岩浆作用与地球深部过程
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摘要
为纪念马杏垣院士诞辰一百周年而作.首先简述了地球系统科学的基本思想和指导意义.指出岩浆作用实质上是地球各层圈之间相互作用的结果,岩浆是地球各层圈之间物质和能量交换的重要载体.通过众多研究实例,重点讨论了岩浆作用的地球动力学意义:一方面,火成岩及其所携带的深源岩石包体可以当作地球深部的"探针"和"窗口";另一方面,火成岩也是大地构造事件的记录,可以用以恢复古板块构造格局,追溯大地构造演化历史.
This paper is written for commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of late Academician Ma Xingyuan.It briefly describes the general idea and significance of the earth system sciences,and it further indicates that magmatism is a result of interaction between geospheres,and magma is the media of transfer of mass and energy between geospheres.The paper discusses with emphasis on the geodynamic significance of magmatism with case studies.On one hand,igneous rocks and their carried deep-seated nodules could be served as lithoprobes and windows to explore the deep earth.On the other hand,igneous rocks are also the records of tectonic events so they could be used to retrace the paleo-tectonic pattern and the history of tectonic evolution.
This paper is written for commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of late Academician Ma Xingyuan.It briefly describes the general idea and significance of the earth system sciences,and it further indicates that magmatism is a result of interaction between geospheres,and magma is the media of transfer of mass and energy between geospheres.The paper discusses with emphasis on the geodynamic significance of magmatism with case studies.On one hand,igneous rocks and their carried deep-seated nodules could be served as lithoprobes and windows to explore the deep earth.On the other hand,igneous rocks are also the records of tectonic events so they could be used to retrace the paleo-tectonic pattern and the history of tectonic evolution.
引文
Aitchison,J.C.,Ali,J.R.,Davis,A.M.,2007.When and Where did India and Asia Collide?.Journal of Geophysical Research,112(B5):B05423.https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004706
Best,M.G.,2003.Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology(2nd Edition).Oxford Blackwell Science,Oxford.
Carmichael,I.S.E.,Turner,F.J.,Verhoogen,J.,1974.Igneous Petrology.McGraw-Hill Company,New York.
Christiansen,E.H.,Hamblin,W.K.,2014.Dynamic Earth.Jones&Bartlett Learning,Burlington.
Condie,K.C.,1997.Plate Tectonics and Crustal Evolution(4th Edition).Butterworth-Heinemann,Oxford.
Condie,K.C.,2005.Earth as an Evolving Planetary System.Elsevier Academic Press,New York.
Defant,M.J.,Drummond,M.S.,1990.Derivation of Some Modern Arc Magmas by Melting of Young Subducted Lithosphere.Nature,347(6294):662-665.https://doi.org/10.1038/347662a0
Deng,J.F.,Luo,Z.H.,Su,S.G.,et al.,2004.Ptrogeneses,Tectonic Environments and Mineralization.Geological Publishing House,Beijing,1-381(in Chinese).
Deng,J.F.,Mo,X.X.,Zhao,H.L.,et al.,2004.A New Model for the Dynamic Evolution of Chinese Lithosphere:‘Continental Roots-Plume Tectonics’.Earth-Science Reviews,65(3-4):223-275.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2003.08.001
Ding,L.,Kapp,P.,Wan,X.Q.,2005.Paleocene-Eocene Record of Ophiolite Obduction and Initial India-Asia Collision,South Central Tibet.Tectonics,24(3):1-18.https://doi.org/10.1029/2004tc001729
Hou,Z.Q.,Cook,N.J.,2009.Metallogenesis of the Tibetan Collisional Orogen:A Review and Introduction to the Special Issue.Ore Geology Reviews,36(1-3):2-24.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2009.05.001
Hou,Z.Q.,Duan,L.F.,Lu,Y.J.,et al.,2015.Lithospheric Architecture of the Lhasa Terrane and Its Control on Ore Deposits in the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen.Economic Geology,110(6):1541-1575.https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.110.6.1541
Jaeger,J.J.,Courtillot,V.,Tapponnier,P.,1989.Paleontological View of the Ages of the Deccan Traps,the Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary,and the India-Asia Collision.Geology,17(4):316.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0316:pvotao>2.3.co;2
Kump,L.,2004.The Earth System(2nd Editon).Prentice Hall,New Jersey.
