Based on the survey of the Jiangzui valley, including its geological background, material factors of forming region, characteristics of circulation area, and structural characteristics and composition features of pile area, this paper systematically analyzes the debris flow dynamics feature, soil mass and the risk. The research shows that in the comprehensive influence of fracture zone, lithology, rock mass structure, neotectonics, terrain and human engineering activities of Guada valley fault and Changchang fault,