水稻萌发期和幼苗期耐低温指标体系构建及综合评价
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摘要
为探究水稻品种间耐低温性鉴定方法,以8个水稻品种和3个自育品系为材料,以种子萌发和幼苗生长指标的相对值作为耐低温性评价指标,在主成分分析的基础上,利用模糊数学中的隶属函数法对11个水稻品种进行耐低温性综合评价,16个鉴定指标中筛选出5个主成分,其中发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、株高、根干重、根表面积和根体积可作为水稻品种耐低温性的鉴定指标。加权隶属函数法评价出11个水稻材料耐低温性强弱顺序,聚类分析结果将11个水稻材料耐低温性聚为3类,第Ⅰ类耐低温性较强,第Ⅱ类耐低温性中等,第Ⅲ类耐低温性最弱。结果为水稻材料耐低温性评价方法和这11个水稻品种的生产应用提供一定的依据。
To investigate the identification methods for rice low temperature tolerance among different varieties,taking8 rice varieties and 3 self-bred rice strains as materials,and relative value of seed germination index and seedling growth index as assessment indicators for rice low temperature tolerance,this paper carried out comprehensive evaluation on low temperature tolerance of 11 rice materials by method of membership function in fuzzy mathematics on the basis of principal component analysis and classified by clustering methodology. The results showed that 5 principal components were screened among 16 identified indexes,among which germination potential,germination rate,germination index,plant height,dry weight of root,superficial area of root and root volume could be as the indexes for rice low temperature tolerance identification. The order of low temperature tolerance of 11 rice varieties was appraised by weighted membership function methods. Clustering analysis results showed that the low temperature tolerance of 11 rice varieties was classified into 3 categories: Class Ⅰ with strongest low temperature tolerance; ClassⅡ with medium low temperature tolerance; Class Ⅲ with the weakest low temperature tolerance. These results could provide certain basis for identification methods of rice low temperature tolerance and production of 11 rice varieties.
To investigate the identification methods for rice low temperature tolerance among different varieties,taking8 rice varieties and 3 self-bred rice strains as materials,and relative value of seed germination index and seedling growth index as assessment indicators for rice low temperature tolerance,this paper carried out comprehensive evaluation on low temperature tolerance of 11 rice materials by method of membership function in fuzzy mathematics on the basis of principal component analysis and classified by clustering methodology. The results showed that 5 principal components were screened among 16 identified indexes,among which germination potential,germination rate,germination index,plant height,dry weight of root,superficial area of root and root volume could be as the indexes for rice low temperature tolerance identification. The order of low temperature tolerance of 11 rice varieties was appraised by weighted membership function methods. Clustering analysis results showed that the low temperature tolerance of 11 rice varieties was classified into 3 categories: Class Ⅰ with strongest low temperature tolerance; ClassⅡ with medium low temperature tolerance; Class Ⅲ with the weakest low temperature tolerance. These results could provide certain basis for identification methods of rice low temperature tolerance and production of 11 rice varieties.
引文
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[11]覃宝祥，刘立龙，韩飞怡，等．普通野生稻染色体片段代换系的孕穗期耐冷性研究[J]．基因组学与应用生物学，2015,34(6):1283-1289.Qin B X,Liu L L,Han F Y,et al.. Study on cold tolerance of chromosome segment substitution lines derived from wild rice(Oryza rufipogon)as donor at booting stage[J]. Genomics Appl. Biol.,2015,34(6):1283-1289.
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[13]姜丽霞，季生太，李帅，等．黑龙江省水稻空壳率与孕穗期低温的关系[J]．应用生态学报，2010,21(7):1725-1730.Jiang L X,Ji S T,Li S,et al.. Relationships between rice empty grain rate and low temperature at booting stage in Heilongjiang province[J]. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol.,2010,21(7):1725-1730.
[14] Pan Y,Zhang H,Zhang D,et al.. Genetic analysis of cold tolerance at the germination and booting stages in rice by association mapping[J]. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10(3):e0120590.
[15]陈新，宋高原，张宗文，等．PEG-6000胁迫下裸燕麦萌发期抗旱性鉴定与评价[J]．植物遗传资源学报，2014,15(6):1188-1195.Chen X,Song G Y,Zhang Z W,et al.. Identification and evaluation of drought resistance of naked oat(Avena nuda L.)under PEG-6000 stress at germination stage[J]. J. Plant Genetic Resour.,2014,15(6):1188-1195.
[16]张宇君，赵丽丽，王普昶，等．燕麦萌发期抗旱指标体系构建及综合评价[J]．核农学报，2017,31(11):2236-2242.Zhang Y J,Zhao L L,Wang P C,et al.. Construction and comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance index system in oatmea during germination[J]. J. Nucl. Agric. Sci.,2017,31(11):2236-2242.
[17]武辉，侯丽丽，周艳飞，等．不同棉花基因型幼苗耐寒性分析及其鉴定指标筛选[J]．中国农业科学，2012,45(9):1703-1713.Wu H,Hou L L,Zhou Y F,et al.. Analysis of chillingtolerance and determination of chilling-tolerance evaluation indicators in cotton of different genotypes[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,2012,45(9):1703-1713.
[18]李春红，姚兴东，鞠宝韬，等．不同基因型大豆耐荫性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选[J]．中国农业科学，2014,47(15):2927-2939.Li C H,Yao X D,Ju B T,et al.. Analysis of shade-tolerance and determination of shade-tolerance evaluation indicators in different soybean genotypes[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,2014,47(15):2927-2939.
[19]郑金凤，米少艳，婧姣姣，等．小麦代换系耐低磷生理性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J]．中国农业科学，2013,46(10):1984-1993.Zheng J F,Mi S Y,Jing J J,et al.. Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation on physiological traits of tolerance to low phosphorus stress in wheat substitution[J].Sci. Agric. Sin.,2013,46(10):1984-1993.
[20]于崧，郭潇潇，梁海芸，等．不同基因型绿豆萌发期耐盐碱性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选[J]．植物生理学报，2017,53(9):1629-1639.Yu S,Guo X X,Liang H Y,et al.. Analysis of saline-alkaline tolerance and screening of identification indicators at the germination stage among different mung bean genotypes[J]. J.Plant Physiol.,2017,53(9):1629-1639.
[21]李琳，于崧，蒋永超，等．芸豆苗期耐盐碱性鉴定及品种筛选研究[J]．植物生理学报，2016,52(1):62-72.Li L,Yu S,Jiang Y C,et al.. Identification and screening of different kidney bean cultivars for saline-alkaline tolerance during seedling stage[J]. J. Plant Physiol.,2016,52(1):62-72.
[22]刘雪梅，尚庆茂，张志刚．辣椒不同品种种子萌芽期耐低温性及评价方法研究[J]．中国生态农业学报，2010,18(3):521-527.Liu X M,Shang Q M,Zhang Z G. Low-temperature tolerance of pepper at germination stage and its evaluation method[J].Chin. J. Eco-Agric.,2010,18(3):521-527.
[23]马文广，崔华威，李永平，等．20个烟草品种低温逆境下发芽和苗期生理生化特性的变化及耐寒性评价[J]．浙江农业学报，2011,23(2):232-238.Ma W G,Cui H W,Li Y P,et al.. Effects of low temperature stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of 20tobacco cultivars and assessment of their cold tolerance at germination and seedling stages[J]. Acta Agric.Zhejiangensis,2011,23(2):232-238.
[24] Sharifi P. Evaluation on sixty-eight rice germplasms in cold tolerance at germination stage[J]. Rice Sci.,2010,17(1):77-81.
[25] Falster D S,Westoby M. Plant height and evolutionary games[J]. Trends Ecol. Evol.,2003,18:337-343.
[26] Grotkopp E, Rejmánek M, Rost T L. Toward a causal explanation of plant invasiveness:Seedling growth and lifehistory strategies of 29 pine(Pinus)species[J]. Am. Nat.,2002,159:396-419.
[27]曲彦婷，熊燕，韩辉，等．不同福禄考品种对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性综合评价[J]．植物生理学报，2016,52(4):487-496.Qu Y T,Xiong Y,Han H,et al.. Physiological response to low temperature stress and comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance on different Phlox varieties[J]. Plant Physiol. J.,2016,52(4):487-496.
[28]闫忠业，吕天星，王冬梅，等．低温下六个苹果新品种抗性生理指标的比较[J]．植物生理学报，2015,51(1):93-96.Yan Z Y,Lyu T X,Wang D M,et al.. Comparison of resistant physiological index among six new apple cultivars after low temperature treatment[J]. Plant Physiol. J.,2015,51(1):93-96.
[29]张海艳．低温对鲜食玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]．植物生理学报，2013,49(4):347-350.Zhang H Y. Effects of low temperature on seed germination and seedling growth of fresh corn[J]. Plant Physiol. J.,2013,49(4):347-350.
[2] Zhang Q,Chen Q,Wang S,et al.. Rice and cold stress:Methods for its evaluation and summary of cold tolerancerelated quantitative trait loci[J]. Rice,2014,7(24):1-12.
[3]刘次桃，王威，毛毕刚，等．水稻耐低温逆境研究:分子生理机制及育种展望[J]．遗传，2018,40(3):171-185.Liu C T,Wang W,Mao B G,et al.. Cold stress tolerance in rice:Physiological changes,molecular mechanism,and future prospects[J]. Hereditas,2018,40(3):171-185.
[4] Zhang Z,Li J,Pan Y,et al.. Natural variation in CTB4a enhances rice adaptation to cold habitats[J]. Nat. Commun.,2017,14788(8):1-11.
[5] Tang Y Y,Wang C T,Yang G P,et al.. Identification of chilling responsive transcripts in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)[J]. Electron. J. Biotechnol.,2012,14(2):3-4.
[6] Mahender A,Anandan A,Pradhan SK. Early seedling vigour,an imperative trait for direct-seeded rice:An overview on physio-morphological parameters and molecular markers[J].Planta,2015,241(5):1027-1050.
[7]王慧．水稻直播技术特点及发展现状[J]．农业科技与装备，2017,271:72-73.Wang H. Characteristics and developing status of rice direct sowing technology[J]. Agric. Sci. Technol. Equip.,2017,271:72-73.
[8] Fujino K,Sekiguchi H,Sato T,et al.. Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling low-temperature germinability in rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Theor. Appl. Genet.,2004,108(5):794-799.
[9]姜心禄，杨永波，付明全，等．不同直播方式下种子处理方式对直播稻出苗和产量的影响[J]．中国稻米，2017,23(4):111-114.Jiang X L, Yang Y B, Fu M Q, et al.. Effects of seed treatments on seedling emergence and yield of direct seeding rice under different direct seeding methods[J]. China Rice,2017,23(4):111-114.
[10] Hsu S K, Tung C W. Genetic mapping of anaerobic germination-associated QTLs controlling coleoptile elongation in rice[J]. Rice,2015,8(1):1-12.
[11]覃宝祥，刘立龙，韩飞怡，等．普通野生稻染色体片段代换系的孕穗期耐冷性研究[J]．基因组学与应用生物学，2015,34(6):1283-1289.Qin B X,Liu L L,Han F Y,et al.. Study on cold tolerance of chromosome segment substitution lines derived from wild rice(Oryza rufipogon)as donor at booting stage[J]. Genomics Appl. Biol.,2015,34(6):1283-1289.
[12] Demir I,Ermis S,Mavi K,et al.. Mean germination time of pepper seed lots(Capsicum annuum L.)predicts size and uniformity of seedlings in germination tests and transplant modules[J]. Seed Sci. Technol.,2008,36(1):21-30.
[13]姜丽霞，季生太，李帅，等．黑龙江省水稻空壳率与孕穗期低温的关系[J]．应用生态学报，2010,21(7):1725-1730.Jiang L X,Ji S T,Li S,et al.. Relationships between rice empty grain rate and low temperature at booting stage in Heilongjiang province[J]. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol.,2010,21(7):1725-1730.
[14] Pan Y,Zhang H,Zhang D,et al.. Genetic analysis of cold tolerance at the germination and booting stages in rice by association mapping[J]. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10(3):e0120590.
[15]陈新，宋高原，张宗文，等．PEG-6000胁迫下裸燕麦萌发期抗旱性鉴定与评价[J]．植物遗传资源学报，2014,15(6):1188-1195.Chen X,Song G Y,Zhang Z W,et al.. Identification and evaluation of drought resistance of naked oat(Avena nuda L.)under PEG-6000 stress at germination stage[J]. J. Plant Genetic Resour.,2014,15(6):1188-1195.
[16]张宇君，赵丽丽，王普昶，等．燕麦萌发期抗旱指标体系构建及综合评价[J]．核农学报，2017,31(11):2236-2242.Zhang Y J,Zhao L L,Wang P C,et al.. Construction and comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance index system in oatmea during germination[J]. J. Nucl. Agric. Sci.,2017,31(11):2236-2242.
[17]武辉，侯丽丽，周艳飞，等．不同棉花基因型幼苗耐寒性分析及其鉴定指标筛选[J]．中国农业科学，2012,45(9):1703-1713.Wu H,Hou L L,Zhou Y F,et al.. Analysis of chillingtolerance and determination of chilling-tolerance evaluation indicators in cotton of different genotypes[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,2012,45(9):1703-1713.
[18]李春红，姚兴东，鞠宝韬，等．不同基因型大豆耐荫性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选[J]．中国农业科学，2014,47(15):2927-2939.Li C H,Yao X D,Ju B T,et al.. Analysis of shade-tolerance and determination of shade-tolerance evaluation indicators in different soybean genotypes[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,2014,47(15):2927-2939.
[19]郑金凤，米少艳，婧姣姣，等．小麦代换系耐低磷生理性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J]．中国农业科学，2013,46(10):1984-1993.Zheng J F,Mi S Y,Jing J J,et al.. Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation on physiological traits of tolerance to low phosphorus stress in wheat substitution[J].Sci. Agric. Sin.,2013,46(10):1984-1993.
[20]于崧，郭潇潇，梁海芸，等．不同基因型绿豆萌发期耐盐碱性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选[J]．植物生理学报，2017,53(9):1629-1639.Yu S,Guo X X,Liang H Y,et al.. Analysis of saline-alkaline tolerance and screening of identification indicators at the germination stage among different mung bean genotypes[J]. J.Plant Physiol.,2017,53(9):1629-1639.
[21]李琳，于崧，蒋永超，等．芸豆苗期耐盐碱性鉴定及品种筛选研究[J]．植物生理学报，2016,52(1):62-72.Li L,Yu S,Jiang Y C,et al.. Identification and screening of different kidney bean cultivars for saline-alkaline tolerance during seedling stage[J]. J. Plant Physiol.,2016,52(1):62-72.
[22]刘雪梅，尚庆茂，张志刚．辣椒不同品种种子萌芽期耐低温性及评价方法研究[J]．中国生态农业学报，2010,18(3):521-527.Liu X M,Shang Q M,Zhang Z G. Low-temperature tolerance of pepper at germination stage and its evaluation method[J].Chin. J. Eco-Agric.,2010,18(3):521-527.
[23]马文广，崔华威，李永平，等．20个烟草品种低温逆境下发芽和苗期生理生化特性的变化及耐寒性评价[J]．浙江农业学报，2011,23(2):232-238.Ma W G,Cui H W,Li Y P,et al.. Effects of low temperature stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of 20tobacco cultivars and assessment of their cold tolerance at germination and seedling stages[J]. Acta Agric.Zhejiangensis,2011,23(2):232-238.
[24] Sharifi P. Evaluation on sixty-eight rice germplasms in cold tolerance at germination stage[J]. Rice Sci.,2010,17(1):77-81.
[25] Falster D S,Westoby M. Plant height and evolutionary games[J]. Trends Ecol. Evol.,2003,18:337-343.
[26] Grotkopp E, Rejmánek M, Rost T L. Toward a causal explanation of plant invasiveness:Seedling growth and lifehistory strategies of 29 pine(Pinus)species[J]. Am. Nat.,2002,159:396-419.
[27]曲彦婷，熊燕，韩辉，等．不同福禄考品种对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性综合评价[J]．植物生理学报，2016,52(4):487-496.Qu Y T,Xiong Y,Han H,et al.. Physiological response to low temperature stress and comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance on different Phlox varieties[J]. Plant Physiol. J.,2016,52(4):487-496.
[28]闫忠业，吕天星，王冬梅，等．低温下六个苹果新品种抗性生理指标的比较[J]．植物生理学报，2015,51(1):93-96.Yan Z Y,Lyu T X,Wang D M,et al.. Comparison of resistant physiological index among six new apple cultivars after low temperature treatment[J]. Plant Physiol. J.,2015,51(1):93-96.
[29]张海艳．低温对鲜食玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]．植物生理学报，2013,49(4):347-350.Zhang H Y. Effects of low temperature on seed germination and seedling growth of fresh corn[J]. Plant Physiol. J.,2013,49(4):347-350.
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