海水酸化胁迫对紫贻贝能量分配的影响
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摘要
2016年5～6月在山东桑沟湾楮岛海区,采用野外围隔和现场流水相结合的方法,以紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)为研究对象,以pH为8.0作为对照组,探讨了酸化胁迫(p H=7.7)对其能量分配的影响。结果显示,短期(10d)海水酸化胁迫下,紫贻贝的滤水率、同化效率、氧氮比显著下降(P<0.05),排氨率极显著增加(P<0.01),耗氧率无显著差异(P>0.05);中期(30d)海水酸化胁迫下,紫贻贝的滤水率和氧氮比显著下降(P<0.05),而同化效率、耗氧率、排氨率显著升高(P<0.05)。能量收支的结果显示,短期(10 d)酸化胁迫下,紫贻贝的摄食能和吸收能显著降低(P<0.05),呼吸能无显著差异(P>0.05),排泄能显著增加(P<0.05),生长余力极显著降低(P<0.01);中期(30d)海水酸化胁迫下,摄食能降低(P<0.05),吸收能、呼吸能、排泄能、生长余力显著升高(P<0.05)。氧氮比的结果显示,在海水酸化胁迫下,氧氮比的波动范围为14.28～20.46,贝类体内的供能物质由脂肪和碳水化合物逐渐向蛋白质过渡。研究结果为揭示紫贻贝应对海水酸化胁迫的生理响应提供了基础数据。
The effect of seawater acidification on the energy budget of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was studied using a combined in situ mesocosm and flow-through chambers approach in Sanggou Bay from May to June, 2016. The experimental groups of mussels were acclimated to different experimental pH values obtained by elevating seawater CO2 concentrations. Clearance rates, absorption efficiency, respiration rates, ammonia excretion rates, and O/N ratios of M. galloprovincialis were measured after 10 and 30 days of treatment. The results showed that the clearance rates, O/N ratios, and absorption efficiency of M. galloprovincialis were reduced significantly after 10 days of exposure to acidified seawater(pH 7.7)(P<0.05), whereas the rates of ammonia excretion were increased significantly(P<0.01). The respiration rates in acidified and ambient seawater did not show significant difference(P>0.05). However, after 30 days of exposure to acidified seawater, significantly increased absorption efficiency, respiration rates, and ammonia excretion rates(P<0.05), and significantly reduced clearance rates and O/N ratios were observed(P<0.05). Energy budget analysis showed that a 10-day exposure to acidified seawater resulted in significantly reduced ingestion energy, absorbed energy, and scope for growth(P<0.05), but a significant increase in excreted energy(P<0.05), whereas a 30-day exposure to acidified seawater resulted in significant reduction in ingestion energy(P<0.05), but a significant increment in absorbed energy, respiration energy, excreted energy, and scope for growth(P<0.05). The average values of O/N ratios ranged from 14.28 to 20.46 in all the experiments, suggesting that the energy source changed gradually from fats and carbohydrates to proteins under low pH conditions. These data provide theoretical insights into the possible mechanisms underlying the impact of seawater acidification on the physiological responses of mussels.
The effect of seawater acidification on the energy budget of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was studied using a combined in situ mesocosm and flow-through chambers approach in Sanggou Bay from May to June, 2016. The experimental groups of mussels were acclimated to different experimental pH values obtained by elevating seawater CO2 concentrations. Clearance rates, absorption efficiency, respiration rates, ammonia excretion rates, and O/N ratios of M. galloprovincialis were measured after 10 and 30 days of treatment. The results showed that the clearance rates, O/N ratios, and absorption efficiency of M. galloprovincialis were reduced significantly after 10 days of exposure to acidified seawater(pH 7.7)(P<0.05), whereas the rates of ammonia excretion were increased significantly(P<0.01). The respiration rates in acidified and ambient seawater did not show significant difference(P>0.05). However, after 30 days of exposure to acidified seawater, significantly increased absorption efficiency, respiration rates, and ammonia excretion rates(P<0.05), and significantly reduced clearance rates and O/N ratios were observed(P<0.05). Energy budget analysis showed that a 10-day exposure to acidified seawater resulted in significantly reduced ingestion energy, absorbed energy, and scope for growth(P<0.05), but a significant increase in excreted energy(P<0.05), whereas a 30-day exposure to acidified seawater resulted in significant reduction in ingestion energy(P<0.05), but a significant increment in absorbed energy, respiration energy, excreted energy, and scope for growth(P<0.05). The average values of O/N ratios ranged from 14.28 to 20.46 in all the experiments, suggesting that the energy source changed gradually from fats and carbohydrates to proteins under low pH conditions. These data provide theoretical insights into the possible mechanisms underlying the impact of seawater acidification on the physiological responses of mussels.
