利用混合图像处理方法提取浅层海底沉积层等效分层结构
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摘要
海底沉积层分层结构对水下声传播有显著的影响。浅地层剖面仪是获取浅层海底的沉积层等效分层结构的一种高效手段,但是其输出数据易受环境影响且依赖人工识别。为提取沉积层分层结构,本文提出了一种自动提取沉积层等效分层界面的混合图像处理方法。该方法综合统计增强、多尺度线条滤波和二维小波变换的图像处理技术,有效抑制随机噪声和垂直干扰,增强分层区域的能量对比度,提高界面提取的准确度;结合二值化处理和深度错位相减的方法,可以得到沉积层等效分层结构参数。海上实验数据处理结果表明:该方法可以自动提取沉积层等效分层界面,不依赖于人工识别,且在几种典型沉积层分层环境下均能准确提取,具有很好的环境适应性。
The stratified structure of sediment on the seafloor has a significant influence on underwater acoustic propagation. Sub-bottom profiler is a high-efficiency method to obtain the equivalent stratified structure of shallow sediment,but its output data are vulnerable to environmental impact and rely on manual identification. To extract the stratified structure of sediment,a hybrid image processing method,which combines statistical enhancement,multi-scale line filter,and 2-D wavelet transform,is proposed to automatically extract the equivalent layered interface of deposit. The processing aims to suppress random noise and vertical interference,enhance energy contrast at the interface,and increase the accuracy of interface extraction. Afterward,combined with binary processing,the method of offset subtraction in depth direction can be used to extract the equivalent stratified parameters of sediment. The actual data processing results demonstrate that this method can automatically extract the equivalent stratified interface; it does not depend on manual identification and can accurately extract data in several typical stratified environments of sediment with good environmental adaptability.
The stratified structure of sediment on the seafloor has a significant influence on underwater acoustic propagation. Sub-bottom profiler is a high-efficiency method to obtain the equivalent stratified structure of shallow sediment,but its output data are vulnerable to environmental impact and rely on manual identification. To extract the stratified structure of sediment,a hybrid image processing method,which combines statistical enhancement,multi-scale line filter,and 2-D wavelet transform,is proposed to automatically extract the equivalent layered interface of deposit. The processing aims to suppress random noise and vertical interference,enhance energy contrast at the interface,and increase the accuracy of interface extraction. Afterward,combined with binary processing,the method of offset subtraction in depth direction can be used to extract the equivalent stratified parameters of sediment. The actual data processing results demonstrate that this method can automatically extract the equivalent stratified interface; it does not depend on manual identification and can accurately extract data in several typical stratified environments of sediment with good environmental adaptability.
引文
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[2]GUILLON L,DOSSO S E,CHAPMAN N R,et al.Bayesian geoacoustic inversion with the image source method[J].IEEE journal of oceanic engineering,2016,41(4):1035-1044.
[3]任群言,朴胜春,马力,等.利用渔船噪声矢量场对地声参数的估计[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2018,39(2):236-240.REN Qunyan,PIAO Shengchun,MA Li,et al.Geoacoustic inversion using ship noise vector field[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2018,39(2):236-240.
[4]江鹏飞,林建恒,马力,等.一种海洋环境噪声分步反演地声参数方法[J].声学学报,2016,41(1):59-66.JIANG Pengfei,LIN Jianheng,MA Li,et al.A multi-step method of geo-acoustic inversion by ambient noise[J].Acta acustica,2016,41(1):59-66.
[5]过武宏,笪良龙,赵建昕.地声参数及传播损失不确定性估计与建模[J].应用声学,2015,33(1):71-78.GUO Wuhong,DA Lianglong,ZHAO Jianxin.Estimation and modeling of geoacoustic parameters and transmission loss uncertainty[J].Journal of applied acoustics,2015,33(1):71-78.
