弯曲与直锚GFRP复合材料抗浮锚杆锚固特性试验研究
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摘要
玻璃纤维增强聚合物(GFRP)复合材料因其抗拉强度高、耐腐蚀、抗电磁干扰等优点,被越来越多地应用于建(构)筑物地抗浮工程中,但弯折后的力学性能研究较少。为研究弯曲GFRP复合材料抗浮锚杆的力学特性,本文基于8根表面黏砂型GFRP复合材料抗浮锚杆和8根螺纹钢筋抗浮锚杆的现场足尺拉拔破坏性试验,研究了直锚、弯曲GFRP复合材料抗浮锚杆在混凝土底板中的锚固特性。试验结果表明:弯曲处理不利于提高GFRP复合材料抗浮锚杆极限承载力,且弯折长度越长,极限承载力降低幅度越大,但可以有效限制锚杆在底板中的位移,且弯折长度越长,位移限制效果越明显。增加锚固长度可以提高抗浮锚杆的极限承载力且有效限制其位移。通过引入抗浮锚杆弯曲处理影响系数讨论了弯曲处理对GFRP复合材料抗浮锚杆锚固特性的影响,并提出了需进一步研究的问题。
Glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)composites had been applied in more and more anti-floating construction with their advantages such as high tensile strength,resistance to corrosion,low electromagnetic properties and so on,but the researched about their properties after bending are insufficient.To find the mechanical properties of bending GFRP composite anti-floating anchor,the paper studied the anchorage performance of straight and bended GFRP composite anchor bolt on the basis of a full-scale pullout test consisted of 8 surface sticky sand GFRP composite anti-floating anchors and 8 thread steel anti-floating anchors.The results show that the curved GFRP composites are unfavorable for improving the ultimate bearing capacity,and the longer with the bending length,the lower the ultimate bearing capacity is.However,bending treatment can effectively limit the displacement of the anchor bolt in the bottom plate,and the longer with the bending length,the more obvious the limiting effect shows.Increasing the anchorage length can effectively limit the displacement and improve the bearing capacity of the anchor bolts.The paper also introduces anti-floating anchor bending effect coefficient and puts forward the question which needs to be researched in the future based on the discussion of the influence about the anchorage properties of anchor bolts after bending.
Glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)composites had been applied in more and more anti-floating construction with their advantages such as high tensile strength,resistance to corrosion,low electromagnetic properties and so on,but the researched about their properties after bending are insufficient.To find the mechanical properties of bending GFRP composite anti-floating anchor,the paper studied the anchorage performance of straight and bended GFRP composite anchor bolt on the basis of a full-scale pullout test consisted of 8 surface sticky sand GFRP composite anti-floating anchors and 8 thread steel anti-floating anchors.The results show that the curved GFRP composites are unfavorable for improving the ultimate bearing capacity,and the longer with the bending length,the lower the ultimate bearing capacity is.However,bending treatment can effectively limit the displacement of the anchor bolt in the bottom plate,and the longer with the bending length,the more obvious the limiting effect shows.Increasing the anchorage length can effectively limit the displacement and improve the bearing capacity of the anchor bolts.The paper also introduces anti-floating anchor bending effect coefficient and puts forward the question which needs to be researched in the future based on the discussion of the influence about the anchorage properties of anchor bolts after bending.
引文
[1]战鹏.地铁杂散电流对钢筋混凝土结构腐蚀影响研究及防护[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009.ZHAN P.Research of the influence of metro stray current corrosion on reinforced concrete structures and protection[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2009(in Chinese).
[2]曾宪明,雷志梁,张文巾.关于锚杆“定时炸弹”问题的讨论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(1):143-147.ZENG X M,LEI Z L,ZHANG W J.Discussion about“time bomb”question for bolt[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(1):143-147(in Chinese).
[3]曾庆敦.复合材料的细观破坏机制与强度[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.ZENG Q D.Micro failure mechanism and strength of the composite[M].Beijing:China Science Press,2002(in Chinese).
