水化学和环境同位素对济南东源饮用水源地地下水演化过程的指示
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摘要
济南东源水源地属于岩溶裂隙水,是济南市的主要供水水源.以济南市东源水源地为研究区,通过对研究区地下水和地表水的主要离子含量、氢氧同位素比值分析,揭示了东源饮用水源地地下水的补给来源、地表水的影响及水岩作用过程.结果表明,区内地下水水化学类型相似,阳离子以Ca~(2+)为主,阴离子以HCO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)离子为主;大气降水是该地区地下水和河水的主要补给来源,且经历了不同程度的蒸发作用.地下水化学组分主要受水-岩作用的控制,方解石和石膏等贫镁矿物的溶解沉淀以及上覆第四系地层硅酸盐矿物的水解是区内地下水水化学组分的主要来源;部分地段河水污染渗漏补给地下水,造成地下水污染,主要超标指标为总硬度、NO_3~-、NH_4~+、SO_4~(2-)、Fe和Mn.
The Dongyuan groundwater source area,which is the main drinking water source of Ji'nan City,is karst fissure water. To identify groundwater recharge sources,the influence of surface water,hydrochemical evolution,hydrochemical and isotopic components(~2H and ~(18)O) of groundwater and surface water samples collected from the Dongyuan groundwater source were investigated. The results showed that the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater were similar,and the main ions were Ca~(2+),HCO_3~-,and SO_4~(2-). The groundwater,which suffered evaporation to varying degrees,was recharged mainly by precipitation. The hydrochemical composition of regional groundwater is mainly controlled by water-rock interactions,including dissolution/precipitation of carbonate minerals in the limestone aquifers and hydrolysis of silicates minerals in the quaternary aquifers,above the limestone aquifers. In some areas,groundwater was polluted by infiltration of river water. The main indicators of groundwater pollution that exceeded groundwater quality standards were total hardness,NO_3~-,NH_4~+ ,SO_4~(2-),Fe,and Mn.
The Dongyuan groundwater source area,which is the main drinking water source of Ji'nan City,is karst fissure water. To identify groundwater recharge sources,the influence of surface water,hydrochemical evolution,hydrochemical and isotopic components(~2H and ~(18)O) of groundwater and surface water samples collected from the Dongyuan groundwater source were investigated. The results showed that the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater were similar,and the main ions were Ca~(2+),HCO_3~-,and SO_4~(2-). The groundwater,which suffered evaporation to varying degrees,was recharged mainly by precipitation. The hydrochemical composition of regional groundwater is mainly controlled by water-rock interactions,including dissolution/precipitation of carbonate minerals in the limestone aquifers and hydrolysis of silicates minerals in the quaternary aquifers,above the limestone aquifers. In some areas,groundwater was polluted by infiltration of river water. The main indicators of groundwater pollution that exceeded groundwater quality standards were total hardness,NO_3~-,NH_4~+ ,SO_4~(2-),Fe,and Mn.
引文
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[16] Min M Z,Peng X J,Zhou X L,et al. Hydrochemistry and isotope compositions of groundwater from the Shihongtan sandstone-hosted uranium deposit,Xinjiang,NW China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2007,93(2):91-108.
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[21]郑淑蕙,侯发高,倪葆龄.我国大气降水的氢氧稳定同位素研究[J].科学通报,1983,28(13):801-806.
[22] Gibbs R J. Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry[J].Science,1970,170(3962):1088-1090.
[23] Lakshmanan E,Kannan R,Kumar M S. Major ion chemistry and identification of hydrogeochemical processes of ground water in a part of Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India[J].Environmental Geosciences,2003,10(4):157-166.
[24]安乐生,赵全升,叶思源,等.黄河三角洲浅层地下水化学特征及形成作用[J].环境科学,2012,33(2):370-378.An L S,Zhao Q S,Ye S Y,et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of shallow groundwater in the Yellow River Delta[J]. Environmental Science,2012,33(2):370-378.
[25]姜光辉,郭芳,于奭.岩溶水系统的水化学曲线及其在水文地质研究中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2015,45(3):899-907.Jiang G H,Guo F,Yu S. Chemographs of karst water system and its new application in hydrogeological survey[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2015,45(3):899-907.
[26]李学礼,孙占学,刘金辉.水文地球化学[M].(第三版).北京:原子能出版社,2010.
[27]曹昭华.长江中下游地区地下水环境形成的控制因素[J].江西地质,1993,7(3):211-222.
[28]苏春利,李义连,王焰新.深圳市东湖矿泉水形成机理探讨[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(4):85-90.Su C L,Li Y L,Wang Y X. Mechanism of form discussion of Donghu mineral water in Shenzhen city[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information,22(4):85-90.
[2]王东海,李春,高焰,等.人类活动对济南泉域地下水水质的影响[J].中国环境监测,2003,19(5):18-21.Wang D H,Li C,Gao Y,et al. Effect on groundwater quality of Jinan spring region by human activity[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China,2003,19(5):18-21.
[3]高宗军,徐军祥,王世臣,等.济南岩溶水微量元素分布特征及其水文地质意义[J].地学前缘,2014,21(4):135-146.Gao Z J, Xu J X, Wang S C, et al. The distribution characteristics and hydrogeological significance of trace elements in karst water, Jinan, China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2014,21(4):135-146.
