叠后地震反演面临的问题与进展

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英文篇名：Problems and progress in post-stack seismic inversion 作者：贾凌霄 ; 王彦春 ; 菅笑飞 ; 吕鹏 ; 田黔宁 ; 谢玮 英文作者：JIA Ling-xiao ; WANG Yan-chun ; JIAN Xiao-fei ; LYU Peng ; TIAN Qian-ning ; XIE Wei ; Geoscience Documentation Center ; China Geological Survey ; National Geological Library of China ; School of Geophysics and Information Technology ; China University of Geoscience ; Huaneng International Power Development CO. 关键词：叠后地震反演 ; 地震频带 ; 子波 ; 地质层位 ; 井信息 ; 低频分量 ; 高频分量 ; 多解性 英文关键词：post-stack seismic inversion ; seismic frequency bandwidth ; wavelet ; horizon ; well information ; low frequency component ; high frequency component ; ambiguity 刊名：地球物理学进展 英文刊名：Progress in Geophysics 出版日期：2016-10-15 出版单位：地球物理学进展 机构：中国地质调查局地学文献中心;中国地质图书馆;中国地质大学( 北京) 地球物理与信息技术学院;华能国际电力开发公司; 年：2016 期：05 基金：中国地质调查“地学情报综合研究与产品研发”(121201015000150002)项目和子项目“地学情报动态跟踪及基础信息建设”联合资助 CN：11-2982/P ISSN：1004-2903 页：226-233 页数：8 分类号：P631.44 语种：中文; 文件大小：890K

摘要

叠后地震反演技术自提出以来,在储层预测和评价、油藏特征描述等方面得到了广泛的应用.叠后地震反演可以相对快速地将地震波形信息转换为具有地质意义的波阻抗等信息,指导储层的识别与刻画.因此叠后地震反演技术在油气勘探中发挥了十分重要的作用.本文首先就叠后地震反演技术的起源、分类做了简要介绍;然后对影响反演结果的因素进行了归纳,总结出叠后地震反演结果主要受地震频带宽度、子波、地质层位和井信息这4种因素的影响,并系统梳理总结了每种影响因素在叠后地震反演中发挥的作用和目前在优化反演结果中所用的方法和技术;接着分析了反演过程中构建的低频和高频分量是造成叠后地震反演多解性的主要原因,介绍了相关研究成果;最后点明了现阶段叠后地震反演技术存在的问题并展望了其发展趋势.
        Post-stack seismic inversion has been widely used in the reservoir prediction and evaluation,reservoir characterization since it was invented. Post-stack can relatively quickly transform seismic waveform information to geological information such as impedance,which can guide the identification and characterization of reservoirs.So post-stack seismic inversion plays a significant role in the oil and gas exploration. This paper firstly concisely introduces the origin and classification of post-stack seismic inversion; then sums up the influential factors of the inversion results,summarizes the post-stack seismic inversion results mainly influenced by seismic frequency band width, the wavelet, horizons and well information, and summarizes the effects caused by these factors in post-stack seismic inversion and the method and technology used to optimize the inversion results in recent years; the paper also analyzes the main reasons of the ambiguity in inversion are the low frequency component and the high frequency component needed in the inversion process and introduce the related research achievements;finally pointing out the current problems exiting in post-stack seismic inversion,which include: 1 the effects of noise is not considered in the convolution formula model,2 the generalized elastic impedance has not been wildly used in the practice,3ambiguity problems in the process of building high frequency model components has not been solved,4the nonlinear inversion methods currently has not wildly applied in actual large-scale productions; in addition,the paper prospects the development trend of post-stack seismic inversion.

引文

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