二维相关红外光谱分析鉴别不同产地黑木耳
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摘要
不同产地黑木耳的营养成分含量存在差异,因此对黑木耳的产地鉴别具有实用价值。选取8个不同产地的黑木耳,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FT-IR)和二维相关红外光谱(two-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy,2D-IR),对不同样本的2D-IR谱图进行处理和分析,并结合系统聚类分析以鉴别黑木耳的不同产地。结果显示,不同产地黑木耳的傅里叶变换红外光谱整体特征极为相似,偏相关系数的最小值为0.955,不能用于区分黑木耳的产地。不同产地黑木耳在1 730～1 400 cm-1、1 350～1 040 cm-1以及1 030～900 cm-1范围内的二维相关红外光谱中自动峰数目不同,它们之间的自动峰和交叉峰的强度也有较大差异;对1 700～950 cm-1范围内的FT-IR光谱进行系统聚类分析,不同产地黑木耳都得到正确归类。结果表明,二维相关红外光谱分析,结合系统聚类分析能够简单、快速、无损地鉴别不同产地黑木耳。
The nutrient contents of Auricularia auricula produced at different areas are different. Therefore,it has practical value to identify the producing areas of A. auricula. This paper selected 8 kinds of A. auricula from different producing areas; analyzed them by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) two-dimensional correlation infrared( 2 D-IR) spectroscopy; and identified them with hierarchical cluster analysis( HCA). The results showed that fourier transformed infrared( FT-IR) spectra of 8 samples resembled extremely in holistic spectral profile,and their partial correlation coefficient was no less than 0.955,which could not be used to distinguish their origin. In their2 D-IR spectra,the numbers of auto-peaks were different in the range of 1 730 ～ 1 400 cm-1,1 350～1 040 cm-1 and1 030 ～ 900 cm-1. Meanwhile, there were more differences in the intensities of auto-peaks and cross-peaks.Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted on A. auricula with FT-IR spectra in the range of 1 700 ～ 950 cm-1,and all samples from different areas were distinguished correctly. These results demonstrated that A. auricula produced at different areas could be simply and rapidly identified by 2 D-IR combined with hierarchical cluster analysis without prejudice.
The nutrient contents of Auricularia auricula produced at different areas are different. Therefore,it has practical value to identify the producing areas of A. auricula. This paper selected 8 kinds of A. auricula from different producing areas; analyzed them by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) two-dimensional correlation infrared( 2 D-IR) spectroscopy; and identified them with hierarchical cluster analysis( HCA). The results showed that fourier transformed infrared( FT-IR) spectra of 8 samples resembled extremely in holistic spectral profile,and their partial correlation coefficient was no less than 0.955,which could not be used to distinguish their origin. In their2 D-IR spectra,the numbers of auto-peaks were different in the range of 1 730 ～ 1 400 cm-1,1 350～1 040 cm-1 and1 030 ～ 900 cm-1. Meanwhile, there were more differences in the intensities of auto-peaks and cross-peaks.Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted on A. auricula with FT-IR spectra in the range of 1 700 ～ 950 cm-1,and all samples from different areas were distinguished correctly. These results demonstrated that A. auricula produced at different areas could be simply and rapidly identified by 2 D-IR combined with hierarchical cluster analysis without prejudice.
引文
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[4] Nguyen T L,Wang D Y,Hu Y L,et al.. Immuno-enhancing activity of sulfated Auricularia auricula polysaccharides[J].Carbohydr. Polym.,2012,89(4):1117-1122.
[5]施树,罗章.西藏不同地区野生黑木耳成分分析[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(2):33-36.Shi S,Luo Z. An analysis about wild black fungus nutrition composition from different regions of Tibet[J]. Food Res.Devel.,2017,38(2):33-36.
[6]冯小飞,赵宁.不同产地黑木耳总膳食纤维及油脂含量分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016,2:122-125.Feng X F,Zhao N. The content of total dietary fiber and grease of the Auricularia auricula in different areas[J]. Heilongjiang Agric. Sci.,2016,2:122-125.
