花江峡谷岩生草本植物群落及其氮磷计量特征
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摘要
花江峡谷是位于喀斯特地区典型的中亚热带干热河谷。选取花江峡谷区域内的岩生草本植物群落为研究对象,研究不同海拔岩生草本植物群落的群落特征、氮磷化学计量特征及两者之间的关系。结果表明:调查区域内共有岩生草本植物16种,有荩草(Arthraxon hispidus)+显子草(Phaenonperma globosum)草本植物群落、荩草草本植物群落、荩草+白茅草(Imperata cylindrica)草本植物群落和白茅+小颖羊茅草(Festuca parvigluma)草本植物群落4种群落类型。各样地的物种相似度与海拔高度表现为正相关,而物种多样性、替代速率、土壤N、P含量和水热因子与海拔高度表现为负相关,生物量呈单峰型的曲线变化趋势,样地2获取的生物量最大。各样地土壤和植物叶片的N、P含量都极低,叶片N/P比值显示大多数植物的生长表现为缺N限制。物种重要值与植物叶片N/P比值表现为极强的正相关关系,与P含量表现为中等程度的负相关关系,而与N含量的相关性较弱。
Huajiang Gorge is a typical middle subtropical dry hot valley in Karst area. Taking the rock herb communities in Huajiang Gorge as research objects,the community characteristic,nitrogen-phosphorus stoichiometry and relationships between them were studied. The results show that a total of 16 species of rock herbs and 4 different rock herb communities( Arthraxon hispidus+Phaenonperma globosum,Arthraxon hispidus,Arthraxon hispidus+Imperata cylindrica and Imperata cylindrica+Festuca parvigluma) were found in study area. There was positive correlation between altitude and species similarity coefficient,and negative correlation between altitude and species diversity,substitution rate,soil nitrogen and phosphorus content,hydro-thermal feature. There was a trend of single peak curve in biomasses variation of 4 communities,and plot 2 had the largest biomass. The N and P contents of soils and plant leaves were extremely low in all plots,and the ratios of N/P indicate most of plants growth was limited by N. Strong positive correlation was found between the important value of the plants and the N/P ratios of plant leaves,moderate degree negative correlation was found between the important value of the plants and the P contents of plant leaves,and no significant relation was found between the important value of the plants and N content.
Huajiang Gorge is a typical middle subtropical dry hot valley in Karst area. Taking the rock herb communities in Huajiang Gorge as research objects,the community characteristic,nitrogen-phosphorus stoichiometry and relationships between them were studied. The results show that a total of 16 species of rock herbs and 4 different rock herb communities( Arthraxon hispidus+Phaenonperma globosum,Arthraxon hispidus,Arthraxon hispidus+Imperata cylindrica and Imperata cylindrica+Festuca parvigluma) were found in study area. There was positive correlation between altitude and species similarity coefficient,and negative correlation between altitude and species diversity,substitution rate,soil nitrogen and phosphorus content,hydro-thermal feature. There was a trend of single peak curve in biomasses variation of 4 communities,and plot 2 had the largest biomass. The N and P contents of soils and plant leaves were extremely low in all plots,and the ratios of N/P indicate most of plants growth was limited by N. Strong positive correlation was found between the important value of the plants and the N/P ratios of plant leaves,moderate degree negative correlation was found between the important value of the plants and the P contents of plant leaves,and no significant relation was found between the important value of the plants and N content.
引文
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[3]王世杰,李阳兵.喀斯特石漠化研究存在的问题与发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2007,22(6):573-582.[WANG Shi-jie,LIYang-bing.Problems and Development Trends About Researches on Karst Rocky Desertification[J].Advances in Earth Science,2007,22(6):573-582.]
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[6]REINERS W A.Complementary Models for Ecosystems[J].The A-merican Naturalist,1986,127(1):59-73.
[7]THOMPSON K,PARKINSON J A,BAND S R,et al.AComparative Study of Leaf Nutrient Concentrations in a Regional Herbaceous Flora[J].New Phytologist,1997,136(4):679-689.
[8]OLEKSYN J,REICH P B,ZYTKOWIAK R,et al.Nutrient Conservation Increases With Latitude of Origin in European Pinus sylvestris Populations[J].Oecologia,2003,136(2):220-235.
[9]REICH P B,OLEKSYN J.Global Patterns of Plant Leaf N and P in Relation to Temperature and Latitude[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,101(30):11001-11006.
[10]VITOUSEK P M.Litterfall,Nutrient Cycling,and Nutrient Limitation in Tropical Forests[J].Ecology,1984,65(1):285-298.
[11]FIELD C,MOONEY H A.The Photosynthesis-Nitrogen Relationship in Wild Plants[M].Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,1986:15-18.
[12]GUSEWELL S.N∶P Ratios in Terrestrial Plants:Variation and Functional Significance[J].The New Phytologist,2004,164(2):243-266.
[13]AERTS R,CHAPIN F S.The Mineral Nutrition of Wild Plants Revisited:A Re-Evaluation of Processes and Patterns[J].Advances in Ecological Research,2000,30:1-67.
[14]HOBBIE S E,GOUGH L.Foliar and Soil Nutrients in Tundra on Glacial Landscapes of Contrasting Ages in Northern Alaska[J].Oecologia,2002,131(3):453-462.