引文
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Berge JA,Bjerkeng B,Pettersen O,et al.Effects of increased sea water concentrations of CO2 on growth of the bivalve Mytilus edulis L..Chemosphere,2006,62(4):681-687
Caldeira K,Wickett ME.Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean.Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans,2005,110(9):doi:10.1029/2004JC002671
Conover RJ.Assimilation of organic matter by zooplankton.Limnology and Oceanography,1966,11(3):338-345
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Doney SC,Lima I,Moore JK,et al.Skill metrics for confronting global upper ocean ecosystem-biogeochemistry models against field and remote sensing data.Journal of Marine Systems,2009,76(1-2):95-112
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Feely RA,Sabine CL,Lee K,et al.Impact of anthropogenic CO2on the CaCO3 system in the oceans.Science,2004,305(5682):362-366
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Fernández-Reiriz MJ,Range P,álvarez-Salgado XA,et al.Tolerance of juvenile Mytilus galloprovincialis to experimental seawater acidification.Marine Ecology Progress,2012,454(2):65-74
Ferrari MC,Mccormick MI,Munday PL,et al.Putting prey and predator into the CO2 equation-qualitative and quantitative effects of ocean acidification on predator-prey interactions.Ecology Letters,2011,14(11):1143-1148
Gazeau F,Quiblier C,Jansen JM.et al.Impact of elevated CO2 on shellfish calcification.Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34(7):L07603
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Hu M,Lin D,Shang Y,et al.CO2-induced pH reduction increases physiological toxicity of nano-TiO2 in the mussel Mytilus coruscus.Scientific Reports,2017,7
Jiang WW,Fang JG,Li JQ,et al.Effects of temperature change on physiological and biochemical activities of Haliotis discus hannai Ino.Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2017,24(2):220-230[姜娓娓,方建光,李加琦,等.温度胁迫对皱纹盘鲍生理和生化活动的影响.中国水产科学,2017,24(2):220-230]
Liu WG,He MX.Effects of ocean acidification on the metabolic rates of three species of bivalve from southern coast of China.Chinese Journal of Oceanologhy and Limnology,2012,30(2):206-211
Kuang SH,Fang JG,Sun HL,et al.Seasonal variation of filtration rate and assimilation efficiency of scallop Chlamys farreri in Sanggou Bay.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1996,27(2):194-199[匡世焕,方建光.桑沟湾栉孔扇贝不同季节滤水率和同化率的比较.海洋与湖沼,1996,27(2):194-199]
Lannig G,Eilers S,P?rtner HO,et al.Impact of ocean acidification on energy metabolism of oyster,Crassostrea gigas-changes in metabolic pathways and thermal response.Marine Drugs,2010,8(8):2318-2339
Mayzaud P.Respiration and nitrogen excretion of zooplankton.Ⅱ.Studies of the metabolic characteristics of starved animals.Marine Biology,1973,21(1):19-28
Michaelidis B,Ouzounis C,Paleras A,et al.Effects of long-term moderate hypercapnia on acid-base balance and growth rate in marine mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis.Marine Ecology Progress,2005,293(1):109-118
Miller AW,Reynolds AC,Sobrino C,et al.Shellfish face uncertain future in high CO2 world:Influence of acidification on oyster larvae calcification and growth in estuaries.PLoSOne,2009,4(5):e5661
Navarro JM,Torres R,Acu?a K,et al.Impact of medium-term exposure to elevated p CO2,levels on the physiological energetics of the mussel Mytilus chilensis.Chemosphere,2013,90(3):1242-1248
Range P,Chícharo MA,Ben-Hamadou R,et al.Impacts of CO2-induced seawater acidification on coastal Mediterranean bivalves and interactions with other climatic stressors.Regional Environmental Change,2014,14(1):19-30
Riisg?rd HU.Suspension feeding in the polychaete Nereis diversicolor.Marine Ecology Progress,1991,70(1):29-37
Ruyet PL,MahéK,Bayon NL,et al.Effects of temperature on growth and metabolism in a Mediterranean population of European sea bass,Dicentrarchus labrax.Aquaculture,2004,237(1):269-280
Sanders MB,Bean TP,Hutchinson TH,et al.Juvenile king scallop,Pecten maximus,is potentially tolerant to low levels of ocean acidification when food is unrestricted.PLoS One,2013,8(9):e74118
Slobodkin LB,Richman S.Calories/gm.in species of animals.Nature,1961,191(4785):299-299
Sui Y,Kong H,Huang X,et al.Combined effects of short-term exposure to elevated CO2,and decreased O2,on the physiology and energy budget of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus.Chemosphere,2016,155:207-216
Talmage SC,Gobler CJ.Effects of past,present,and future ocean carbon dioxide concentrations on the growth and survival of larval shellfish.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(40):17246-17251
Timmins-Schiffman E,O’Donnell MJ,Friedman CS,et al.Elevated p CO2,causes developmental delay in early larval Pacific oysters,Crassostrea gigas.Marine Biology,2013,160(8):1973-1982
Thomsen J,Melzner F.Moderate seawater acidification does not elicit long-term metabolic depression in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis.Marine Biology,2010,157(12):2667-2676
Wang YJ,Li LS,Li QZ,et al.Research progress on eco-physiological responses of shellfish under ocean acidification and global warming.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(13):3499-3508[王有基,李丽莎,李琼珍,等.海洋酸化和全球变暖对贝类生理生态的影响研究进展.生态学报,2014,34(13):3499-3508]
Wang YJ,Li LS,Hu MH,et al.Physiological energetics of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus,exposed to seawater acidification and thermal stress.Science of the Total Environment,2015,514:261-272
Widdows J,Bayne BL.Temperature acclimation of Mytilus edulis with reference to its energy budget.Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom,1971,51(04):827
Widdows J,Bayne BL,Livingstone DR,et al.Physiological and biochemical responses of bivalve molluscs to exposure to air.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Physiology,1979,62(2):301-308
Zhang JH,Fang JG,Sun S,et al.Clearance rate,ingestion rate and absorption efficiency of cultivated clam Ruditapes philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay,China.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2005,36(6):548-555[张继红,方建光,孙松,等.胶州湾养殖菲律宾蛤仔的清滤率、摄食率、吸收效率的研究.海洋与湖沼,2005,36(6):548-555]
Bamber RN.The effects of acidic seawater on three species of lamellibranch mollusk.Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,1990,143(3):181-191
Berge JA,Bjerkeng B,Pettersen O,et al.Effects of increased sea water concentrations of CO2 on growth of the bivalve Mytilus edulis L..Chemosphere,2006,62(4):681-687
Caldeira K,Wickett ME.Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean.Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans,2005,110(9):doi:10.1029/2004JC002671
Conover RJ.Assimilation of organic matter by zooplankton.Limnology and Oceanography,1966,11(3):338-345
Department of Agriculture,Fisheries Bureau.China fishery statistics yearbook.Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2017[农业部渔业局.中国渔业统计年鉴.北京:中国农业出版社,2017]
Doney SC,Lima I,Moore JK,et al.Skill metrics for confronting global upper ocean ecosystem-biogeochemistry models against field and remote sensing data.Journal of Marine Systems,2009,76(1-2):95-112
Fabry VJ.Ocean science.Marine calcifiers in a high-CO2 ocean.Science,2008,320(5879):1020-1022
Feely RA,Sabine CL,Lee K,et al.Impact of anthropogenic CO2on the CaCO3 system in the oceans.Science,2004,305(5682):362-366
Fernández-Reiriz MJ,Range P,álvarez-Salgado XA,et al.Physiological energetics of juvenile clams Ruditapes decussatus in a high CO2 coastal ocean.Marine Ecology Progress,2011,433:97-105
Fernández-Reiriz MJ,Range P,álvarez-Salgado XA,et al.Tolerance of juvenile Mytilus galloprovincialis to experimental seawater acidification.Marine Ecology Progress,2012,454(2):65-74
Ferrari MC,Mccormick MI,Munday PL,et al.Putting prey and predator into the CO2 equation-qualitative and quantitative effects of ocean acidification on predator-prey interactions.Ecology Letters,2011,14(11):1143-1148
Gazeau F,Quiblier C,Jansen JM.et al.Impact of elevated CO2 on shellfish calcification.Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34(7):L07603
Green MA,Jones ME,Boudreau CL,et al.Dissolution mortality of juvenile bivalves in coastal marine deposits.Limnology and Oceanography,2004,49(3):727-734
Hu M,Lin D,Shang Y,et al.CO2-induced pH reduction increases physiological toxicity of nano-TiO2 in the mussel Mytilus coruscus.Scientific Reports,2017,7
Jiang WW,Fang JG,Li JQ,et al.Effects of temperature change on physiological and biochemical activities of Haliotis discus hannai Ino.Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2017,24(2):220-230[姜娓娓,方建光,李加琦,等.温度胁迫对皱纹盘鲍生理和生化活动的影响.中国水产科学,2017,24(2):220-230]
