江苏盐城滨海湿地的退化现状、成因与生态恢复对策
|
摘要
受全球气候变化和人类活动的双重影响,我国滨海湿地正面临严重的破坏,并逐渐出现部分退化、消亡.概括盐城滨海湿地退化的现状,分析滨海湿地退化的多重因素,如海岸侵蚀、海平面上升等自然因素,滨海湿地围垦、水产养殖、水环境污染、滨海湿地资源的不合理利用、外来物种入侵等人为因素;探讨滨海湿地生态恢复的主要目标,总结滨海湿地生态恢复的主要技术:基底修复技术、水动力修复技术、植被恢复技术、土壤恢复技术.
Due to the dual effects of global climate change and human activities,coastal wetlands in China are facing serious damage,and gradually degenerate and disappear.In this paper,Yancheng coastal wetlands is taken as the research object,and the multiple factors of coastal wetland degradation are analyzed,such as coastal erosion,sea level rise and other natural factors,coastal wetland reclamation,aquaculture,water environmental pollution,unreasonable use of coastal wetland resources,invasion of alien species and other human factors.The main objectives of coastal wetland ecological restoration are discussed.Finally,according to the four elements of wetland,the paper puts forward the main technologies of coastal wetland ecological restoration:base restoration technology,hydrodynamic restoration technology,vegetation restoration technology and soil restoration technology.
Due to the dual effects of global climate change and human activities,coastal wetlands in China are facing serious damage,and gradually degenerate and disappear.In this paper,Yancheng coastal wetlands is taken as the research object,and the multiple factors of coastal wetland degradation are analyzed,such as coastal erosion,sea level rise and other natural factors,coastal wetland reclamation,aquaculture,water environmental pollution,unreasonable use of coastal wetland resources,invasion of alien species and other human factors.The main objectives of coastal wetland ecological restoration are discussed.Finally,according to the four elements of wetland,the paper puts forward the main technologies of coastal wetland ecological restoration:base restoration technology,hydrodynamic restoration technology,vegetation restoration technology and soil restoration technology.
引文
[1]谷东起,赵晓涛,夏东兴.中国海岸湿地退化压力因素的综合分析[J].海洋学报,2003,25(1):78-85.
[2]吕宪国.中国湿地与湿地研究[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2008:1-3.
[3]魏忠平,范俊岗,潘文利,等.辽宁滨海湿地研究现状、问题对策与展望[C]//中国科学技术学会.湖泊湿地与绿色发展——第五届中国湖泊论坛论文集:2015年卷.长春:吉林人民出版社,2015:72-75.
[4] BEAUCHARD O,JACOBS S,COX T J S,et al.A new technique for tidal habitat restoration:evaluation of its hydrological potentials[J].Ecological Engineering,2011,37(11):1849-1858.
[5] CHAPMAN M G,UNDERWOOD A J.Evaluation of ecological engineering of“armoured”shorelines to improve their value as habitat[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2011,400(1):302-313.
[6] TEAL J M,WEISHAR L.Ecological engineering adaptive management and restoration management in Delaware Bay salt marsh restoration[J].Ecological Engineering,2005,25(3):304-314.
[7] MARIS T,COX T,TEMMERMAN S,et al.Tuning the tide:creating ecological conditions for tidal marsh development in a flood control area[J].Hydrobiologia,2007,588(1):31-43.
[8]任葳,王安东,冯光海,等.基于水位控制的黄河三角洲退化滨海湿地恢复及其短期效应[J].湿地科学与管理,2016,12(4):4-8.
[9]曹牧,蒋劭妍,陈婷媛,等.崇明东滩自然与人工修复湿地鸟类种群特征对比研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(6):113-120.
[10]陈亚瞿,施利燕,全为民.长江口生态修复工程底栖动物群落的增殖放流及效果评估[J].渔业现代化,2007(2):35-39.
[11]王敬华,何大巍,张策,等.江苏盐城滨海湿地研究进展[J].湿地科学与管理,2011,7(3):60-63.
[12]邱虎.江苏盐城滨海湿地生态系统健康评价与保护对策研究[D].金华:浙江师范大学,2012.
[13]陆健健.中国滨海湿地的分类[J].环境导报,1996(1):1-2.
[14]陈洪全,张华兵.江苏盐城沿海滩涂湿地生态修复研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2016(4):43-49.
[15]吕士成,孙明,邓锦东,等.盐城沿海滩涂湿地及其生物多样性保护[J].农业环境与发展,2007(1):11-13.
[16]盛建明,罗锋.江苏海涂围垦关键技术及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2017.
[17]欧维新,杨桂山,于兴修,等.盐城海岸带土地利用变化的生态环境效应研究[J].资源科学,2004,26(3):76-83.
[18]周云轩,田波,黄颖,等.我国海岸带湿地生态系统退化成因及其对策[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(10):1157-1166.
[19]姚志刚,陈玉清,袁芳,等.江苏省滨海湿地现状、问题及保护对策[J].林业科技开发,2014,28(4):10-14.
[20]谷东起,付军,闫文文,等.盐城滨海湿地退化评估及分区诊断[J].湿地科学,2012,10(1):1-7.
[21]张晓龙.现代黄河三角洲滨海湿地环境演变及退化研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2005.
[22]赵真真.基于自然美的滨海湿地二元修复模式研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2014.
[23]易思,谭金凯,李梦雅,等.长江口海平面上升预测及其对滨海湿地影响[J].气候变化研究进展,2017,13(6):598-605.
[24] NICHOLLS R J,HOOZEMANS F M J,MARCHAND M.Increasing flood risk and wetland losses due to global sea-level rise:regional and global analyses[J].Global Environmental Change,1999,9(S1):69-87.
[25] MARIOTTI G,FAGHERAZZI S.Critical width of tidal flats triggers marsh collapse in the absence of sea-level rise[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2013,110(14):5353-5356.
[26]郑江鹏,花卫华,崔彩霞,等.基于GIS的江苏海洋滩涂环境数据管理系统的设计与实现[J].淮海工学院学报(自然科学版),2018,27(3):88-92.
[27]张永泽,王烜.自然湿地生态恢复研究综述[J].生态学报,2001,21(2):309-314.
[28]陈雪初,高如峰,黄晓琛,等.欧美国家盐沼湿地生态恢复的基本观点、技术手段与工程实践进展[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(3):467-472.
[29]李晶,雷茵茹,崔丽娟,等.我国滨海滩涂湿地现状及研究进展[J].林业资源管理,2018(2):24-28,137.
[2]吕宪国.中国湿地与湿地研究[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2008:1-3.
[3]魏忠平,范俊岗,潘文利,等.辽宁滨海湿地研究现状、问题对策与展望[C]//中国科学技术学会.湖泊湿地与绿色发展——第五届中国湖泊论坛论文集:2015年卷.长春:吉林人民出版社,2015:72-75.
[4] BEAUCHARD O,JACOBS S,COX T J S,et al.A new technique for tidal habitat restoration:evaluation of its hydrological potentials[J].Ecological Engineering,2011,37(11):1849-1858.
[5] CHAPMAN M G,UNDERWOOD A J.Evaluation of ecological engineering of“armoured”shorelines to improve their value as habitat[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2011,400(1):302-313.
[6] TEAL J M,WEISHAR L.Ecological engineering adaptive management and restoration management in Delaware Bay salt marsh restoration[J].Ecological Engineering,2005,25(3):304-314.
[7] MARIS T,COX T,TEMMERMAN S,et al.Tuning the tide:creating ecological conditions for tidal marsh development in a flood control area[J].Hydrobiologia,2007,588(1):31-43.
[8]任葳,王安东,冯光海,等.基于水位控制的黄河三角洲退化滨海湿地恢复及其短期效应[J].湿地科学与管理,2016,12(4):4-8.
[9]曹牧,蒋劭妍,陈婷媛,等.崇明东滩自然与人工修复湿地鸟类种群特征对比研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(6):113-120.
[10]陈亚瞿,施利燕,全为民.长江口生态修复工程底栖动物群落的增殖放流及效果评估[J].渔业现代化,2007(2):35-39.
[11]王敬华,何大巍,张策,等.江苏盐城滨海湿地研究进展[J].湿地科学与管理,2011,7(3):60-63.
[12]邱虎.江苏盐城滨海湿地生态系统健康评价与保护对策研究[D].金华:浙江师范大学,2012.
[13]陆健健.中国滨海湿地的分类[J].环境导报,1996(1):1-2.
[14]陈洪全,张华兵.江苏盐城沿海滩涂湿地生态修复研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2016(4):43-49.
[15]吕士成,孙明,邓锦东,等.盐城沿海滩涂湿地及其生物多样性保护[J].农业环境与发展,2007(1):11-13.
[16]盛建明,罗锋.江苏海涂围垦关键技术及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2017.
[17]欧维新,杨桂山,于兴修,等.盐城海岸带土地利用变化的生态环境效应研究[J].资源科学,2004,26(3):76-83.
[18]周云轩,田波,黄颖,等.我国海岸带湿地生态系统退化成因及其对策[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(10):1157-1166.
[19]姚志刚,陈玉清,袁芳,等.江苏省滨海湿地现状、问题及保护对策[J].林业科技开发,2014,28(4):10-14.
[20]谷东起,付军,闫文文,等.盐城滨海湿地退化评估及分区诊断[J].湿地科学,2012,10(1):1-7.
[21]张晓龙.现代黄河三角洲滨海湿地环境演变及退化研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2005.
[22]赵真真.基于自然美的滨海湿地二元修复模式研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2014.
[23]易思,谭金凯,李梦雅,等.长江口海平面上升预测及其对滨海湿地影响[J].气候变化研究进展,2017,13(6):598-605.
[24] NICHOLLS R J,HOOZEMANS F M J,MARCHAND M.Increasing flood risk and wetland losses due to global sea-level rise:regional and global analyses[J].Global Environmental Change,1999,9(S1):69-87.
[25] MARIOTTI G,FAGHERAZZI S.Critical width of tidal flats triggers marsh collapse in the absence of sea-level rise[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2013,110(14):5353-5356.
[26]郑江鹏,花卫华,崔彩霞,等.基于GIS的江苏海洋滩涂环境数据管理系统的设计与实现[J].淮海工学院学报(自然科学版),2018,27(3):88-92.
[27]张永泽,王烜.自然湿地生态恢复研究综述[J].生态学报,2001,21(2):309-314.
[28]陈雪初,高如峰,黄晓琛,等.欧美国家盐沼湿地生态恢复的基本观点、技术手段与工程实践进展[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(3):467-472.
[29]李晶,雷茵茹,崔丽娟,等.我国滨海滩涂湿地现状及研究进展[J].林业资源管理,2018(2):24-28,137.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |