起伏地形条件下侧扫声呐探测存在的问题及改进方法——以海底管道检测为例
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摘要
基于海底管道的检测数据,讨论了起伏地形对传统侧扫声呐探测结果的影响,为起伏地形条件下应用侧扫声呐探测海底管道的调查方案设计、探测精度优化提供参考。研究表明:海底管道周边存在的冲刷槽以及堆积体等复杂地形对侧扫声呐探测有遮挡效应,测量过程中需控制拖体与目标物的相对位置,保证有效覆盖,避免漏测;根据区域地形分布特征,海底跟踪时通过手动设置符合整体地形走势的水深值,忽略小规模起伏地形对拖体高度取值的影响,可有效降低斜距改正后平面位置偏离及目标物的形态畸变;分析了地形起伏的影响因素(k)对海底管道出露及悬空高度计算结果的影响,通过几何近似和简化,提出了海底管道出露及悬空高度计算结果改进方法,并应用该方法对已知管径的海底管道进行了验证,修正后管径反演值的绝均差和均方差都减小为原来的10%左右,可供侧扫声呐数据解释借鉴。
Based on the submarine pipeline inspection data,discusses the complex terrain's impact to the side scan sonar detection,which is good at optimizing the survey scheme and the side scan sonar interpretation in submarine pipeline inspection.The conclusion includes:The complex terrain such as scouring depression and small accumulation nearby would shading the pipeline,therefore it is necessary to control the relative position between pipeline and the towfish to avoid omission.Manually adjusting the height of tow fish caused bycomplex terrain can reduce the position distortion effectively.analyzed the impaction(k)of complex terrain to the calculated height of suspend pipeline and inverted the pipeline diameter,the calculation accuracy is significantly improved.
Based on the submarine pipeline inspection data,discusses the complex terrain's impact to the side scan sonar detection,which is good at optimizing the survey scheme and the side scan sonar interpretation in submarine pipeline inspection.The conclusion includes:The complex terrain such as scouring depression and small accumulation nearby would shading the pipeline,therefore it is necessary to control the relative position between pipeline and the towfish to avoid omission.Manually adjusting the height of tow fish caused bycomplex terrain can reduce the position distortion effectively.analyzed the impaction(k)of complex terrain to the calculated height of suspend pipeline and inverted the pipeline diameter,the calculation accuracy is significantly improved.
引文
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[2]Thomas Beckett Reed IV.Digital iamge processing techniques for enhangcement and classification of sea MARC II side scan sonar iamgery[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1989,94(B6):7469-7490.
[3]H.Paul Johnson.The geological interpretation of side-scan sonar[J].Reviews of Geophysics,1990,28(4):357-380.
[4]赵建虎,尚晓东,张红梅.侧扫声呐图像反演海底地形的一种线性算法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(5):80-86.ZHAO Jianhu,SHANG Xiaodong,ZHANG Hongmei.Obtaining high-resolution seafloor topography from side scan sonar image using a linear algorithm[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2017,49(5):80-86.
[5]王爱学,赵建虎,尚晓东.单波束水深约束的侧扫声呐图像三维微地形反演[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2017,38(5):739-745.WANG Aixue,ZHAO Jianhu,SHANG Xiaodong,et al.Recovery of seabed 3D micro-topography from side-scan sonar image constrained by single-beam soundings[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2017,38(5):739-745.
[6]李平,杜军,吴桑云.基于CAATI技术的条带测深/侧扫声纳系统C3D-LPM[J].海岸工程,2010,29(4):50-56.LI Ping,DU Jun,WU Sang-yun.C3D-PLM sonar system based on CATTI technology for ship-track bathymetry and side scanning[J].Coastal Engineering,2010,29(4):50-56.
[7]姜小俊,刘仁义,刘南,等.强潮地区海底管线状态检测方法研究-杭州湾海底管线状态检测[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2009,43(9):1740-1742.JIANG Xiao-jun,LIU Ren-yi,LIU Nan,et al.Method to submarine pipe status inspention in strong tide region:Submarine pipe status in Hangzhou Bay[J].Journal of Zhenjiang Universtiy(Engineering Scince),2009,43(9):1740-1742.
[8]Recommended Operating Guidelines(ROG)for Sidescan Sonars[M].Mesh Atlantic:[s.n.]:2013.
[9]刘乐军,傅命佐,李家钢,等.荔湾3_1气田海底管道深水段地质灾害特征[J].海洋科学进展,2014,32(2):162-174.LIU Le-jun,FU Ming-zuo,LI Jia-gang,et al.Geologic hazards in the deep pipeline routing area of the Liwawn 3-1Gsa field in the South Chian Sea[J].Advances in Marine Science,2014,32(2):162-174.
[10]朱钰,丁翔宇,陈飞,等.海南乐东陆架海底沙波分布特征及对海底管道的影响[J].海洋开发与管理,2016(11):60-62.ZHU Yu,DING Xiangyu,CHEN Fei,et al.Distribution characteristic of sand waves in Ledong continental shelf,Hainan Provice and its impacts on submarine pipelines[J].Ocean Development and Management,2016(11):60-62.
[11]熊春宝,田磊,熊爱成,等.侧扫声呐声波掠射角对海底管道检测的影响[J].测绘通报,2016(4):58-63.XIONG Chunbao,TIAN Lei,XIONG Aicheng,et al.Research on influence of incidence angle in inspection of submarine pipeline by side scan sonar[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2016(4):58-63.
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