三元复合驱CaCO_3/SiO_2混合垢结垢行为研究
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摘要
三元复合驱技术应用过程中存在的结垢问题会使管道截面积变小,能耗增加,影响油田的正常生产。目前关于结垢问题的研究多针对单一垢展开,而三元复合驱油体系下的结垢产物主要为CaCO_3垢和SiO_2垢的混合垢。通过查阅国内外相关文献,总结了CaCO_3垢和SiO_2垢各自的成垢过程,研究了沉淀过程中CaCO_3与SiO_2之间的相互作用。研究表明,这种混合垢形成过程是涉及离子成垢与胶体成垢的复杂结垢过程,SiO_2垢通过吸附在CaCO_3垢表面共同沉淀析出,混合垢形貌多以球形为主,吸附的多聚物SiO_2抑制了CaCO_3向方解石的转化。由于混合垢的研究尚处于初始阶段,未来仍须对CaCO_3与SiO_2间的协同作用机制,温度和pH值等因素对混合垢沉淀过程的影响,混合垢的防垢技术及相关除垢剂的研究等问题做进一步研究。
The occurrence of scaling problem during the application of ASP flooding reduces the cross-sectional area of the pipeline and increases the energy consumption,which will affect the normal production of oilfield. At present, the research on the scaling problem is mostly directed to the single scale,while in the ASP flooding system,the main scale is the mixed scale of CaCO_3 and SiO_2. By consulting relevant literature at home and abroad,the scale formation process of CaCO_3 and SiO_2 is summarized,and the interaction between CaCO_3 and SiO_2 during the precipitation process is studied. The research shows that the mixed scale scaling process is a complex scaling process involving ionic scaling and colloidal scaling. SiO_2 scale is co-precipitated out by adsorbing on the surface of CaCO_3. The morphology of the mixed scale is mostly spherical, and the adsorbed polymer SiO_2 inhibits the conversion of CaCO_3 to calcite. As the research of mixed scale is still in the initial stage,further research is needed on the synergistic mechanism between CaCO_3 and SiO_2, the influence of temperature and pH on the mixed scale precipitation process, the anti-scaling technology of mixed scale and the related descaling agent.
The occurrence of scaling problem during the application of ASP flooding reduces the cross-sectional area of the pipeline and increases the energy consumption,which will affect the normal production of oilfield. At present, the research on the scaling problem is mostly directed to the single scale,while in the ASP flooding system,the main scale is the mixed scale of CaCO_3 and SiO_2. By consulting relevant literature at home and abroad,the scale formation process of CaCO_3 and SiO_2 is summarized,and the interaction between CaCO_3 and SiO_2 during the precipitation process is studied. The research shows that the mixed scale scaling process is a complex scaling process involving ionic scaling and colloidal scaling. SiO_2 scale is co-precipitated out by adsorbing on the surface of CaCO_3. The morphology of the mixed scale is mostly spherical, and the adsorbed polymer SiO_2 inhibits the conversion of CaCO_3 to calcite. As the research of mixed scale is still in the initial stage,further research is needed on the synergistic mechanism between CaCO_3 and SiO_2, the influence of temperature and pH on the mixed scale precipitation process, the anti-scaling technology of mixed scale and the related descaling agent.
引文
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[18] WANG Jun, LU Yue, WANG Xin, et al. Synthesis of peanut-like calcium carbonate intermediates in silica system containing partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and heavy alkyl-benzene sulfonate[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2017(522):242-249.
[19]沈微.油田三元复合驱结垢样品形貌及结晶形态研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2012.SHEN Wei. Morphology and crystal morphology of scale formation in oilfield ternary combination flooding[D].Changcun:Jilin University,2012.
[20]姜欣欣.碳酸钙结晶动力学研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(6):89-92.JIANG Xin xin.Crystallization kinetics of calcium carbonate[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2015,30(6):89-92.
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[22] KELLERMEIER M,GEBAUER D,Colloidal stabilization of calcium carbonate prenucleation clusters with silica[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2012(22):4301-4311.
[23] KITANO Y,OKUMURA M,IDOGAKI M,et al.Behavior of dissolved silica in parent solution at the formation of calcium carbonate[J]. Geochemical Journal, 1979(13):253-260.
[24] BAI S,NAREN G,NAKANO M,et al.Effect of polysilicic acid on the precipitation of calcium carbonate[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2014(445):54-58.
[25] LAKSHTANOV L Z, STIPP S L S. Interaction between dissolved silica and calcium carbonate:1. Spontaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate in the presence of dissolved silica[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2010(74):2655-2664.
[26] PINA C M, MERKEL C, JORDAN G. On the bimodal effects of silicic acids on calcite growth[J]. Crystal Growth and Design,2009(9):4084-4090.
[27] KELLERMEIER M, GLAAB F, KLEIN R, et al. The effect of silica on polymorphic precipitation of calcium carbonate:an online energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction(EDXRD)study[J].Nanoscale,2013(5):7054-7065.
[2]张学佳,纪巍,康志军,等.三元复合驱采油技术进展[J].杭州化工,2009,39(2):5-8.ZHANG Xuejia, JI Wei, KANG Zhijun, et al. Development of ternary combination flooding oil recovery technology[J].Hangzhou Chemical Industry,2009,39(2):5-8.
[3]胡淑琼,卢祥国,苏延昌,等.碱、表面活性剂和聚合物对储层溶蚀作用及其机理研究[J].油田化学,2013,30(3):425-429.HU Shuqiong, LU Xiangguo, SU Yanchang, et al. Study on corrosion and mechanism of alkali,surfa-ctant and polymer on reservoir[J]. Oilfield Chemistry, 2013, 30(3):425-429.
