On the basis of field investigation and previous research, the authors comprehensively analyzed the tectonic background, seismic activity and hydrogeology condition of the Yangtoupu reservoir. Then the authors discussed the probability of the earthquake induced by Yangtoupu reservoir using structural-analogy method and probabilistic statistic method. The results show that there is possibility for the southern region of the Yangtoupu reservoir to induce earthquake and the probability of reservoir induced earthquake from M1.0 to M3.0 is about 0. 19. The biggest magnitude of the induced earthquake is about M3.0. The northern region of it has little possibility to induce M1.0 earthquake and the probability is only 0.03.