[4] Ako A A,Shimada J,Hosono T,et al. Flow dynamics and age of groundwater within a humid equatorial active volcano(Mount Cameroon)deduced byδD,δ18O,3H and chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2013,502:156-176.
[5] Su C L,Wang Y X,Xie X J,et al. An isotope hydrochemical approach to understand fluoride release into groundwaters of the Datong Basin, Northern China[J]. Environmental Science:Processes&Impacts,2015,17(4):791-801.
[6]党慧慧,董军,董阳,等.甘肃梨园河流域地下水水化学演化规律[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(4):454-461.Dang H H,Dong J,Dong Y,et al. Evolution of the groundwater hydro-geochemistry of Liyuan River Basin in Gansu Province[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences),2015,51(4):454-461.
[7]许乃政,刘红樱,魏峰,等.江苏洋口港地区地下水的环境同位素组成及其形成演化研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(12):3862-3871.Xu N Z,Liu H Y,Wei F,et al. Study on the environmental isotope compositions and their evolution in groundwater of Yoco port in Jiangsu Province, China[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(12):3862-3871.
[8]马燕华,苏春利,刘伟江,等.水化学和环境同位素在示踪枣庄市南部地下水硫酸盐污染源中的应用[J].环境科学,2016,37(12):4690-4699.Ma Y H,Su C L,Liu W J,et al. Identification of sulfate sources in the groundwater system of Zaozhuang:Evidences from isotopic and hydrochemical characteristics[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(12):4690-4699.
[9]董维红,苏小四,谢渊,等.鄂尔多斯白垩系盆地地下水水-岩反应的锶同位素证据[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010,40(2):342-348.Dong W H,Su X S,Xie Y,et al. Groundwater-rock interaction in the Ordos Cretaceous groundwater basin:Strontium isotope evidence[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2010,40(2):342-348.
[10] Xie X J,Wang Y X,Ellis A,et al. Delineation of groundwater flow paths using hydrochemical and strontium isotope composition:a case study in high arsenic aquifer systems of the Datong basin,northern China[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2013,476:87-96.
[11] Bakari S S,Aagaard P,Vogt R D,et al. Strontium isotopes as tracers for quantifying mixing of groundwater in the alluvial plain of a coastal watershed,south-eastern Tanzania[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2013,130:1-14.
[12]叶萍,金勤胜,周爱国,等.河北平原地下水锶同位素形成机理[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2008,33(1):137-144.Ye P,Jin Q S,Zhou A G,et al. Formation mechanism of Sr isotopes in groundwater of Hebei Plain[J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2008,33(1):137-144.
[13] Dogramaci S S,Herczeg A L. Strontium and carbon isotope constraints on carbonate-solution interactions and inter-aquifer mixing in groundwaters of the semi-arid Murray basin,Australia[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2002,262(1-4):50-67.
[14] Harkness J S,Darrah T H,Warner N R,et al. The geochemistry of naturally occurring methane and saline groundwater in an area of unconventional shale gas development[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2017,208:302-334.
[15] Négrel P. Water-granite interaction:clues from strontium,neodymium and rare earth elements in soil and waters[J].Applied Geochemistry,2006,21(8):1432-1454.
[16] Min M Z,Peng X J,Zhou X L,et al. Hydrochemistry and isotope compositions of groundwater from the Shihongtan sandstone-hosted uranium deposit,Xinjiang,NW China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2007,93(2):91-108.
[17] GB/T 14848-2017,地下水质量标准[S].
[18] GB 3838-2002,地表水环境质量标准[S].
[19]宋献方,刘相超,夏军,等.基于环境同位素技术的怀沙河流域地表水和地下水转化关系研究[J].中国科学D辑,2007,37(1):102-110.
[20] Su C L,Wang Y X,Pan Y L. Hydrogeochemical and isotopic evidences of the groundwater regime in Datong Basin,Northern China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,70(2):877-885.
[21]郑淑蕙,侯发高,倪葆龄.我国大气降水的氢氧稳定同位素研究[J].科学通报,1983,28(13):801-806.
[22] Gibbs R J. Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry[J].Science,1970,170(3962):1088-1090.
[23] Lakshmanan E,Kannan R,Kumar M S. Major ion chemistry and identification of hydrogeochemical processes of ground water in a part of Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, India[J].Environmental Geosciences,2003,10(4):157-166.
[24]安乐生,赵全升,叶思源,等.黄河三角洲浅层地下水化学特征及形成作用[J].环境科学,2012,33(2):370-378.An L S,Zhao Q S,Ye S Y,et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of shallow groundwater in the Yellow River Delta[J]. Environmental Science,2012,33(2):370-378.
[25]姜光辉,郭芳,于奭.岩溶水系统的水化学曲线及其在水文地质研究中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2015,45(3):899-907.Jiang G H,Guo F,Yu S. Chemographs of karst water system and its new application in hydrogeological survey[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2015,45(3):899-907.
[26]李学礼,孙占学,刘金辉.水文地球化学[M].(第三版).北京:原子能出版社,2010.
[27]曹昭华.长江中下游地区地下水环境形成的控制因素[J].江西地质,1993,7(3):211-222.
[28]苏春利,李义连,王焰新.深圳市东湖矿泉水形成机理探讨[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(4):85-90.Su C L,Li Y L,Wang Y X. Mechanism of form discussion of Donghu mineral water in Shenzhen city[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information,22(4):85-90.
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