In order to solve the problems of preserving the characteristics of geological boundary and fault when attenuating the seismic data noise and according to the multi-scale characteristics of seismic data noise, the features of existing nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filtering model are analyzed. The anisotropic diffusion filtering model which can preserve the edge characteristics and attenuating the seismic data noise is built. Numerical calculation and the application of actual data show that the improved anisotropic diffusion filtering model can self-adaptively and effectively attenuating noise, which can provide a good basic data for seismic data interpretation, analysis and attribute extraction.