[7]樊永康,徐思绮,周晴,等.不同产地黑木耳提取物的活性[J].食用菌学报,2016,23(1):71-76.Fan Y K,Xu S Q,Zhou Q,et al.. Biological activity of extracts of Auricularia auricula-judae fruit bodies cultivated in different regions of China[J]. Acta Edulis Fungi,2016,23(1):71-76.
[8]张彦龙,穆跃,李元敬,等.地理环境和基因型对黑木耳营养组成和品质结构的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(2):233-238.Zhang Y L,Mu Y,Li Y J,et al.. Effects of geographical environment and genotype on nutritional contents,texture and microstructure of Auricularia auricula-judae[J]. Food Sci.,2018,39(2):233-238.
[9] Liu Y L,Lu Q F. Identification and cultivation of a wild mushroom from banana pseudo-stem sheath[J]. Sci. Hortic.,2011,129(4):922-925.
[10] Sugauwara R,Yamada S,Tu Z,et al.. Rapid and reliable species identification of wild mushrooms by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDITOF MS)[J]. Anal. Chim. Acta,2016,934:163-169.
[11] Malheiro R, Pinho P G D, Soares S, et al.. Volatile biomarkers for wild mushrooms species discrimination[J].Food Res. Int.,2013,54(1):186-194.
[12]马殿旭,刘刚,欧全宏,等.乳菇和红菇的红外光谱及其二维相关红外光谱的分析与鉴别[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(7):2104-2110.Ma D X,Liu G,Ou Q H,et al.. Discrimination of Lactarius and Russula mushrooms with FTIR and two-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy[J]. Spectrosc. Spect. Anal.,2016,36(7):2104-2110.
[13]孙素琴,周群,陈建波.中药红外光谱分析与鉴定[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.Sun S Q,Zhou Q,Chen J B. Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine by infrared spectroscopy[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010.
[14] Choong Y K, Sun S Q, Zhou Q, et al.. Verification of Ganoderma(Lingzhi)commercial products by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and two-dimensional IR correlation spectroscopy[J]. J. Mol. Struct.,2014,1069:60-72.
[15]时有明,刘刚,孙艳琳,等. FTIR光谱结合系统聚类分析鉴别松茸和姬松茸的研究[J].光散射学报,2010,22(2):171-174.Shi Y M,Liu G,Sun Y L,et al.. Identification of Tricholoma matsutake(S. Ito et Imai)Sing and Agaricus Blazei Murrill using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and hierarchical cluster analysis[J]. J. Light Scatt.,2010,22(2):171-174.
[16] Zimmermann B. Characterization of pollen by vibrational spectroscopy[J]. Appl. Spectrosc.,2010,64(12):1364-1373
[17] Chen N D,Chen N F,Li J,et al.. Rapid authentication of different ages of tissue-cultured and wild Dendrobium huoshanense as well as wild Dendrobium henanense using FTIR and 2D-COS IR[J]. J. Mol. Struct.,2015,1101:101-108.
[18] Chen X L,Liu X C,Sheng D P,et al.. Distinction of broken cellular wall Ganoderma lucidum spores and G. lucidum spores using FTIR microspectroscopy[J]. Spectrochim. Acta A,2012,97:667-672.
[19]杨天伟,张霁,李涛,等.基于主成分分析和聚类分析的不同产地绒柄牛肝菌红外光谱鉴别研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(6):1726-1730.Yang T W,Zhang J,Li Tao,et al.. Discrimination of Boletus tomentipes from different regions based on infrared spectrum combined with principal component analysis and cluster analysis[J]. Spectrosc. Spect. Anal.,2016,36(6):1726-1730.
