wang Ruijiang,Sun Yan,Li Jiankang,Zhao Zhi,Zhao Ting,Qu Wenjun,Fu Xiaofang,Jiang Shanyuan,Huang Huagu,Feng Wenjie,Xu Ping,Li Shengmiao,Huang Xinpeng,Zhou Hui,Zhu Yongxin,Tu Qijun,Li Xinren,Fang Yiping,Zhou Yuanyuan.2016.A Review of Achievements in the Three-type Rare Mineral Resources (Rare Resources,Rare Earth and Rarely Scattered Resources) Survey in China.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,37(05):569～580 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang R J,Wang D H,Li J K,Sun Y,Li D X,Guo C L,Zhao Z,Yu Y,Huang F,Wang C H,Liu JJ,He H H,Zheng G D,Huang W B,Zhou Y Y,Li X M,Liu LJ,Cai X,Zhao T and Song Y.2015.Rare resources,rare earth and rarely scattered mineral resources and their exploitation and utilization.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1～429 (in Chinese).
Wang Zhengqi,Pan Jiayong,Cao Shuanglin,Guan Taiyang,Zhang Guoyu.2006.Super-enriching Mechanism of Disperse-elements Re and Se in Interlayer Oxidation—A Case Study of the Zhajistan Interlayer Oxidation Zone Sandstone-type Uranium Deposit,lli Basin,Xinjiang.Geological Review,52(3):358～362 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Xian,LiLaiping,Zhang Wenzheng,Zhang Xin.2008.Properties of rhenium and its resources distribution.Express Information of Mining Industry,475(11):67～69 (in Chinese).
Yang Minzhi.1983.New genetic types of rhenium deposits and their geological prospecting directions.Geology-geochemistry,01:13～14 (in Chinese).
Yang Minzhi.2000.Types of dispersed element deposits,metallogenic regularity and metallogenic prediction.Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry,19(04):381～383 (in Chinese).
Yang Minzhi.2006.Types of disperse element deposits and their ore-forming regularity and ore-searching and comprehensive utilization direction.Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,21(01):1～9 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Minzhi.2008.Division,distribution pattern of the disperse element ore deposits and the ore-searching and comprehensive utilization direction.Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,23(1):1～10 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Ying Lijuan,Chen Yuchuan,Wang Denghong,Tang Juxing,Chen Zhenghui,Wang Chenghui.2014.Metallogenic regularity of copper ore in China.Acta Geologica Sinica,88(12):2216～2226 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Jinyuan.2014.Geological features of re-polymetal-bearing sandstone in the Muchuan-Mabian region.Acta Geologica Sichuan,34(03):381～384 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Qian,LiuYuping,Ye Lin,Shao Shuxun.2008.Study on specialization of dispersed element mineralization.Bulletin of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry,27(3):247～253 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Qian,Zhu Xiaoqing,GaoZhenmin,Pan Jiayong.2005.A review of enrichment and mineralization of the dispersed elements in China.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,24(4) 342～349 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Rubo,Gong Xiasheng,Zhou Zhendong,Fan Liangming,Shuai Dequan.1981.Muchuanite,a new water-bearing molybdenum sulphide mineral.Geochimica.02:120～127+210 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Yixia.1960.Geochemical of rhenium and genetic types of rhenium deposits.Journal of Chengdu College of Geology,(01):25～32 (in Chinese).
Zhou Lingzhi.1984.Develop the resource advantage of dissipated metal energetically of our country.Nonferrous Metals,06:21～23 (in Chinese).
Zhu Fohong,translation.2002.Rhenium in Marine phosphorus block rocks.Marine Geology Letters,18(2) 15～16 (in Chinese).
曹志敏,骆耀南,王汝成,Stein H J,Hannah J L,Markey R J.2002.沐川太平砂岩型铼钼(饿)矿点的地质特征和矿化时代.地质学报,76(01):95～99.
杜安道,屈文俊,李超,杨刚.2009.铼-锇同位素定年方法及分析测试技术的进展.岩矿测试,28(3):288～304.
龚益彬.2008.新技术公司钼精矿加工生产综述及发展对策.铜业工程,98(04):18～20.
顾雪祥,王乾,付绍洪,唐菊兴.2004.分散元素超常富集的资源与环境效应:研究现状与发展趋势.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),31(1):15～21.
胡瑞忠,毕献武,苏文超,叶造军.1997.对煤中锗矿化若干问题的思考——以临沧锗矿为例.矿物学报,04:364～368.
胡瑞忠,温汉捷,苏文超,彭建堂,毕献武,陈佑纬.2014.矿床地球化学近十年若干研究进展.矿物岩石地球化学通报,33(02):127～144.
黄典豪.2015.就若干矿床的类型、成矿物质来源及辉钼矿含铼量的地质意义等与毛景文研究员商榷.地质论评,61(05):990～1000.
