中国历代武状元时空分布特征及成因分析
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摘要
武状元作为武科举的产物,在维护国家的统一,促进我国教育、文化和军事等方面的发展,具有重要的意义。借助Arc GIS 10.1分析工具,运用最邻近指数法、核密度估计法等研究方法,对中国历代武状元的时空分布格局进行深入研究。结果表明:从时间上看,我国历代武状元的数量呈"W"形态分布,主要集中在宋清时期,其次是唐明时期,金代、大西国、太平天国分布较少;从空间上看,我国武状元集中分布在环渤海、长三角等地区;从空间演化看,中国历代武状元的分布呈由北往南、内陆向沿海移动的趋势明显,分布范围不断扩大。中国历代武状元时空分布的差异与不同历史时期的地缘政治演变、经济格局差异、武举制度变迁、军事战争冲突和尚武文化传承等因素有着密切的关联。
As a product of Wu Keju,Wu Zhuangyuan was of great significance in safeguarding the unity of the country and promoting the development of education,culture and military affairs in ancient China. With the help of Arc GIS 10.1 analysis tools,in this work,we made use of the nearest neighbor index method and nuclear density estimation method to study the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of Chinese military champions. Our results show that from the time point of view,the number of Wu dynasty in China exhibited a"W"shaped pattern,mainly concentrated in Song and Qing Dynasties,followed by Tang and Ming Dynasties,with Jin Dynasty,Great Western Kingdom,and Taiping Heavenly Kingdom less distributed. From the perspective of the space distribution,martial arts elements in China were concentrated in the Bohai Sea and Yangtze River Delta. From the perspective of the spatial evolution,the distribution of Chinese martial arts in the past has been trending from north to south and inland to the coast,and the scope of distribution has been expanding. The differences in spatial and temporal distributions of Chinese dynasties in the past dynasties are closely related to the geopolitical evolution,economic pattern differences,changes in the military system,military war conflicts and the inheritance of military culture in different historical periods.
As a product of Wu Keju,Wu Zhuangyuan was of great significance in safeguarding the unity of the country and promoting the development of education,culture and military affairs in ancient China. With the help of Arc GIS 10.1 analysis tools,in this work,we made use of the nearest neighbor index method and nuclear density estimation method to study the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of Chinese military champions. Our results show that from the time point of view,the number of Wu dynasty in China exhibited a"W"shaped pattern,mainly concentrated in Song and Qing Dynasties,followed by Tang and Ming Dynasties,with Jin Dynasty,Great Western Kingdom,and Taiping Heavenly Kingdom less distributed. From the perspective of the space distribution,martial arts elements in China were concentrated in the Bohai Sea and Yangtze River Delta. From the perspective of the spatial evolution,the distribution of Chinese martial arts in the past has been trending from north to south and inland to the coast,and the scope of distribution has been expanding. The differences in spatial and temporal distributions of Chinese dynasties in the past dynasties are closely related to the geopolitical evolution,economic pattern differences,changes in the military system,military war conflicts and the inheritance of military culture in different historical periods.
引文
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[2]黄建聪.清末武状元黄培松[J].福建史志,2017(4):41-44.
[3]康忠慧.李珙:广西历史上唯一的武状元[J].农家之友,2016(10):38-39.
[4]贾雯华.郭子仪:历史上最出名的武状元[J].智慧中国,2016(8):59-61.
[5]郭培基,李如鹏.清代武状元徐开业故里考证[J].盐城师范学院学报(人文社会科学版),2016,36(4):97-101.
[6]杨承友.武状元曹维城身世考[J].搏击(体育论坛),2013,5(12):88-90.
[7]卢兴国.武状元王应统生平考释[J].寻根,2013(6):136-139.
[8]刘珊杉.武状元曹晏海对国术体育的影响和推动[J].兰台世界,2013(34):135-136.
[9]张琴,董红刚,田雨普.清代武状元分布与我国区域体育文化差异[J].体育文化导刊,2009(1):120-122.
[10]巴晓峰.试论清代中后期开封地方回汉关系---以家庙街清真寺和武状元白成龙故事为例[J].回族研究,2016,26(1):32-36.
[11]马明达.蒙冤的回回武状元白成龙---说剑斋回回史札之五[J].回族研究,2011,21(1):41-44.
[12]晓陈.武状元苏乞儿[J].电影文学,1994(8):21-22.
[13]王金龙.清代武状元籍贯与地域分布[J].历史档案,2017(4):92-99.
[14]李晴.明代武状元地理分布研究[J].皖西学院学报,2017,33(4):130-135,156.
[15]于伟.清代武状元地理分布研究[J].黑河学院学报,2014,5(3):106-109.
[16]王鸿鹏,王凯贤,肖佐刚,等.中国历代武状元[M].北京:解放出版社,2004.
[17]萧源锦.状元史话[M].重庆:重庆出版社,2004.
[18]朱彭寿.旧典备征[M].北京:中华书局出版社,1982.
[19]胡兆量,阿尔斯朗.琼达等.中国文化地理概述[M]北京.北京大学出版社,2001.
[20]许友根.武举制度史略[M].苏州:苏州大学出版社,1997.
[21]车吉心.中国状元全传[M].山东:山东美术出版社,2007.
[22]吴清,李细归,吴黎,等.湖北武陵山区旅游资源空间格局及开发研究[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2017,40(2):17-24.
[23]马会丽,王宏志,李细归,等.中国博物馆空间分布特征的多尺度分析[J].人文地理,2017,32(6):87-94.
[24]陈志刚.历史研究法在教育研究运用中应注意的要求[J].教育科学研究,2013(6):76-80.
[25]钱穆,王云五,陶希圣,等.中国历代战争史[M].北京:军事译文出版社,1983.
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