[15]VITOUSEK P M.Nutrient Cycling and Limitiation:Hawaii as a Model System[M].Princeton,USA:Princeton University Press,2004:249-251.
[16]WARMING E.植物生态学[M].陈庆诚,陈泽霖,译.北京:科学出版社,1965:226-234.[WARMING E.Ecology of Plants[M].Beijing:Science Press,1965:226-234.]
[17]张仁波,何林,窦全丽,等.黔北岩生种子植物种类及其在石漠化治理中的应用[J].北方园艺,2012(13):77-80.[ZHANGRen-bo,HE Lin,DOU Quan-li,et al.The Species of Seed Plants on Rocks in North Guizhou Province and Their Applications in StoneDesertified Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,(13):77-80.]
[18]熊康宁,朱大运,彭韬,等.喀斯特高原石漠化综合治理生态产业技术与示范研究[J].生态学报,2016,36(22):7109-7113.[XIONG Kang-ning,ZHU Da-yun,PENG Tao,et al.Study on Ecological Industry Technology and Demonstration for Karst Rocky Desertification Control of the Karst Plateau Gorge[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(22):7109-7113.]
[19]朱守谦.喀斯特森林生态研究[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,1997:52-62.[ZHU Shou-qian.Ecological Research on Karst Forest[M].Guiyang:Guizhou Science and Technology Press,1997:52-62.]
[20]莫菲,陈训.贵州花江典型喀斯特峡谷天然灌丛植被的调查与分析[J].贵州科学,2004,22(3):83-85.[MO Fei,CHEN Xun.The Investigation and Analysis on Natural Brush in Huajiang Karst Gorge,Guizhou[J].Guizhou Science,2004,22(3):83-85.]
[21]LEGENDRE P,FORTIN M J.Spatial Pattern and Ecological Analysis[J].Vegetatio,1989,80(2):107-138.
[22]鲍乾,梁建发,王棋,等.花江喀斯特石漠化区不同经济型植物的土壤蓄水特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(1):18-24.[BAO Qian,LIANG Jian-fa,WANG Qi,et al.Characteristics of Soil Water Storage Under Different Eco-Vegetation Types in Huajiang Karst Rocky Desertification[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(1):18-24.]
[23]司彬,姚小华,任华东,等.黔中喀斯特植被自然演替过程中物种组成及多样性研究:以贵州省普定县为例[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(5):669-674.[SI Bin,YAO Xiao-hua,REN Huadong,et al.Species Composition and Diversity in the Process of Natural Succession of Karst Vegetation in Central Guizhou:Case Study of Puding County in Guizhou[J].Forest Research,2008,21(5):669-674.]
[24]刘攀峰,杨瑞,安明态,等.贵州茂兰喀斯特森林植被演替序列的数量分析[J].中国岩溶,2008,27(4):329-334.[LIU Panfeng,YANG Rui,AN Ming-tai,et al.Quantitative Analysis on Karst Forest Vegetation Succession Series in Maolan,Guizhou[J].Carsologica Sinica,2008,27(4):329-334.]
[25]谭巍,陈洪松,王克林,等.桂西北喀斯特坡地不同演替阶段典型植物碳同位素组成差异[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(6):1223-1227.[TAN Wei,CHEN Hong-song,WANG Ke-lin,et al.Leafδ13C of Plants in Different Vegetation Succession Stages on Karst Hillslope of Northwest Guangxi,China[J].Journal of EcoAgriculture,2010,18(6):1223-1227.]
[26]李瑞,王霖娇,盛茂银,等.喀斯特石漠化演替中植物多样性及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(5):111-119.[LI Rui,WANG Lin-jiao,SHENG Mao-yin,et al.Plant Species Diversity and Its Relationship With Soil Properties in Karst Rocky Desertification Succession[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(5):111-119.]
[27]柳妍妍,胡玉昆,王鑫,等.天山南坡中段高寒草地物种多样性与生物量的垂直分异特征[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(2):311-318.[LIU Yan-yan,HU Yu-kun,WANG Xin,et al.Vertical Differentiation of Plant Species Diversity and Biomass in Alpine Grassland in the Middle Section of Tianshan Mountains Southern Slope,Xinjiang of Northwest China[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2013,32(2):311-318.]
[28]贾文雄,陈京华,张禹舜,等.祁连山北坡草地植物群落特征与土壤水热因子的关系[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(3):661-667.[JIAWen-xiong,CHEN Jing-hua,ZHANG Yu-shun,et al.The Relationship of Characteristics of Meadow Communities With Soil Moisture and Temperature in the Northern Slope of Qilian Mountains[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(3):661-667.]
[29]杨元合,饶胜,胡会峰,等.青藏高原高寒草地植物物种丰富度及其与环境因子和生物量的关系[J].生物多样性,2004,12(1):200-205.[YANG Yuan-he,RAO Sheng,HU Hui-feng,et al.Plant Species Richness of Alpine Grasslands in Relation to Environmental Factors and Biomass on the Tibetan Plateau[J].Biodiversity Science,2004,12(1):200-205.]
[30]GUO Q F,BERRY W.Species Richness and Biomass:Dissection of the Hump-Shaped Relationships[J].Ecology,1998,79(7):2555-2559.
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