黄凡,王登红,王成辉,陈郑辉,袁忠信,刘新星.2014.中国钼矿资源特征及其成矿规律概要.地质学报,88(12):2296～2314.
蒋绍平,李峰,肖静珊,蒙福清,刘志葵.2011.澜沧老厂斑岩钼矿中的徕及其资源意义.云南冶金,40(4):7～12+56.
刘英俊,曹励明,李兆麟,王鹤年,储同庆,张景荣.1984.元素地球化学.北京:科学出版社,1～548.
罗丽萍,朱志敏.2016.拉拉铜矿铼的分布和潜在资源利用意义.矿产综合利用,4(4):27～30.
任德贻,代世峰.2009.煤和含煤岩系中潜在的共伴生矿产资源——一个值得重视的问题.中国煤炭地质,21(10):1～4.
田立强,范士彦,王红梅,刘松良.2016.济宁许厂煤矿伴生分散元素铼的富集成矿探析.山东国土资源,32(02):35～38.
涂光炽,高振敏,胡瑞忠,张乾,李朝阳,赵振华,张宝贵.2004.分散元素地球化学及成矿机制.北京:地质出版社,1～424.
王登红,王瑞江,李建康,赵芝,于扬,代晶晶,陈郑辉,李德先,屈文俊,邓茂春,付小方,孙艳,郑国栋.2013.中国三稀矿产资源战略调查研究进展综述.中国地质,40(02):361～370.
王登红,王瑞江,孙艳,李建康,赵芝,赵汀,屈文俊,付小方,江善元,黄华谷,冯文杰,徐平,李胜苗,黄新鹏,周辉,朱永新,涂其军,李新仁,方一平,周园园.2016.我国三稀(稀有稀土稀散)矿产资源调查研究成果综述.地球学报,37(05):569～580.
王登红,陈毓川,徐志刚,盛继福,朱明玉,刘喜方,张长青,王成辉,王永磊.矿产预测类型及其在矿产资源潜力评价中的运用.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(4):1092～1099.
王登红,译.1995.火山是稀有元素的提纯者.地质科学译丛,12(3):6.
王瑞江,王登红,李建康,孙艳,李德先,郭春丽,赵芝,于扬,黄凡,王成辉,刘家军,何晗晗,郑国栋,黄文斌,周园园,李晓妹,刘丽君,蔡肖,赵汀,宋扬.2015.稀有稀土稀散矿产资源及其开发利用.北京:地质出版社,1～429.
王正其,潘家永,曹双林,管太阳,张国玉.2006.层间氧化带分散元素铼与硒的超常富集机制探讨——以伊犁盆地扎吉斯坦层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床为例.地质论评,52(03):358～362.
吴贤,李来平,张文钲,张新.2008.铼的性质及铼资源分布.矿业快报,475(11):67～69.
杨敏之.1983.含铼矿床的新成因类型及其地质找矿方向.地质地球化学,01:13～14.
杨敏之.2000.分散元素矿床类型、成矿规律及成矿预测.矿物岩石地球化学通报,19(04):381～383.
杨敏之.2006.分散元素矿床类型、成矿规律及找矿-综合利用方向.地质找矿论丛,21(01):1～9.
杨敏之.2008.分散元素矿床成矿区划、分布规律、找矿-综合利用方向.地质找矿论丛,23(1):1～10.
应立娟,陈毓川,王登红,唐菊兴,陈郑辉,王成辉.2014.中国铜矿成矿规律概要.地质学报,88(12):2216～2226.
张金元.2014.沐川-马边铼多金属含矿砂体特征.四川地质学报,34(03):381～384.
张乾,刘玉平,叶霖,邵树勋.2008.分散元素成矿专属性探讨.矿物岩石地球化学通报,27(3):247～253.
张乾,朱笑青,高振敏,潘家永.2005.中国分散元素富集与成矿研究新进展.矿物岩石地球化学通报,24(4) 342～349.
张如柏,龚夏生,周振冬,范良明,帅德权.1981.沐川矿——一种新的含水的钼硫化物.地球化学,02:120～127+210.
张贻侠.1960.铼的地球化学和矿床成因类型问题.成都地质学院学报,(01):25～32.
周令治.1984.大力开发我国稀散金属的资源优势.有色金属(冶炼部分),06:21～23.
朱佛宏,译.2002.海洋磷块岩中的铼.海洋地质动态,18(2) 15～16.
? 安徽省地矿局327地质队.2017.安徽省泾县湛岭钼矿床勘探报告.
? 湖南省地质调查院.2013.湖南省浏阳市龙王排矿区石龙坡矿段钼钨矿详查地质报告.
? 核工业216大队.2009.新疆察布查尔县郎卡地区铼矿预查报告.
? 福建省地质调查研究院.2009.福建省武夷山市坪地矿区钼矿资源储量调查报告.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |