In this paper, a modified BCR sequential extraction procedure was used to obtain the speciation fractionation of 17 heavy metals in the soil sampled in the city area of Quanzhou. And the potential ecological risk of heavy metals was evaluated by the methods of geo-accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index and ratio of secondary phase to primary(RSP).The results showed that Li, Ti, Fe, Sc, V, As, Sb, Sn mainly existed in the form of residual fractions, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Bi were present at comparatively higher percentages in the oxidizing fractions, but residual fractions were still their main existing form. Mn, Cd, Co occurred at comparatively higher percentages in the reductive fractions and residual fractions, and Pb was mainly found in the reductive fractions.