Mo,X.X.,2011.Magma and Magmatic/Igneous Rocks:ALithoprobe into the Deep Earth and Records of the Earth’s Evolution.Chinese Journal of Nature,33(5):255-259,313(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,2018.Earth Deep Process and Mineralization.Chinese High Science and Technology,32:1-3(in Chinese).
Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,et al.,2005.Spatial and Temporal Distribution and Characteristics of Granitoids in the Gangdese,Tibet and Implication for Crustal Growth and Evolution.Geological Journal of China Universities,11(3):281-290(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,et al.,2005.Timing of Magma Mixing in the GangdisêMagmatic Belt during the IndiaAsia Collision:Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb Dating.Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),79(1):66-76.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2005.tb00868.x
Mo,X.X.,Hou,Z.Q.,Niu,Y.L.,et al.,2007.Mantle Contributions to Crustal Thickening during Continental Collision:Evidence from Cenozoic Igneous Rocks in Southern Tibet.Lithos,96(1-2):225-242.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2006.10.005
Mo,X.X.,Lu,F.X.,Shen,S.Y.,et al.,1993.Sanjiang Tethyan Volcanism and Mineralization.Geological Publishing House,Beijing,1-267(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Niu,Y.L.,Dong,G.C.,et al.,2008.Contribution of Syncollisional Felsic Magmatism to Continental Crust Growth:A Case Study of the Paleogene Linzizong Volcanic Succession in Southern Tibet.Chemical Geology,250(1-4):49-67.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.02.003
Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,Deng,J.F.,et al.,2003.Response of Volcanism to the India-Asia Collision.Earth Science Frontiers,10(3):135-148(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,Deng,J.F.,et al.,2006.Petrology and Geochemistry of Postcollisional Volcanic Rocks from the Tibetan Plateau:Implications for Lithosphere Heterogeneity and Collision-Induced Asthenospheric Mantle Flow.Geological Society of America Special Paper,409:507-530.
Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,Yu,X.H.,et al.,2009.Cenozoic Collisional-Postcollisional Igneous Rocks in the Tibetan Plateau.Geological Publishing House,Beijing,1-396(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,Zhou,S.,et al.,2002.Evidence for Timing of the Initiation of India-Asia Collision from Igneous Rocks in Tibet.EOS Trans.AGU,83(47):F10003.
Niu,Y.L.,Zhao,Z.D.,Zhu,D.C.,et al.,2013.Continental Collision Zones are Primary Sites for Net Continental Crust Growth-A Testable Hypothesis.Earth-Science Reviews,127:96-110.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.09.004
Stanley,S.M.,2005.Earth System History.W.H.Freeman,San Francisco.
Wan,X.Q.,Jansa,L.F.,Sarti,M.,2002.Cretaceous and Paleogene Boundary Strata in Southern Tibet and Their Implication for the India-Eurasia Collision.Lethaia,35(2):131-146.https://doi.org/10.1080/002411602320183999
Wilson,M.,1989.Igneous Petrogenesis:A Global Tectonic Approach.Chapman&Hall,London.
