A compression fossil reported as Quercus sect. Heterobalanus was collected from the Pliocene Yangyi Formation at the Yangyi coal-mine of Baoshan, Yunnan Province, and is identified in this study as Quercus presenescens Z.K. Zhou based on morphological and cuticular characters. The typical morphological characters of the fossil are zigzag primary vein, oblong leaf blade and revolute leaf margin; these features are characteristic of Q.presenescens, but different from those of Quercus sect. Heterobalanus. The specimen shows closer affinities with the living species Q. senescens based on a detailed comparison of leaf architecture with living species of Quercus sect. Heterobalanus.