Compared with the steel drill rod, the aluminum alloy drill rod has a higher specific strength, lower stiffness and better corrosion-resistance performance. Thus it can enhance the ability of existing drilling equipment, reduce power consumption, and lower the labor intensity during drilling operation. The study of the aluminum alloy drill rod has a great practical significance for improving geological drilling efficiency and promoting drilling technological progress for geological survey. This paper presents the key technology of 7E04 aluminum alloy rod, design of its structure and experimental studies on its thermal processing, basic mechanical properties and corrosion characteristics. The results show that in a certain condition of thermal processing, the yield strength of this rod can be up to 585 MPa, and its tensile strength can reach 645 MPa. And it has a higher corrosion resistance in the environment similar to the saline water-like mud.