Wyllie,P.J.,1976.The Way the Earth Works:An Introduction to the New Global Geology and Its Revolutionary Development.The Journal of Geology,84(4):502-502.https://doi.org/10.1086/628222
Wyllie,P.J.,Osmaston,M.F.,Morrison,M.A.,1984.Constraints Imposed by Experimental Petrology on Possible and Impossible Magma Sources and Products(and Discussion).Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A:Mathematical,Physical and Engineering Sciences,310(1514):439-456.https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1984.0003
Yin,A.,Harrison,T.M.,2000.Geologic Evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,28(1):211-280.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.28.1.211
Zhang,S.Q.,Mahoney,J.J.,Mo,X.X.,et al.,2005.Evidence for a Widespread Tethyan Upper Mantle with Indian-OceanType Isotopic Characteristics.Journal of Petrology,46(4):829-858.https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi002
Zhao,Z.D.,Mo,X.X.,Dilek,Y.,et al.,2009.Geochemical and SrNd-Pb-O Isotopic Compositions of the Post-Collisional Ultrapotassic Magmatism in SW Tibet:Petrogenesis and Implications for India Intra-Continental Subduction beneath Southern Tibet.Lithos,113(1-2):190-212.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2009.02.004
Zhao,Z.D.,Mo,X.X.,Sun,C.G.et al.,2008.Mantle Xenoliths in Southern Tibet:Geochemistry and Constraints for the Nature of the Mantle.Acta Petrologica Sinica,24(2):193-202.
Zhou,S.,Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,et al.,2004.40 Ar-39 Ar Geochronology of Cenozoic Linzizong Volcanic Rocks from Linzhou Basin,Tibet,China,and Their Geological Implications.Chinese Science Bulletin,49(18):1970-1979.https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03184291
Zhou,S.,Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,et al.,2004.40 Ar-39 Ar Geochronology of Cenozoic Linzizong Volcanic Rocks from Linzhou Basin,Tibet,China,and Their Geological Implications.Chinese Science Bulletin,49(20):2095-2103(in Chinese).
Zhu,D.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,Niu,Y.L.,et al.,2011.The Lhasa Terrane:Record of a Microcontinent and Its Histories of Drift and Growth.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,301(1-2):241-255.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.005
邓晋福,罗照华,苏尚国,等,2004.岩石成因、构造环境与成矿作用.北京:地质出版社,1-381.
莫宣学,2011.岩浆与岩浆岩:地球深部“探针”与演化记录.自然杂志,33(5):255-259,313.
莫宣学,2018.地球深部过程与成矿作用.中国高科技期刊,32:1-3.
莫宣学,董国臣,赵志丹,等,2005.西藏冈底斯带花岗岩的时空分布特征及地壳生长演化信息.高校地质学报,11(3):281-290.
莫宣学,路凤香,沈上越,等,1993.三江特提斯火山作用与成矿.北京:地质出版社,1-26.
莫宣学,赵志丹,邓晋福,等,2003.印度-亚洲大陆主碰撞过程的火山作用响应.地学前缘,10(3):135-148.
莫宣学,赵志丹,喻学惠,等,2009.青藏高原新生代碰撞-后碰撞火成岩.北京:地质出版社,1-396.
周肃,莫宣学,董国臣,等,2004.西藏林周盆地林子宗火山岩40 Ar-39 Ar年代格架.科学通报49(20):2095-2103.
Best,M.G.,2003.Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology(2nd Edition).Oxford Blackwell Science,Oxford.
Carmichael,I.S.E.,Turner,F.J.,Verhoogen,J.,1974.Igneous Petrology.McGraw-Hill Company,New York.
Christiansen,E.H.,Hamblin,W.K.,2014.Dynamic Earth.Jones&Bartlett Learning,Burlington.
Condie,K.C.,1997.Plate Tectonics and Crustal Evolution(4th Edition).Butterworth-Heinemann,Oxford.
Condie,K.C.,2005.Earth as an Evolving Planetary System.Elsevier Academic Press,New York.
Defant,M.J.,Drummond,M.S.,1990.Derivation of Some Modern Arc Magmas by Melting of Young Subducted Lithosphere.Nature,347(6294):662-665.https://doi.org/10.1038/347662a0
Deng,J.F.,Luo,Z.H.,Su,S.G.,et al.,2004.Ptrogeneses,Tectonic Environments and Mineralization.Geological Publishing House,Beijing,1-381(in Chinese).