[4]何金钢,杨晶,宋考平,等.强碱三元复合驱结垢现象[J].石油化工高等学校学报,2014,27(5):72-79.HE Jingang, YANG Jing, SONG Kaoping, et al. Strong alkali ternary combination flooding[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2014,27(5):72-79.
[5]刘剑钊.结垢机理及阻垢性能测试研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2011.LIU Jianzhao.Research on fouling mechanism and scale inhibition performance test[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2011.
[6] SOFIA J, GEIRGUA D A, VARVARA S, et al. Experimental investigation of calcium carbonate precipitation and crystal growth in one-and two-dimensional porous media[J].Crystal Growth&Design,2016,16(1):359-370.
[7]吴海铭.三元复合驱碳酸盐结垢动力学及形貌学研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2014.WU Haiming. Kinetics and morphology of carbonate scaling in ternary combination flooding[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2014.
[8]刘振,王丽玲.环道实验研究碳酸钙结垢规律[J].当代化工,2014,43(7):1181-1184.LIU Zhen, Wang Liling. Experimental study on scale formation of calcium carbonate by loop experiment[J].Contemporary Chemical Industry,2014,43(7):1181-1184.
[9]李萍,程祖锋,王贤君,等.三元复合驱油井中硅垢的形成机理及预测模型[J].石油学报,2003(5):63-66.LI Ping,CHENG Zufeng,WANG Xianjun,et al.Formation mechanism and prediction model of silicon scale in ternary combination flooding wells[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003(5):63-66.
[10]张玲玲,穆浩荣,纪兆圻,等.EDTA对硅垢形成过程的影响机理[J].硅酸盐通报,2016,35(1):237-243.ZHANG Lingling,MU Haorong,JI Zhaoqi,et al.Mechanism of EDTA on the formation of silica scale[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2016,35(1):237-243.
[11] UMAR A,SAAID I.Silicate scales formation during ASP flooding:A review[J]. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 2013, 6(9):1543-1555.
[12]刘宇,王宝辉.油田硅垢生成及控制技术研究进展[J].化学工程师,2015,29(10):40-43.LIU Yu,WANG Baohui.Research progress on generation and control technology of silica scale in oilfield[J].Chemical Engineer,2015,29(10):40-43.
[13]陈园园,王宝辉,隋欣.三元复合驱硅酸盐垢的影响因素及结垢机理研究[J].油田化学, 2010, 27(4):449-452.CHEN Yuanyuan, WANG Baohui, SUI Xin, et al. Influencing factors and scaling mechanism of ternary combination flooding silicate scale[J]. Oilfield Chemistry,2010,27(4):449-452.
[14]高清河,钱慧娟,侯志峰,等.三元复合驱钙镁硅钡成垢特征研究[J].油田化学,2012,29(1):94-97.GAO Qinghe, QIAN Huijuan, HOU Zhifeng, et al.Study on scale characteristics of ternary combination flooding calcium magnesium silicon germanium[J]. Oilfield Chemistry,2012,29(1):94-97.
[15]赵晓非,张晓阳,范蕾,等.弱碱三元复合驱钙镁硅混合成垢的微观考察[J].硅酸盐通报, 2016, 35(7):2264-2269.ZHAO Xiaofei,ZHANG Xiaoyang,FAN Lei,et al.Microscopic investigation of mixed scale formation of calcium, magnesium and silicon by weak alkali ternary combination flooding[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2016,35(7):2264-2269.
[16]隋欣.三元复合驱硅垢形成规律与主要控制因素研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院,2006.SUI Xin. Study on formation regularity and main control factors of silica scale in ternary combination flooding[D].Daqing:Daqing Petroleum Institute,2006.
[17]王艳玲.三元复合驱油体系对CaCO3/SiO2混合垢形成过程的影响[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2016.WANG Yanling. Effect of ternary composite flooding system on the formation of CaCO3/SiO2mixed scale[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2016.
[18] WANG Jun, LU Yue, WANG Xin, et al. Synthesis of peanut-like calcium carbonate intermediates in silica system containing partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and heavy alkyl-benzene sulfonate[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2017(522):242-249.
[19]沈微.油田三元复合驱结垢样品形貌及结晶形态研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2012.SHEN Wei. Morphology and crystal morphology of scale formation in oilfield ternary combination flooding[D].Changcun:Jilin University,2012.
[20]姜欣欣.碳酸钙结晶动力学研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(6):89-92.JIANG Xin xin.Crystallization kinetics of calcium carbonate[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2015,30(6):89-92.
[21] KELLERMEIER M, MELERO-GARCIA E, GLAAB F,et al. Stabilization of amorphous calcium carbonate in inorganic silica-rich environments[J]. Journal of the Amercian Chemical Socity,2010,132(50):17859-17866.
[22] KELLERMEIER M,GEBAUER D,Colloidal stabilization of calcium carbonate prenucleation clusters with silica[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2012(22):4301-4311.
[23] KITANO Y,OKUMURA M,IDOGAKI M,et al.Behavior of dissolved silica in parent solution at the formation of calcium carbonate[J]. Geochemical Journal, 1979(13):253-260.
[24] BAI S,NAREN G,NAKANO M,et al.Effect of polysilicic acid on the precipitation of calcium carbonate[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2014(445):54-58.
[25] LAKSHTANOV L Z, STIPP S L S. Interaction between dissolved silica and calcium carbonate:1. Spontaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate in the presence of dissolved silica[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2010(74):2655-2664.
[26] PINA C M, MERKEL C, JORDAN G. On the bimodal effects of silicic acids on calcite growth[J]. Crystal Growth and Design,2009(9):4084-4090.
[27] KELLERMEIER M, GLAAB F, KLEIN R, et al. The effect of silica on polymorphic precipitation of calcium carbonate:an online energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction(EDXRD)study[J].Nanoscale,2013(5):7054-7065.
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