Liu WG,He MX.Effects of ocean acidification on the metabolic rates of three species of bivalve from southern coast of China.Chinese Journal of Oceanologhy and Limnology,2012,30(2):206-211
Kuang SH,Fang JG,Sun HL,et al.Seasonal variation of filtration rate and assimilation efficiency of scallop Chlamys farreri in Sanggou Bay.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1996,27(2):194-199[匡世焕,方建光.桑沟湾栉孔扇贝不同季节滤水率和同化率的比较.海洋与湖沼,1996,27(2):194-199]
Lannig G,Eilers S,P?rtner HO,et al.Impact of ocean acidification on energy metabolism of oyster,Crassostrea gigas-changes in metabolic pathways and thermal response.Marine Drugs,2010,8(8):2318-2339
Mayzaud P.Respiration and nitrogen excretion of zooplankton.Ⅱ.Studies of the metabolic characteristics of starved animals.Marine Biology,1973,21(1):19-28
Michaelidis B,Ouzounis C,Paleras A,et al.Effects of long-term moderate hypercapnia on acid-base balance and growth rate in marine mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis.Marine Ecology Progress,2005,293(1):109-118
Miller AW,Reynolds AC,Sobrino C,et al.Shellfish face uncertain future in high CO2 world:Influence of acidification on oyster larvae calcification and growth in estuaries.PLoSOne,2009,4(5):e5661
Navarro JM,Torres R,Acu?a K,et al.Impact of medium-term exposure to elevated p CO2,levels on the physiological energetics of the mussel Mytilus chilensis.Chemosphere,2013,90(3):1242-1248
Range P,Chícharo MA,Ben-Hamadou R,et al.Impacts of CO2-induced seawater acidification on coastal Mediterranean bivalves and interactions with other climatic stressors.Regional Environmental Change,2014,14(1):19-30
Riisg?rd HU.Suspension feeding in the polychaete Nereis diversicolor.Marine Ecology Progress,1991,70(1):29-37
Ruyet PL,MahéK,Bayon NL,et al.Effects of temperature on growth and metabolism in a Mediterranean population of European sea bass,Dicentrarchus labrax.Aquaculture,2004,237(1):269-280
Sanders MB,Bean TP,Hutchinson TH,et al.Juvenile king scallop,Pecten maximus,is potentially tolerant to low levels of ocean acidification when food is unrestricted.PLoS One,2013,8(9):e74118
Slobodkin LB,Richman S.Calories/gm.in species of animals.Nature,1961,191(4785):299-299
Sui Y,Kong H,Huang X,et al.Combined effects of short-term exposure to elevated CO2,and decreased O2,on the physiology and energy budget of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus.Chemosphere,2016,155:207-216
Talmage SC,Gobler CJ.Effects of past,present,and future ocean carbon dioxide concentrations on the growth and survival of larval shellfish.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(40):17246-17251
Timmins-Schiffman E,O’Donnell MJ,Friedman CS,et al.Elevated p CO2,causes developmental delay in early larval Pacific oysters,Crassostrea gigas.Marine Biology,2013,160(8):1973-1982
Thomsen J,Melzner F.Moderate seawater acidification does not elicit long-term metabolic depression in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis.Marine Biology,2010,157(12):2667-2676
Wang YJ,Li LS,Li QZ,et al.Research progress on eco-physiological responses of shellfish under ocean acidification and global warming.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(13):3499-3508[王有基,李丽莎,李琼珍,等.海洋酸化和全球变暖对贝类生理生态的影响研究进展.生态学报,2014,34(13):3499-3508]
Wang YJ,Li LS,Hu MH,et al.Physiological energetics of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus,exposed to seawater acidification and thermal stress.Science of the Total Environment,2015,514:261-272
Widdows J,Bayne BL.Temperature acclimation of Mytilus edulis with reference to its energy budget.Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom,1971,51(04):827
Widdows J,Bayne BL,Livingstone DR,et al.Physiological and biochemical responses of bivalve molluscs to exposure to air.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Physiology,1979,62(2):301-308
Zhang JH,Fang JG,Sun S,et al.Clearance rate,ingestion rate and absorption efficiency of cultivated clam Ruditapes philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay,China.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2005,36(6):548-555[张继红,方建光,孙松,等.胶州湾养殖菲律宾蛤仔的清滤率、摄食率、吸收效率的研究.海洋与湖沼,2005,36(6):548-555]
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