顶坛花椒不同种植基地土壤肥力质量研究
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摘要
为探究顶坛花椒不同种植基地的土壤肥力质量特征,以贵州省贞丰县北盘江镇3个顶坛花椒不同种植基地(基地1为荒地、基地2为复垦地、基地3为农田)为研究对象,测定土壤p H、速效氮、速效磷等30个指标,确定最小数据集并评价土壤肥力质量。结果表明:基地1全氮、全磷、速效磷、镁、铁、铝、镍、钴、铅、镉、铬最高,基地2速效氮、全钾、速效钾、氯、锰、硼、钼、锌、铜、砷、锶最高,基地3的p H、有机碳、钙、硅、硒最高;土壤肥力质量评价最小数据集包括锰与硼两个指标,且锰在第一主成分中有较高载荷值(0.998),硼在第二主成分上有较高载荷值(0.997);土壤肥力质量综合指数由大到小依次为:基地2(0.75)>基地1(-0.32)>基地3(-0.43);为改良土壤肥力质量,基地1需增加速效氮、速效磷、全钾、速效钾、硼、钛、锶,基地2应适当提高p H,基地3需增加全氮、铁、锰、钼、锌、钴、砷。研究结果可为顶坛花椒种植基地土壤养分管理和测土配方施肥提供理论数据。
In order to investigate the soil fertility quality characteristics of Zanthoxylum planispinum var. Dingtanensis in different planting bases,this paper took 3 different planting bases( base 1 was wasteland,base 2 was reclaimed land,base 3 was farmland) of Zanthoxylum planispinum var. Dingtanensis in Beipanjiang Town,Zhenfeng County,Guizhou Province as study object,and measured 30 indicators including soil p H,AN and AP,etc.,then built up the minimum data set and evaluated the soil fertility quality. The results showed that TN,TP,AP,Mg,Fe,Al,Ni,Co,Pb,Cd and Cr were the highest in base 1; AN,TK,AK,Cl,Mn,B,Mo,Zn,Cu,As and Sr were the highest in base 2; p H,SOC,Ca,Si and Se were the highest in base 3. The minimum data set for soil fertility quality evaluation included two indicators of Mn and B. Moreover,Mn had a higher loading value( 0. 998) in the first principal component,and B had a higher loading value( 0. 997) in the second principal component. Soil fertility quality comprehensive indexes from high to low were in the following order: base 2( 0. 75) > base 1(-0. 32) > base 3(-0.43). In order to improve soil fertility quality,the contents of AN,AP,TK,AK,B,Ti and Sr should be increased in base 1; p H should be properly improved in base 2; and contents of TN,Fe,Mn,Mo,Zn,Co and As should be increased in Base 3. These studying results provided theoretical data for soil nutrient management and soiltesting for formulated fertilization in Zanthoxylum planispinum var. Dngtanensis planting bases.
In order to investigate the soil fertility quality characteristics of Zanthoxylum planispinum var. Dingtanensis in different planting bases,this paper took 3 different planting bases( base 1 was wasteland,base 2 was reclaimed land,base 3 was farmland) of Zanthoxylum planispinum var. Dingtanensis in Beipanjiang Town,Zhenfeng County,Guizhou Province as study object,and measured 30 indicators including soil p H,AN and AP,etc.,then built up the minimum data set and evaluated the soil fertility quality. The results showed that TN,TP,AP,Mg,Fe,Al,Ni,Co,Pb,Cd and Cr were the highest in base 1; AN,TK,AK,Cl,Mn,B,Mo,Zn,Cu,As and Sr were the highest in base 2; p H,SOC,Ca,Si and Se were the highest in base 3. The minimum data set for soil fertility quality evaluation included two indicators of Mn and B. Moreover,Mn had a higher loading value( 0. 998) in the first principal component,and B had a higher loading value( 0. 997) in the second principal component. Soil fertility quality comprehensive indexes from high to low were in the following order: base 2( 0. 75) > base 1(-0. 32) > base 3(-0.43). In order to improve soil fertility quality,the contents of AN,AP,TK,AK,B,Ti and Sr should be increased in base 1; p H should be properly improved in base 2; and contents of TN,Fe,Mn,Mo,Zn,Co and As should be increased in Base 3. These studying results provided theoretical data for soil nutrient management and soiltesting for formulated fertilization in Zanthoxylum planispinum var. Dngtanensis planting bases.
引文
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[2]杨龙,熊康宁,肖时珍,等.花椒林在喀斯特石漠化治理中的碳汇效益[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(1):291-297.Yang L,Xiong K N,Xiao S Z,et al.. Carbon sequestration benefits of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum forest in karst rocky desertification treatment areas[J]. Bull. Soil Water Conserv.,2016,36(1):291-297.
[3]张强,魏钦平,刘惠平,等.苹果园土壤养分与果实品质关系的多元分析及优化方案[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(8):1654-1661.Zhang Q,Wei Q P,Liu H P,et al.. Multivariate analysis and optimum proposals of the relationship between soil nutrients and fruit qualities in apple orchard[J]. Sci. Agric. Sin.,2011,44(8):1654-1661.
[4]刘伟玮,刘某承,李文华,等.辽东山区林参复合经营土壤质量评价[J].生态学报,2017,37(8):2631-2641.Liu W W,Liu M C,Li W H,et al.. Soil quality assessment of a forest-ginseng agroforestry system in the mountainous region of eastern Liaoning province,Northeast China[J]. Acta Ecol.Sin.,2017,37(8):2631-2641.