[6]翁晋宝,李风华,郭永刚.深海近距离声场频率-距离干涉结构反演海底声学参数[J].声学学报,2015,40(2):207-215.WENG Jinbao,LI Fenghua,GUO Yonggang.Geoacoustic inversion based on near-field frequency-range interference patter in deep water[J].Acta acustica,2015,40(2):207-215.
[7]郭永刚,王宁,高大治.由垂直入射脉冲和海底回波反演海底声参数[J].中国海洋大学学报,2006,36(1):112-118.GUO Yonggang,WANG Ning,GAO Dazhi.Sea bottom acoustic parameters inversing by normal incidence and reflection[J].Periodical of ocean university of china,2006,36(1):112-118.
[8]DOSSO S E,DONG Hefeng,DUFFAUT K.Model selection for profile structure in Bayesian geoacoustic inversion[J].The journal of the acoustical society of America,2017,141(5):3470.
[9]DOSSO S E,DETTMER J.Bayesian matched-field geoacoustic inversion[J].Inverse problems,2011,27(5):055009.
[10]TOLLEFSEN D,DOSSO S E.Bayesian geoacoustic inversion of ship noise on a horizontal array[J].The journal of the acoustical society of America,2008,124(2):788-795.
[11]DOSSO S E,DETTMER J,STEININGER G,et al.Efficient trans-dimensional Bayesian inversion for geoacoustic profile estimation[J].The journal of the acoustical society of America,2014,136(11):114018.
[12]THEUILLON G,STEPHAN Y,PACAULT A.High-resolution geoacoustic characterization of the seafloor using a subbottom profiler in the gulf of Lion[J].IEEE journal of oceanic engineering,2008,33(3):240-254.
[13]YANG T C,YOO K,FIALKOWSKI L T.Subbottom profiling using a ship towed line array and geoacoustic inversion[J].The journal of the acoustical society of America,2007,122(6):3338-3352.
[14]莫亚枭,朴胜春,张海刚,等.一种能量守恒的双向耦合简正波水声传播模型[J].声学学报,2016,41(2):154-162.MO Yaxiao,PIAO Shengchun,ZHANG Haigang,et al.An energy-conserving two-way coupled mode model for underwater acoustic propagation[J].Acta acustica,2016,41(2):154-162.
[15]曹双,罗红雨,曾飞.浅地层剖面仪在近海航道工程中的应用[J].海岸工程,2010,29(2):70-75.CAO Shuang,LUO Hongyu,ZENG Fei.Application of subbottom profiler in engineering for waterway in nearshore sea[J].Coastal engineering,2010,29(2):70-75.
[16]王继立,黄潘阳,胡涛骏,等.浅地层剖面仪在海底管道检测中的应用[J].船海工程,2013,42(3):161-163.WANG Jili,HUANG Panyang,HU Taojun,et al.Application of sub-bottom profiler in submarine pipeline inspection[J].Ship&ocean engineering,2013,42(3):161-163.
[17]李乐鹏,孙水发,夏冲,等.直方图均衡技术综述[J].计算机系统应用,2014,23(3):1-8.LI Lepeng,SUN Shuifa,XIA Chong,et al.Survey of histogram equalization technology[J].Computer systems&applications,2014,23(3):1-8.
[18]FRANGI A F,NIESSEN W J,VINCKEN K L,et al.Multiscale vessel enhancement filtering[C]//Proceedings of the First International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention.Cambridge,MA,USA,1998:130-137.
[19]FENG L,SUEN C Y,TANG Y Y,et al.Edge extraction of images by reconstruction using wavelet decomposition details at different resolution levels[J].International journal of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence,2000,14(6):779-793.
[20]李金,高尚伟,吕普轶,等.基于二维小波变换的双彩色图像数字水印算法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2002,23(5):97-101.LI Jin,GAO Shangwei,LYU Puyi,et al.Dual color images watermarking algorithm based on wavelet transform[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2002,23(5):97-101.
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