深水弯曲水道几何形态定量分析——以赤道几内亚Rio Muni盆地为例
|
摘要
深水水道作为深水沉积体系中重要的沉积单元之一,一直是深水沉积和地层研究的热点。基于西非几内亚湾Rio Muni盆地陆坡区的高分辨率三维地震资料,利用地震属性及参数定量分析法对第四系陆坡重力流水道的剖面和平面形态进行了研究,旨在探索深水水道内部结构的相互影响和外部因素对水道形态的控制,丰富深水沉积学理论。研究表明:坡度及距水道头部距离影响了深水水道的剖面和平面形态,随着坡度变缓,距水道头部距离越远,水道宽度越小;堤岸于中、下陆坡开始发育,水道堤岸脊的高程差及内、外弯曲带都不同程度地影响了堤岸的长度;水道的弯曲度控制着堤岸脊高程差的变化,同时作用于堤岸长度的变化;样本水道为高弯曲水道,且弯曲度受地形坡度控制。
As a kind of important sedimentary elements in deep-water depositional systems,submarine channels have long been a focus of research in deep-water sedimentology and stratigraphy.Based on the interpretation of high-resolution 3 Dseismic data from the slope area of the Rio Muni Basin in the Gulf of Guinea,West Africa,quantitative analysis method for seismic attributes and parameters are used to analyze the Quaternary continental slope gravity flow channels in both profiles and plane views.It is observed that:(1)the slope and length of a channel are the key factors that affecting the profile and plane shape of the deep water channel.As the slope becomes gentler,the channel extends longer,and the water channel develops from "deep and wide"to"deep and narrow".However,the depth of the channel adjacent to the slope break of shelf is greater than the channels on other types of slopes;(2)the sinuous channel usually begins to develop on the middle-lower part of a slope,and the heights of the inner bank and the outer bank of the channel control the length of banks,and the length of the inner bank in the channel is greater than that of the outer bank;(3)as the curvature of the channel increases,the difference in the height of channel banks is getting larger,and the average length of the bank is longer;(4)in the steep slope area,the curvature of the channel is small,and the curvature increases as the slope becomes gentler.
As a kind of important sedimentary elements in deep-water depositional systems,submarine channels have long been a focus of research in deep-water sedimentology and stratigraphy.Based on the interpretation of high-resolution 3 Dseismic data from the slope area of the Rio Muni Basin in the Gulf of Guinea,West Africa,quantitative analysis method for seismic attributes and parameters are used to analyze the Quaternary continental slope gravity flow channels in both profiles and plane views.It is observed that:(1)the slope and length of a channel are the key factors that affecting the profile and plane shape of the deep water channel.As the slope becomes gentler,the channel extends longer,and the water channel develops from "deep and wide"to"deep and narrow".However,the depth of the channel adjacent to the slope break of shelf is greater than the channels on other types of slopes;(2)the sinuous channel usually begins to develop on the middle-lower part of a slope,and the heights of the inner bank and the outer bank of the channel control the length of banks,and the length of the inner bank in the channel is greater than that of the outer bank;(3)as the curvature of the channel increases,the difference in the height of channel banks is getting larger,and the average length of the bank is longer;(4)in the steep slope area,the curvature of the channel is small,and the curvature increases as the slope becomes gentler.
引文
[1] Yuan S Q,Yao G S,Lv F L,et al.Features of late Cenozoic deepwater sedimentation in South Qiongdongnan Basin,Northwestern South China Sea[J].Journal of China University of Geosciences,2009,20(1):172-179.
[2] Jobe Z R,Lowe D R,Uchytil S J.Two fundamentally different types of submarine canyons along the continental margin of Equatorial Guinea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2011,28(3):843-860.
[3]李磊，邵子玮，都鹏燕，等．穆尼盆地第四纪深水弯曲水道：沉积构型、成因及沉积过程[J]．现代地质，2012,26(2):349-354.
[4] Alpak F O,Barton M D,Naruk S J.The impact of finescale turbidite channel architecture on deep-water reservoir performance[J].AAPG Bulletin,2013,97(2):251-284.
[5]王琪，田兵，马晓峰，等．珠江口盆地白云深水区深水水道沉积体系及成因模式[J]．天然气地球科学，2017,28(10):1497-1505.
[6]蔡露露，刘春成，吕明，等．西非下刚果盆地深水水道发育特征及沉积储层预测[J]．中国海上油气，2016,28(2):60-70.
[7]李磊，闫瑞，李宁涛，等．西非Rio Muni盆地深水水道特征与成因[J]．现代地质，2015,29(1):80-88.
[8]张金淼，韩文明，范洪耀，等．西非深水区地震勘探关键技术研究及应用实践[J]．中国海上油气，2013,25(6):43-47.
[9]孙辉，刘少治，马宏霞，等．东非鲁武马盆地海底水道—朵体体系粗粒浊流沉积物波特征及主控因素[J]．沉积学报，2017,35(4):763-771.
[10]陈宇航，姚根顺，吕福亮，等．东非鲁伍马盆地深水区构造—沉积演化过程及油气地质特征[J]．海相油气地质，2016,21(2):39-46.
[11]吴胜和，王星．深水浊积朵叶储层构型模式研究[J]．天然气地球科学，2014,25(8):1197-1204.
[12] Alpak F O,Barton M D,Caers J.A flow-based pattern recognition algorithm for rapid quantification of geologic uncertainty[J].Computational Geosciences,2010,14(4):603-621.
[13] Wood L J.Quantitative seismic geomorphology of Pliocene and Miocene fluvial systems in the Northern Gulf of Mexico,U.S.A.[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2007,77(9):713-730.
[14]倪春华，周小进，包建平，等．西非里奥穆尼盆地油气成藏条件及勘探方向[J]．石油实验地质，2014,36(5):583-588.
[15] Hansen L,Janocko M,Kane I,et al.Submarine channel evolution,terrace development,and preservation of intrachannel thin-bedded turbidites:Mahin and Avon channels,offshore Nigeria[J].Marine Geology,2017,11(6):146-167.
[16]刘新颖，于水，胡孝林，等．深水水道坡度与曲率的定量关系及控制作———以西非Rio Muni盆地为例[J]．吉林大学学报（地球科学版），2012,42(1):127-134.
[17] Li L,Gong C L,Steel R J.Bankfull discharge as a key control on submarine channel morphology and architecture:case study from the Rio Muni Basin,West Africa[J].Marine Geology,2018,40(1):66-80.
[18] Gong C,Wang Y,Steel R J,et al.Flow processes and sedimentation in unidirectionally migrating deep-water channels:from a three-dimensional seismic perspective[J].Sedimentology,2016,63(3):645-661.
[19] Zhang J,Wu S,Hu G,et al.Sea-level control on the submarine fan architecture in a deepwater sequence of the Niger Delta Basin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2018,94(5):179-197.
[20] Gong C,Steel R J,Wang Y,et al.Grain size and transport regime at shelf edge as fundamental controls on delivery of shelf-edge sands to deepwater[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2016,157(5):32-60.
[21] Jobe Z R,Howes N C,Auchter N C.Comparing submarine and fluvial channel kinematics:implications for stratigraphic architecture[J].Geology,2016,44(11):931-934.
[22]曹军，钟宁宁，邓运华，等．里奥穆尼盆地上白垩统海相烃源岩地球化学特征及生烃潜力[J]．天然气地球科学，2014,25(9):1426-1436.
[23]傅志飞，姜雄鹰，肖莹，等．赤道几内亚里奥穆尼盆地构造演化特征及油气勘探前景[J]．海洋地质前沿，2014,30(01):41-47.
[24]李涛，胡望水，胡芳，等．里奥穆尼盆地重力滑脱构造发育特征及演化规律[J]．石油天然气学报，2012,34(4):1-6.
[25]赵晓明，刘丽，谭程鹏，等．海底水道体系沉积构型样式及控制因素：以尼日尔三角洲盆地陆坡区为例[J]．古地理学报，2018,20(5):825-840.
[26]李磊，李志军，闫瑞，等．Rio Muni盆地第四纪陆坡地震地貌学[J]．沉积学报，2014,32(3):485-493.
[27] Gong C,Steel R J,Wang Y,et al.Unidirectionally migrating deep-water channels:Architectural styles and flow processes[C].Agu Fall Meeting,2014:345.
[28] Zhao X M,Qi K,Liu L,et al.Development of a partiallyavulsed submarine channel on the Niger Delta continental slope:Architecture and controlling factors[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2018,95(8):30-49.
[29]王琪，田兵，马晓峰，等．珠江口盆地白云深水区深水水道沉积体系及成因模式[J]．天然气地球科学，2017,28(10):1497-1505.
[30]田冬梅，姜涛，张道军，等．海底水道特征及其成因机制：以莺歌海盆地乐东区莺歌海组一段为例[J]．地球科学（中国地质大学学报），2017,42(1):130-141.
[31] Jobe Z R,Lowe D R,Uchytil S J.Two fundamentally different types of submarine canyons along the continental margin of Equatorial Guinea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2011,28(3):843-860.
[2] Jobe Z R,Lowe D R,Uchytil S J.Two fundamentally different types of submarine canyons along the continental margin of Equatorial Guinea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2011,28(3):843-860.
[3]李磊，邵子玮，都鹏燕，等．穆尼盆地第四纪深水弯曲水道：沉积构型、成因及沉积过程[J]．现代地质，2012,26(2):349-354.
[4] Alpak F O,Barton M D,Naruk S J.The impact of finescale turbidite channel architecture on deep-water reservoir performance[J].AAPG Bulletin,2013,97(2):251-284.
[5]王琪，田兵，马晓峰，等．珠江口盆地白云深水区深水水道沉积体系及成因模式[J]．天然气地球科学，2017,28(10):1497-1505.