[4]AHMED E A,El-SALAKAWY E F,BENMOKRANE B.Tensile capacity of GFRP post installed adhesive anchors in concrete[J].Journal of Composites for Construction,2008,12(6):596-607.
[5]ACI Committee.Guide for the design and construction of Structural concrete reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)bars:ACI 440.1R-15[S].Farmington Hills:American Concrete Institute,2001.
[6]American Concrete Institute.State-of-the-art report on fiber reinforced plastic reinforcement for concrete structures:ACI440R-96[R].Detroit:American Concrete Institute,1996.
[7]KARBHARI V M,CHIN J W,HUNSTON D,et al.Durability gap analysis for fiber-reinforced polymer composites in civil infrastructure[J].Journal of Composites for Construction,2003,7(3):238-247.
[8]CHU W,KARBHARI V M.Effect of water sorption on performance of pultruded E-glass/vinylester composites[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2005,17(1):63-71.
[9]张伟,薛炜,古伟斌,等.GFRP锚杆在软土地区深基坑工程中的应用研究[J].广东土木与建筑,2010(7):26-27+22ZHANG W,XUE W,GU W B,et al.Applied research of GFRP anchor for supporting deep foundation pit in soft-soil area[J].Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering,2010(7):26-27+22(in Chinese).
[10]于涛,刘钧,肖加余.拉应力对玻璃纤维增强聚合物基复合材料介电强度的影响[J].复合材料学报,2012,29(6):73-77.YU T,LIU J,XIAO J Y.Effect of tensile stress on dielectric strength of glass fiber reinforced composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2012,29(6):73-77(in Chinese).
[11]李国维,高磊,黄志怀,等.全长粘结玻璃纤维增强聚合物锚杆破坏机制拉拔模型试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(8):1653-1663.LI G W,GAO L,HUANG Z H,et al.Pull-out model experiment on failure mechanism of pull-length bonding glass fiber reinforced polymer rebar[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(8):1653-1663(in Chinese).
[12]黄生文,邱贤辉,罗文兴.GFRP锚杆锚固特性研究[J].长沙理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,6(3):33-39.HUANG W S,QIU X H,LUO W X.The bond feature researching of the GFRP(glass fiber reinforced polymer)bolt[J].Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2009,6(3):33-39(in Chinese).
[13]罗小勇,唐谢兴,匡亚川,等.GFRP锚杆锚固黏结性能试验研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2015(3):521-527.LUO X Y,TANG X X,KUANG Y C,et al.Test research on anchorage adhesive property of GFRP anchor bolt[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2015(3):521-527(in Chinese).
[14]张明义,寇海磊,白晓宇,等.玻璃纤维增强聚合物抗浮锚杆抗拔性能试验研究与机制分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(4):1069-1076.ZHANG M Y,KOU H L,BAI X Y,et al.Experimental study and mechanism analysis of the anti-pulling behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer anti-float anchor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(4):1069-1076(in Chinese).
[15]白晓宇,张明义,寇海磊.基于裸光纤光栅传感技术GFRP抗浮锚杆荷载传递机制的原位试验研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(8):172-181.BAI X Y,ZHANG M Y,KOU H L.Field experimental study of load transfer mechanism of GFRP anti-floating anchors based on embedded bare fiber grating sensing technology[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(8):172-181(in Chinese).
[16]于爱民,李趁趁,高丹盈,等.恶劣环境下纤维增强聚合物片材拉伸性能[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(7):1496-1504.YU A M,LI C C,GAO D Y,et al.Tensile properties of fiber reinforced polymer sheet exposed to severe environment[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(7):1496-1504(in Chinese).
[17]江苏省住房与城乡建设厅.玻璃纤维增强复合材料筋基坑工程应用技术规程:DGJ32/TJ 162-2014[S].南京:江苏凤凰科学技术出版社,2014.Jiangsu Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.Technical specification for excavation engineering application of GFRP bar:DGJ32/TJ 162-2014[S].Nanjing:Phoenix Science Press,2014(in Chinese).
