摘要
On the basis of major factors controlling the fracture and the cases studied,the structural fractures developed and distributed in carbonate rocks are discussed from seven view points including lithology,rock bed thickness,weathering,faulting,folding,regional stress field and the modification by hydrothermal fluid.The conception models are proposed according to the different factors controlling the fracture development.The coarser carbonate rocks are easier in developing fractures than the finer ones,the thinner rocks are easier to develop fractures than the thicker ones.The top of the weathering crust are easier in developing fractures than its lower part.The fault regions are easier to develop fractures than those farther from the faults.The hinge of a fold is easier in developing fractures than the limb of the fold.The stress-concentrated areas are more easily to develop fractures than others.The fractures modified by hydrothermal solution can be divided into two types:hydraulic fractures and post-filling fractures.