[6]蔡露露，刘春成，吕明，等．西非下刚果盆地深水水道发育特征及沉积储层预测[J]．中国海上油气，2016,28(2):60-70.
[7]李磊，闫瑞，李宁涛，等．西非Rio Muni盆地深水水道特征与成因[J]．现代地质，2015,29(1):80-88.
[8]张金淼，韩文明，范洪耀，等．西非深水区地震勘探关键技术研究及应用实践[J]．中国海上油气，2013,25(6):43-47.
[9]孙辉，刘少治，马宏霞，等．东非鲁武马盆地海底水道—朵体体系粗粒浊流沉积物波特征及主控因素[J]．沉积学报，2017,35(4):763-771.
[10]陈宇航，姚根顺，吕福亮，等．东非鲁伍马盆地深水区构造—沉积演化过程及油气地质特征[J]．海相油气地质，2016,21(2):39-46.
[11]吴胜和，王星．深水浊积朵叶储层构型模式研究[J]．天然气地球科学，2014,25(8):1197-1204.
[12] Alpak F O,Barton M D,Caers J.A flow-based pattern recognition algorithm for rapid quantification of geologic uncertainty[J].Computational Geosciences,2010,14(4):603-621.
[13] Wood L J.Quantitative seismic geomorphology of Pliocene and Miocene fluvial systems in the Northern Gulf of Mexico,U.S.A.[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2007,77(9):713-730.
[14]倪春华，周小进，包建平，等．西非里奥穆尼盆地油气成藏条件及勘探方向[J]．石油实验地质，2014,36(5):583-588.
[15] Hansen L,Janocko M,Kane I,et al.Submarine channel evolution,terrace development,and preservation of intrachannel thin-bedded turbidites:Mahin and Avon channels,offshore Nigeria[J].Marine Geology,2017,11(6):146-167.
[16]刘新颖，于水，胡孝林，等．深水水道坡度与曲率的定量关系及控制作———以西非Rio Muni盆地为例[J]．吉林大学学报（地球科学版），2012,42(1):127-134.
[17] Li L,Gong C L,Steel R J.Bankfull discharge as a key control on submarine channel morphology and architecture:case study from the Rio Muni Basin,West Africa[J].Marine Geology,2018,40(1):66-80.
[18] Gong C,Wang Y,Steel R J,et al.Flow processes and sedimentation in unidirectionally migrating deep-water channels:from a three-dimensional seismic perspective[J].Sedimentology,2016,63(3):645-661.
[19] Zhang J,Wu S,Hu G,et al.Sea-level control on the submarine fan architecture in a deepwater sequence of the Niger Delta Basin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2018,94(5):179-197.
[20] Gong C,Steel R J,Wang Y,et al.Grain size and transport regime at shelf edge as fundamental controls on delivery of shelf-edge sands to deepwater[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2016,157(5):32-60.
[21] Jobe Z R,Howes N C,Auchter N C.Comparing submarine and fluvial channel kinematics:implications for stratigraphic architecture[J].Geology,2016,44(11):931-934.
[22]曹军，钟宁宁，邓运华，等．里奥穆尼盆地上白垩统海相烃源岩地球化学特征及生烃潜力[J]．天然气地球科学，2014,25(9):1426-1436.
[23]傅志飞，姜雄鹰，肖莹，等．赤道几内亚里奥穆尼盆地构造演化特征及油气勘探前景[J]．海洋地质前沿，2014,30(01):41-47.
[24]李涛，胡望水，胡芳，等．里奥穆尼盆地重力滑脱构造发育特征及演化规律[J]．石油天然气学报，2012,34(4):1-6.
[25]赵晓明，刘丽，谭程鹏，等．海底水道体系沉积构型样式及控制因素：以尼日尔三角洲盆地陆坡区为例[J]．古地理学报，2018,20(5):825-840.
[26]李磊，李志军，闫瑞，等．Rio Muni盆地第四纪陆坡地震地貌学[J]．沉积学报，2014,32(3):485-493.
[27] Gong C,Steel R J,Wang Y,et al.Unidirectionally migrating deep-water channels:Architectural styles and flow processes[C].Agu Fall Meeting,2014:345.
[28] Zhao X M,Qi K,Liu L,et al.Development of a partiallyavulsed submarine channel on the Niger Delta continental slope:Architecture and controlling factors[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2018,95(8):30-49.
[29]王琪，田兵，马晓峰，等．珠江口盆地白云深水区深水水道沉积体系及成因模式[J]．天然气地球科学，2017,28(10):1497-1505.
[30]田冬梅，姜涛，张道军，等．海底水道特征及其成因机制：以莺歌海盆地乐东区莺歌海组一段为例[J]．地球科学（中国地质大学学报），2017,42(1):130-141.
[31] Jobe Z R,Lowe D R,Uchytil S J.Two fundamentally different types of submarine canyons along the continental margin of Equatorial Guinea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2011,28(3):843-860.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |