The paper deals with Huashan-Xiongershan sub-mantle plume branch system. Xiaoqingling, Xiaoshan, Xiongershan and Lushan mantle branches and so on occur in the system. The branches are discussed in respect of their formation, evolution and relation to metallogeny. The conclusion is that there are two important metallogenetic series: Au-Ag-Mo-polymetallic deposit and Mo-W-Fe-Au-polymetallic deposit series. Although various hydrothermal deposits occur in the study area, such as quartz vein, altered catclastic rock and porphyry types they are all controlled by the mantle branches.