Deng,J.F.,Mo,X.X.,Zhao,H.L.,et al.,2004.A New Model for the Dynamic Evolution of Chinese Lithosphere:‘Continental Roots-Plume Tectonics’.Earth-Science Reviews,65(3-4):223-275.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2003.08.001
Ding,L.,Kapp,P.,Wan,X.Q.,2005.Paleocene-Eocene Record of Ophiolite Obduction and Initial India-Asia Collision,South Central Tibet.Tectonics,24(3):1-18.https://doi.org/10.1029/2004tc001729
Hou,Z.Q.,Cook,N.J.,2009.Metallogenesis of the Tibetan Collisional Orogen:A Review and Introduction to the Special Issue.Ore Geology Reviews,36(1-3):2-24.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2009.05.001
Hou,Z.Q.,Duan,L.F.,Lu,Y.J.,et al.,2015.Lithospheric Architecture of the Lhasa Terrane and Its Control on Ore Deposits in the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen.Economic Geology,110(6):1541-1575.https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.110.6.1541
Jaeger,J.J.,Courtillot,V.,Tapponnier,P.,1989.Paleontological View of the Ages of the Deccan Traps,the Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary,and the India-Asia Collision.Geology,17(4):316.https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0316:pvotao>2.3.co;2
Kump,L.,2004.The Earth System(2nd Editon).Prentice Hall,New Jersey.
Mo,X.X.,2011.Magma and Magmatic/Igneous Rocks:ALithoprobe into the Deep Earth and Records of the Earth’s Evolution.Chinese Journal of Nature,33(5):255-259,313(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,2018.Earth Deep Process and Mineralization.Chinese High Science and Technology,32:1-3(in Chinese).
Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,et al.,2005.Spatial and Temporal Distribution and Characteristics of Granitoids in the Gangdese,Tibet and Implication for Crustal Growth and Evolution.Geological Journal of China Universities,11(3):281-290(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,et al.,2005.Timing of Magma Mixing in the GangdisêMagmatic Belt during the IndiaAsia Collision:Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb Dating.Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),79(1):66-76.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2005.tb00868.x
Mo,X.X.,Hou,Z.Q.,Niu,Y.L.,et al.,2007.Mantle Contributions to Crustal Thickening during Continental Collision:Evidence from Cenozoic Igneous Rocks in Southern Tibet.Lithos,96(1-2):225-242.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2006.10.005
Mo,X.X.,Lu,F.X.,Shen,S.Y.,et al.,1993.Sanjiang Tethyan Volcanism and Mineralization.Geological Publishing House,Beijing,1-267(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Niu,Y.L.,Dong,G.C.,et al.,2008.Contribution of Syncollisional Felsic Magmatism to Continental Crust Growth:A Case Study of the Paleogene Linzizong Volcanic Succession in Southern Tibet.Chemical Geology,250(1-4):49-67.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.02.003
Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,Deng,J.F.,et al.,2003.Response of Volcanism to the India-Asia Collision.Earth Science Frontiers,10(3):135-148(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,Deng,J.F.,et al.,2006.Petrology and Geochemistry of Postcollisional Volcanic Rocks from the Tibetan Plateau:Implications for Lithosphere Heterogeneity and Collision-Induced Asthenospheric Mantle Flow.Geological Society of America Special Paper,409:507-530.
Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,Yu,X.H.,et al.,2009.Cenozoic Collisional-Postcollisional Igneous Rocks in the Tibetan Plateau.Geological Publishing House,Beijing,1-396(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mo,X.X.,Zhao,Z.D.,Zhou,S.,et al.,2002.Evidence for Timing of the Initiation of India-Asia Collision from Igneous Rocks in Tibet.EOS Trans.AGU,83(47):F10003.
Niu,Y.L.,Zhao,Z.D.,Zhu,D.C.,et al.,2013.Continental Collision Zones are Primary Sites for Net Continental Crust Growth-A Testable Hypothesis.Earth-Science Reviews,127:96-110.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.09.004
Stanley,S.M.,2005.Earth System History.W.H.Freeman,San Francisco.
