四川盆地震旦-寒武系油气成藏的Re-Os年代学约束
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摘要
四川盆地震旦-寒武系储层具有万亿立方米以上的油气地质储量,具有广阔的勘探前景.复杂的地质条件及多期次构造作用限制了对其油气成藏演化过程的精细刻画.近年来,流体包裹体~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar和烃类Re-Os同位素定年等新技术在油气成藏研究中表现出良好的潜力和广泛的应用前景.针对四川盆地深部油气成藏演化的定量解析这一问题,在总结前人对震旦-寒武系油气成藏演化地质分析的基础上,结合近期对川中威远气田、川西龙门山矿山梁古油藏和川北米仓山古油藏中沥青Re-Os同位素的定年结果,认为四川盆地震旦-寒武系油气存在～450Ma、205～162Ma两期成藏作用,其中天然气藏形成的关键时期为205～162Ma.还指出了Re-Os同位素分析在定量解析油气演化研究中需要解决的关键问题,并认为烃类的Re-Os同位素定年将会推动我国成藏年代学的发展,促进诸如四川盆地等复杂地质条件深层油气成藏过程和成藏机理的研究.
The Neoproterozoic-Cambrian reservoir in the Sichuan Basin,which has stored more than one trillion cubic meters of petroleum,is an important exploration target in China.However,the complex tectonism and accumulation conditions limited the detail analysis of their hydrocarbon evolution.Recently,the isotope dating methods,like ~(40)Ar/~(40)Ar dating on the hydrocarbon bearing fluid inclusions and the Re-Os dating on the crude oil and bitumen,have shown good potential on constraining the key times of the petroleum system evolutions.Based on the previous understanding on the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian reservoir evolution,and integrating the bitumen Re-Os dating results on the Weiyuan gas field,the Kuangshanliang paleo-reservoir in the West Sichuan Basin and the Micang Shan paleo-reservoir in the North Sichuan Basin,this study indicates that the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian petroleum system experienced oil type reservoir formation during Caledonian(～450 Ma)and both oil and dry gas type reservoir formation during Indosinian-Yanshanian event(ca.205-162 Ma).In addition,this study also puts forward some key problems related to the Re-Os analysis on accurate constraining petroleum evolution according to our current understanding.In summary,the hydrocarbon Re-Os geochronology is helpful for the development of the petroleum geochronology and could promote the understanding of the evolution and mechanism of the deep buried marine petroleum systems.
The Neoproterozoic-Cambrian reservoir in the Sichuan Basin,which has stored more than one trillion cubic meters of petroleum,is an important exploration target in China.However,the complex tectonism and accumulation conditions limited the detail analysis of their hydrocarbon evolution.Recently,the isotope dating methods,like ~(40)Ar/~(40)Ar dating on the hydrocarbon bearing fluid inclusions and the Re-Os dating on the crude oil and bitumen,have shown good potential on constraining the key times of the petroleum system evolutions.Based on the previous understanding on the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian reservoir evolution,and integrating the bitumen Re-Os dating results on the Weiyuan gas field,the Kuangshanliang paleo-reservoir in the West Sichuan Basin and the Micang Shan paleo-reservoir in the North Sichuan Basin,this study indicates that the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian petroleum system experienced oil type reservoir formation during Caledonian(～450 Ma)and both oil and dry gas type reservoir formation during Indosinian-Yanshanian event(ca.205-162 Ma).In addition,this study also puts forward some key problems related to the Re-Os analysis on accurate constraining petroleum evolution according to our current understanding.In summary,the hydrocarbon Re-Os geochronology is helpful for the development of the petroleum geochronology and could promote the understanding of the evolution and mechanism of the deep buried marine petroleum systems.
引文
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