[20]时有明,刘刚,刘剑虹,等.不同产地黑木耳的傅里叶变换红外光谱鉴别[J].光学学报,2007,27(1):129-132.Shi Y M,Liu G,Liu J H,et al.. Identification of Auricularia auricula from different regions by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy[J]. Acta Opt. Sin.,2007,27(1):129-132.
[21]时有明,刘刚,孙艳琳,等.黑木耳霉变前后的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2011,31(3):644-646.Shi Y M,Liu G,Sun Y L,et al.. Studies on normal and mildew Auricularia auricular by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy[J]. Spectrosc. Spect. Anal.,2011,31(3):644-646.
[22] Zhao C H,Gao F R,Niu D P,et al.. A two-step basis vector extraction strategy for multiset variable correlation analysis[J].Chem. Intell. Labor. Syst.,2011,107(1):147-154.
[23]李会梅,刘刚,马殿旭,等.基于曲线拟合的6种豆的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(32):81-86.Li H M,Liu G,Ma D X,et al.. Study on six species of beans by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy based on curve-fitting[J]. Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull.,2015,31(32):81-86.
[24] Wang X,Chen X L,Qi Z M,et al.. A study of Ganoderma lucidum spores by FTIR microspectroscopy[J]. Spectrochim.Acta A,2012,91:285-289.
[25] Choong Y K,Sun S Q,Zhou Q,et al.. Determination of storage stability of the crude extracts of Ganoderma lucidum using FTIR and 2D-IR spectroscopy[J]. Vib. Spectrosc.,2011,57(1):87-96.
[26] Ma F,Chen J B,Wu X X,et al.. Rapid discrimination of Panax notogeinseng of different grades by FT-IR and 2DCOSIR[J]. J. Mol. Struct.,2016,1124:131-137.
[27] Choong Y K,Lan J,Lee H L,et al.. Differential identification of mushrooms sclerotia by IR macro-fingerprint method[J].Spectrochim. Acta A,2016,152:34-42.
[28] Ahmed M K, Daun J K, PrzbyIski R. FT-IR based methodology for quantitation of total tocopherols,tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8 in vegetable oils[J]. J. Food Compos.Anal.,2005,18(5):359-364.
[29]马殿旭,刘刚,欧全宏,等.七种牛肝菌的红外光谱鉴别[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(8):2479-2486.Ma D X,Liu G,Ou Q H,et al.. Discrimination of seven species of Boletus with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy[J]. Spectrosc. Spect. Anal.,2016,36(8):2479-2486.
[30]李丹,苏晓声,孟运东,等.二维红外相关光谱的研究和应用[J].印制电路信息,2013,4:54-60.Li D, Su X S, Meng Y D, et al.. Application study of generalized two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy[J]. Printed Circuit Inform.,2013,4:54-60.
[31]郭兴,李滇华,任广明,等. ISSR分子标记鉴别黑龙江地区黑木耳主栽品种的研究[J].中国林副特产,2010(6):14-16.Guo X,Li D H,Ren G M,et al.. Identification of major cultivated strains of Auricularia auricula from Heilongjiang by ISSR marker[J]. For. By-Product Spec. China,2010(6):14-16.
[32]张介驰,马庆芳,张丕齐,等.用RAPD分子标记鉴别黑木耳菌种的研究[J].菌物研究,2006,4(4):54-56.Zhang J C,Ma Q F,Zhang P Q,et al.. Study on identification of cultivated strains of Auricularia auricula by RAPD marker[J]. J. Fungal Res.,2006,4(4):54-56.
[2] Sun S J,Zhang X J,Chen W X,et al.. Production of natural edible melanin by Auricularia auricula and its physicochemical properties[J]. Food Chem.,2016,196:486-492.
[3] Khaskheli S G,Zheng W,Sheikh S A,et al.. Characterization of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides and its antioxidant properties in fresh and pickled product[J]. Int. J. Biol.Macromolecules,2015,81:387-395.
[4] Nguyen T L,Wang D Y,Hu Y L,et al.. Immuno-enhancing activity of sulfated Auricularia auricula polysaccharides[J].Carbohydr. Polym.,2012,89(4):1117-1122.
[5]施树,罗章.西藏不同地区野生黑木耳成分分析[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(2):33-36.Shi S,Luo Z. An analysis about wild black fungus nutrition composition from different regions of Tibet[J]. Food Res.Devel.,2017,38(2):33-36.
[6]冯小飞,赵宁.不同产地黑木耳总膳食纤维及油脂含量分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016,2:122-125.Feng X F,Zhao N. The content of total dietary fiber and grease of the Auricularia auricula in different areas[J]. Heilongjiang Agric. Sci.,2016,2:122-125.
[7]樊永康,徐思绮,周晴,等.不同产地黑木耳提取物的活性[J].食用菌学报,2016,23(1):71-76.Fan Y K,Xu S Q,Zhou Q,et al.. Biological activity of extracts of Auricularia auricula-judae fruit bodies cultivated in different regions of China[J]. Acta Edulis Fungi,2016,23(1):71-76.
[8]张彦龙,穆跃,李元敬,等.地理环境和基因型对黑木耳营养组成和品质结构的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(2):233-238.Zhang Y L,Mu Y,Li Y J,et al.. Effects of geographical environment and genotype on nutritional contents,texture and microstructure of Auricularia auricula-judae[J]. Food Sci.,2018,39(2):233-238.
[9] Liu Y L,Lu Q F. Identification and cultivation of a wild mushroom from banana pseudo-stem sheath[J]. Sci. Hortic.,2011,129(4):922-925.
[10] Sugauwara R,Yamada S,Tu Z,et al.. Rapid and reliable species identification of wild mushrooms by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDITOF MS)[J]. Anal. Chim. Acta,2016,934:163-169.
[11] Malheiro R, Pinho P G D, Soares S, et al.. Volatile biomarkers for wild mushrooms species discrimination[J].Food Res. Int.,2013,54(1):186-194.
[12]马殿旭,刘刚,欧全宏,等.乳菇和红菇的红外光谱及其二维相关红外光谱的分析与鉴别[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(7):2104-2110.Ma D X,Liu G,Ou Q H,et al.. Discrimination of Lactarius and Russula mushrooms with FTIR and two-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy[J]. Spectrosc. Spect. Anal.,2016,36(7):2104-2110.
[13]孙素琴,周群,陈建波.中药红外光谱分析与鉴定[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.Sun S Q,Zhou Q,Chen J B. Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine by infrared spectroscopy[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010.
[14] Choong Y K, Sun S Q, Zhou Q, et al.. Verification of Ganoderma(Lingzhi)commercial products by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and two-dimensional IR correlation spectroscopy[J]. J. Mol. Struct.,2014,1069:60-72.
[15]时有明,刘刚,孙艳琳,等. FTIR光谱结合系统聚类分析鉴别松茸和姬松茸的研究[J].光散射学报,2010,22(2):171-174.Shi Y M,Liu G,Sun Y L,et al.. Identification of Tricholoma matsutake(S. Ito et Imai)Sing and Agaricus Blazei Murrill using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and hierarchical cluster analysis[J]. J. Light Scatt.,2010,22(2):171-174.
[16] Zimmermann B. Characterization of pollen by vibrational spectroscopy[J]. Appl. Spectrosc.,2010,64(12):1364-1373
[17] Chen N D,Chen N F,Li J,et al.. Rapid authentication of different ages of tissue-cultured and wild Dendrobium huoshanense as well as wild Dendrobium henanense using FTIR and 2D-COS IR[J]. J. Mol. Struct.,2015,1101:101-108.
[18] Chen X L,Liu X C,Sheng D P,et al.. Distinction of broken cellular wall Ganoderma lucidum spores and G. lucidum spores using FTIR microspectroscopy[J]. Spectrochim. Acta A,2012,97:667-672.
