Based on the agro-ecological geochemical survey of east Shandong Province, the differences of geochemical background values and baselines of 54 elements or indicators in soil between the study region and China were studied. Most of the elements or indicators of the surface soil were inherited from the parent material, with limited human influences. Meanwhile, obvious changes were found in the distributions of Zn, Pb, Cu, Se, Cd, S, P, Hg, N, OrgC, etc in surface soil, which may be attributed to the hypergenesis or human activities. The assessment and identification method on the enrichment of heavy metals in soil caused by human activities were discussed.