[18]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.纤维增强复合材料建设工程应用技术规范:GB 50608-2010[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2011.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.Technical code for infrastructure application of FRP composites:GB 50608-2010[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2011(in Chinese).
[19]张明义,白晓宇,李伟伟.GFRP抗浮锚杆螺母托盘锚具外锚固性能试验[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(1):1672-7207.ZHANG M Y,BAI X Y,LI W W.Experiment on external anchorage performance for nut-pallet anchorage of GFRPanti-floating anchors[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(1):1672-7207(in Chinese).
[20]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.建筑基坑支护技术规程:JGJ 120-2012[S]北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.Technical specification for retaining and protection of building foundation excavations:JGJ120-2012[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2012(in Chinese)
[21]中国工程建设标准化协会.岩土锚杆(索)技术规程:CECS22-2005[S].北京:中国计划出版社2005.China Association for Engineering Construction Standardization.Technical specification for ground anchors:CECS 22-2005[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2005(in Chinese).
[22]白晓宇,张明义,李伟伟,等.GFRP抗浮锚杆外锚固性能室内试验研究与机理分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,46(10):3841-3847.BAI X Y,ZHANG M Y,LI W W,et al.Laboratory test study and mechanism analysis of external anchorage performance of GFRP anti-floating anchors[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2015,46(10):3841-3847(in Chinese).
[23]白晓宇.GFRP抗浮锚杆锚固机理试验研究与理论分析[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2015.BAI X Y.Experimental study and theoretical analysis on the anchoring mechanism for GFRP anti-floating anchor[D].Qingdao:Qingdao University of Technology,2015(in Chinese).
[2]曾宪明,雷志梁,张文巾.关于锚杆“定时炸弹”问题的讨论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(1):143-147.ZENG X M,LEI Z L,ZHANG W J.Discussion about“time bomb”question for bolt[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(1):143-147(in Chinese).
[3]曾庆敦.复合材料的细观破坏机制与强度[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.ZENG Q D.Micro failure mechanism and strength of the composite[M].Beijing:China Science Press,2002(in Chinese).
[4]AHMED E A,El-SALAKAWY E F,BENMOKRANE B.Tensile capacity of GFRP post installed adhesive anchors in concrete[J].Journal of Composites for Construction,2008,12(6):596-607.
[5]ACI Committee.Guide for the design and construction of Structural concrete reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)bars:ACI 440.1R-15[S].Farmington Hills:American Concrete Institute,2001.
[6]American Concrete Institute.State-of-the-art report on fiber reinforced plastic reinforcement for concrete structures:ACI440R-96[R].Detroit:American Concrete Institute,1996.
[7]KARBHARI V M,CHIN J W,HUNSTON D,et al.Durability gap analysis for fiber-reinforced polymer composites in civil infrastructure[J].Journal of Composites for Construction,2003,7(3):238-247.
[8]CHU W,KARBHARI V M.Effect of water sorption on performance of pultruded E-glass/vinylester composites[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2005,17(1):63-71.
[9]张伟,薛炜,古伟斌,等.GFRP锚杆在软土地区深基坑工程中的应用研究[J].广东土木与建筑,2010(7):26-27+22ZHANG W,XUE W,GU W B,et al.Applied research of GFRP anchor for supporting deep foundation pit in soft-soil area[J].Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering,2010(7):26-27+22(in Chinese).
[10]于涛,刘钧,肖加余.拉应力对玻璃纤维增强聚合物基复合材料介电强度的影响[J].复合材料学报,2012,29(6):73-77.YU T,LIU J,XIAO J Y.Effect of tensile stress on dielectric strength of glass fiber reinforced composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2012,29(6):73-77(in Chinese).
