Layer thickness is fairly important for the development of structural fractures in carbonate strata. According to statistical analysis, of the profile measuring results of Dawangou, Qingsong and Penglaiba of Keping, Xinjiang, the surface densities of structural fractures in carbonate strata is negatively correlated to layer thicknesses. The thicker the layer is, the smaller the fracture density is. Structural fractures in carbonate strata own good fractal characteristics. Statistics shows that there is a negative correlation between fracture fractal dimension and layer thickness. Fracture fractal dimension becomes bigger when layer thickness gets smaller, which indicates a better fracture development. Certain linkage exists between fractal dimension and density of fractures, which can together quantitatively describe development level of fractures.