[5]周玮,周运超.北盘江喀斯特峡谷区不同植被类型的土壤酶活性[J].林业科学,2010,46(1):136-141.Zhou W,Zhou Y C. Soil enzyme activities under different vegetation types in Beipanjiang River karst gorge district[J].Sci. Silvae Sin.,2010,46(1):136-141.
[6]卢怡,龙健,廖洪凯,等.喀斯特地区不同土地利用方式下土壤团聚体中养分和酶活性的研究——以花江为例[J].环境化学,2017,36(4):821-829.Lu Y,Long J,Liao H K,et al.. Distribution of nutrients and enzyme activities in soil aggreates of karst hills under different land use patterns[J]. Environ. Chem.,2017,36(4):821-829.
[7]鲍乾,梁建发,王棋,等.花江喀斯特石漠化区不同经济型植物的土壤蓄水特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,4(1):18-24.Bao Q,Liang J F,Wang Q,et al.. Characteristics of soil water storage under different eco-vegetation types in Huajiang karst rocky desertification[J]. Res. Soil Water Conserv.,2017,4(1):18-24.
[8]罗友进,魏朝富,李渝,等.土地利用对石漠化地区土壤团聚体有机碳分布及保护的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(1):257-266.Luo Y J,Wei C F,Li Y,et al.. Effects of land use on distribution and protection of organic carbon in soil aggregates in karst rocky desertification area[J]. Acta Ecol. Sin.,2011,31(1):257-266.
[9]张文娟,廖洪凯,龙健,等.种植花椒对喀斯特石漠化地区土壤有机碳矿化及活性有机碳的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(3):1053-1059.Zhang W J,Liao H K,Long J,et al.. Effects of Chinese prickly ash orchard on soil organic carbon mineralization and labile organic carbon in karst rocky desertification region of Guizhou province[J]. Environ. Sci.,2015,36(3):1053-1059.
[10]龙健,廖洪凯,李娟,等.基于冗余分析的典型喀斯特山区-石漠化关系研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):2131-2138.Long J,Liao H K,Li J,et al.. Relationships between soil and rocky desertification in typical karst mountain area based on redundancy analysis[J]. Environ. Sci.,2012,33(6):2131-2138.
[11]黄勇,杨忠芳.土壤质量评价国外研究进展[J].地质通报,2009,28(1):130-136.Huang Y,Yang Z F. Recent research progress of overseas soil quality evaluation[J]. Geol. Bull. China,2009,28(1):130-136.
[12]刘金山,胡承孝,孙学成,等.基于最小数据集和模糊数学法的水旱轮作区土壤肥力质量评价[J].土壤通报,2012,43(5):1145-1150.Liu J S,Hu C X,Sun X C,et al.. Evaluation of soil fertility quality with a minimum data set and fuzzy logic in the paddyupland rotation region of Hubei province[J]. Chin. J. Soil Sci.,2012,43(5):1145-1150.
[13]Larson W E,Pierce F J. Conservation and enhancement of soil quality[A]. In:Proceedings of the International Workshop on Evaluation for Sustainable Land Management[C]. Thailand,Chiang Rai,1991.
[14]贡璐,张雪妮,冉启洋.基于最小数据集的塔里木河上游绿洲土壤质量评价[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):682-689.Gong L,Zhang X N,Ran Q Y. Quality assessment of oasis soil in the upper reaches of Tarim river based on minimum data set[J]. Acta Pedol. Sin.,2015,52(3):682-689.
[15]Duval M E,Galantini J A,Martinez J M,et al.. Sensitivity of different soil quality indicators to assess sustainable land management:Influence of site features and seasonality[J].Soil Tillage Res.,2016,159:9-22.
[16]Cheng J J,Ding C F,Li X G,et al.. Soil quality evaluation for navel orange production systems in central subtropical China[J]. Soil Tillage Res.,2016,155:225-232.
[17]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].第三版.北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[18]国土资源部. DZ/T0167-2006区域地球化学勘查规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[19]国土资源部. DZ/T0258-2014区域地球化学调查规范(1:250000)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[20]邓绍欢,曾令涛,关强,等.基于最小数据集的南方地区冷浸田土壤质量评价[J].土壤学报,2016,53(5):1326-1333.Deng S H,Zeng L T,Guang Q,et al.. Minimum dataset-based soil quality assessment of waterlogged paddy field in south China[J]. Acta Pedol. Sin.,2016,53(5):1326-1333.
[21]贡璐,张海峰,吕光辉,等.塔里木河上游典型绿洲不同连作年限棉田土壤质量评价[J].生态学报,2011,31(14):4136-4143.Gong L,Zhang H F,Lyu G H,et al.. Soil quality assessment of continuous cropping cotton fields for different years in a typical oasis in the upper reaches of the Tarim river[J]. Acta Ecol. Sin.,2011,31(14):4136-4143.
[22]王飞,李清华,林诚,等.福建冷浸田土壤质量评价因子的最小数据集[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1461-1468.Wang F,Li Q H,Lin C,et al.. Establishing a minimum data set of soil quality assessment for cold-waterlogged paddy field in Fujian province,China[J]. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol.,2015,26(5):1461-1468.
[23]靳振江,程亚平,李强,等.会仙喀斯特溶洞湿地、稻田和旱田土壤有机碳含量及其与养分的关系[J].湿地科学,2014,12(4):485-490.Jin Z J,Cheng Y P,Li Q,et al.. Content of soil organic carbon and its relationship with nutrients in karst cave wetlands,paddy fields and dry farmlands in Huixian[J].Wetland Sci.,2014,12(4):485-490.
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