[11]李国维,高磊,黄志怀,等.全长粘结玻璃纤维增强聚合物锚杆破坏机制拉拔模型试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(8):1653-1663.LI G W,GAO L,HUANG Z H,et al.Pull-out model experiment on failure mechanism of pull-length bonding glass fiber reinforced polymer rebar[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(8):1653-1663(in Chinese).
[12]黄生文,邱贤辉,罗文兴.GFRP锚杆锚固特性研究[J].长沙理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,6(3):33-39.HUANG W S,QIU X H,LUO W X.The bond feature researching of the GFRP(glass fiber reinforced polymer)bolt[J].Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2009,6(3):33-39(in Chinese).
[13]罗小勇,唐谢兴,匡亚川,等.GFRP锚杆锚固黏结性能试验研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2015(3):521-527.LUO X Y,TANG X X,KUANG Y C,et al.Test research on anchorage adhesive property of GFRP anchor bolt[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2015(3):521-527(in Chinese).
[14]张明义,寇海磊,白晓宇,等.玻璃纤维增强聚合物抗浮锚杆抗拔性能试验研究与机制分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(4):1069-1076.ZHANG M Y,KOU H L,BAI X Y,et al.Experimental study and mechanism analysis of the anti-pulling behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer anti-float anchor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(4):1069-1076(in Chinese).
[15]白晓宇,张明义,寇海磊.基于裸光纤光栅传感技术GFRP抗浮锚杆荷载传递机制的原位试验研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(8):172-181.BAI X Y,ZHANG M Y,KOU H L.Field experimental study of load transfer mechanism of GFRP anti-floating anchors based on embedded bare fiber grating sensing technology[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(8):172-181(in Chinese).
[16]于爱民,李趁趁,高丹盈,等.恶劣环境下纤维增强聚合物片材拉伸性能[J].复合材料学报,2017,34(7):1496-1504.YU A M,LI C C,GAO D Y,et al.Tensile properties of fiber reinforced polymer sheet exposed to severe environment[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(7):1496-1504(in Chinese).
[17]江苏省住房与城乡建设厅.玻璃纤维增强复合材料筋基坑工程应用技术规程:DGJ32/TJ 162-2014[S].南京:江苏凤凰科学技术出版社,2014.Jiangsu Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.Technical specification for excavation engineering application of GFRP bar:DGJ32/TJ 162-2014[S].Nanjing:Phoenix Science Press,2014(in Chinese).
[18]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.纤维增强复合材料建设工程应用技术规范:GB 50608-2010[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2011.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.Technical code for infrastructure application of FRP composites:GB 50608-2010[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2011(in Chinese).
[19]张明义,白晓宇,李伟伟.GFRP抗浮锚杆螺母托盘锚具外锚固性能试验[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(1):1672-7207.ZHANG M Y,BAI X Y,LI W W.Experiment on external anchorage performance for nut-pallet anchorage of GFRPanti-floating anchors[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(1):1672-7207(in Chinese).
[20]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.建筑基坑支护技术规程:JGJ 120-2012[S]北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China.Technical specification for retaining and protection of building foundation excavations:JGJ120-2012[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2012(in Chinese)
[21]中国工程建设标准化协会.岩土锚杆(索)技术规程:CECS22-2005[S].北京:中国计划出版社2005.China Association for Engineering Construction Standardization.Technical specification for ground anchors:CECS 22-2005[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2005(in Chinese).
[22]白晓宇,张明义,李伟伟,等.GFRP抗浮锚杆外锚固性能室内试验研究与机理分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,46(10):3841-3847.BAI X Y,ZHANG M Y,LI W W,et al.Laboratory test study and mechanism analysis of external anchorage performance of GFRP anti-floating anchors[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2015,46(10):3841-3847(in Chinese).
[23]白晓宇.GFRP抗浮锚杆锚固机理试验研究与理论分析[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2015.BAI X Y.Experimental study and theoretical analysis on the anchoring mechanism for GFRP anti-floating anchor[D].Qingdao:Qingdao University of Technology,2015(in Chinese).
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