Wan,X.Q.,Jansa,L.F.,Sarti,M.,2002.Cretaceous and Paleogene Boundary Strata in Southern Tibet and Their Implication for the India-Eurasia Collision.Lethaia,35(2):131-146.https://doi.org/10.1080/002411602320183999
Wilson,M.,1989.Igneous Petrogenesis:A Global Tectonic Approach.Chapman&Hall,London.
Wyllie,P.J.,1976.The Way the Earth Works:An Introduction to the New Global Geology and Its Revolutionary Development.The Journal of Geology,84(4):502-502.https://doi.org/10.1086/628222
Wyllie,P.J.,Osmaston,M.F.,Morrison,M.A.,1984.Constraints Imposed by Experimental Petrology on Possible and Impossible Magma Sources and Products(and Discussion).Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A:Mathematical,Physical and Engineering Sciences,310(1514):439-456.https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1984.0003
Yin,A.,Harrison,T.M.,2000.Geologic Evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,28(1):211-280.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.28.1.211
Zhang,S.Q.,Mahoney,J.J.,Mo,X.X.,et al.,2005.Evidence for a Widespread Tethyan Upper Mantle with Indian-OceanType Isotopic Characteristics.Journal of Petrology,46(4):829-858.https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egi002
Zhao,Z.D.,Mo,X.X.,Dilek,Y.,et al.,2009.Geochemical and SrNd-Pb-O Isotopic Compositions of the Post-Collisional Ultrapotassic Magmatism in SW Tibet:Petrogenesis and Implications for India Intra-Continental Subduction beneath Southern Tibet.Lithos,113(1-2):190-212.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2009.02.004
Zhao,Z.D.,Mo,X.X.,Sun,C.G.et al.,2008.Mantle Xenoliths in Southern Tibet:Geochemistry and Constraints for the Nature of the Mantle.Acta Petrologica Sinica,24(2):193-202.
Zhou,S.,Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,et al.,2004.40 Ar-39 Ar Geochronology of Cenozoic Linzizong Volcanic Rocks from Linzhou Basin,Tibet,China,and Their Geological Implications.Chinese Science Bulletin,49(18):1970-1979.https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03184291
Zhou,S.,Mo,X.X.,Dong,G.C.,et al.,2004.40 Ar-39 Ar Geochronology of Cenozoic Linzizong Volcanic Rocks from Linzhou Basin,Tibet,China,and Their Geological Implications.Chinese Science Bulletin,49(20):2095-2103(in Chinese).
Zhu,D.C.,Zhao,Z.D.,Niu,Y.L.,et al.,2011.The Lhasa Terrane:Record of a Microcontinent and Its Histories of Drift and Growth.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,301(1-2):241-255.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.005
邓晋福,罗照华,苏尚国,等,2004.岩石成因、构造环境与成矿作用.北京:地质出版社,1-381.
莫宣学,2011.岩浆与岩浆岩:地球深部“探针”与演化记录.自然杂志,33(5):255-259,313.
莫宣学,2018.地球深部过程与成矿作用.中国高科技期刊,32:1-3.
莫宣学,董国臣,赵志丹,等,2005.西藏冈底斯带花岗岩的时空分布特征及地壳生长演化信息.高校地质学报,11(3):281-290.
莫宣学,路凤香,沈上越,等,1993.三江特提斯火山作用与成矿.北京:地质出版社,1-26.
莫宣学,赵志丹,邓晋福,等,2003.印度-亚洲大陆主碰撞过程的火山作用响应.地学前缘,10(3):135-148.
莫宣学,赵志丹,喻学惠,等,2009.青藏高原新生代碰撞-后碰撞火成岩.北京:地质出版社,1-396.
周肃,莫宣学,董国臣,等,2004.西藏林周盆地林子宗火山岩40 Ar-39 Ar年代格架.科学通报49(20):2095-2103.
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