Element characteristics of coal gangue have important constraints on the ways of its comprehensive utilization. Guizhou province is one of the important coal-producing areas in China, where coals are distributed mainly in the Liupanshui, Bijie and Zunyi cities. ICP-MS, XRD and XRF were used to analyze the mineralogy and element geochemistry of coal gangue, in order to indicate the ways of its comprehensive utilization. The results show that the coal gangue is composed of Si-bearing minerals (quartz and clay) and metallic minerals (pyrite and anatase). Based on the comprehensive analysis, it is found that the contents of rare metals have close correlation with that of anatase in coal gangue, indicating that these elements can be comprehensive used through separate and enrich anatase from the coal gangue.