[19]杨天伟,张霁,李涛,等.基于主成分分析和聚类分析的不同产地绒柄牛肝菌红外光谱鉴别研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(6):1726-1730.Yang T W,Zhang J,Li Tao,et al.. Discrimination of Boletus tomentipes from different regions based on infrared spectrum combined with principal component analysis and cluster analysis[J]. Spectrosc. Spect. Anal.,2016,36(6):1726-1730.
[20]时有明,刘刚,刘剑虹,等.不同产地黑木耳的傅里叶变换红外光谱鉴别[J].光学学报,2007,27(1):129-132.Shi Y M,Liu G,Liu J H,et al.. Identification of Auricularia auricula from different regions by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy[J]. Acta Opt. Sin.,2007,27(1):129-132.
[21]时有明,刘刚,孙艳琳,等.黑木耳霉变前后的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2011,31(3):644-646.Shi Y M,Liu G,Sun Y L,et al.. Studies on normal and mildew Auricularia auricular by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy[J]. Spectrosc. Spect. Anal.,2011,31(3):644-646.
[22] Zhao C H,Gao F R,Niu D P,et al.. A two-step basis vector extraction strategy for multiset variable correlation analysis[J].Chem. Intell. Labor. Syst.,2011,107(1):147-154.
[23]李会梅,刘刚,马殿旭,等.基于曲线拟合的6种豆的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(32):81-86.Li H M,Liu G,Ma D X,et al.. Study on six species of beans by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy based on curve-fitting[J]. Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull.,2015,31(32):81-86.
[24] Wang X,Chen X L,Qi Z M,et al.. A study of Ganoderma lucidum spores by FTIR microspectroscopy[J]. Spectrochim.Acta A,2012,91:285-289.
[25] Choong Y K,Sun S Q,Zhou Q,et al.. Determination of storage stability of the crude extracts of Ganoderma lucidum using FTIR and 2D-IR spectroscopy[J]. Vib. Spectrosc.,2011,57(1):87-96.
[26] Ma F,Chen J B,Wu X X,et al.. Rapid discrimination of Panax notogeinseng of different grades by FT-IR and 2DCOSIR[J]. J. Mol. Struct.,2016,1124:131-137.
[27] Choong Y K,Lan J,Lee H L,et al.. Differential identification of mushrooms sclerotia by IR macro-fingerprint method[J].Spectrochim. Acta A,2016,152:34-42.
[28] Ahmed M K, Daun J K, PrzbyIski R. FT-IR based methodology for quantitation of total tocopherols,tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8 in vegetable oils[J]. J. Food Compos.Anal.,2005,18(5):359-364.
[29]马殿旭,刘刚,欧全宏,等.七种牛肝菌的红外光谱鉴别[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(8):2479-2486.Ma D X,Liu G,Ou Q H,et al.. Discrimination of seven species of Boletus with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy[J]. Spectrosc. Spect. Anal.,2016,36(8):2479-2486.
[30]李丹,苏晓声,孟运东,等.二维红外相关光谱的研究和应用[J].印制电路信息,2013,4:54-60.Li D, Su X S, Meng Y D, et al.. Application study of generalized two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy[J]. Printed Circuit Inform.,2013,4:54-60.
[31]郭兴,李滇华,任广明,等. ISSR分子标记鉴别黑龙江地区黑木耳主栽品种的研究[J].中国林副特产,2010(6):14-16.Guo X,Li D H,Ren G M,et al.. Identification of major cultivated strains of Auricularia auricula from Heilongjiang by ISSR marker[J]. For. By-Product Spec. China,2010(6):14-16.
[32]张介驰,马庆芳,张丕齐,等.用RAPD分子标记鉴别黑木耳菌种的研究[J].菌物研究,2006,4(4):54-56.Zhang J C,Ma Q F,Zhang P Q,et al.. Study on identification of cultivated strains of Auricularia auricula by RAPD marker[J]. J. Fungal Res.,2006,4(4):54-56.
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