Using trend surface method, this paper discusses spatial process of the Neolithic Site i.e., Daxi culture (6.3~5.0 ka B.P.), Qujialing culture (5.0~4.6 ka B.P.) and Shijiahe culture (4.6~4.0 ka B.P.) in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjaing Rvier. This research found that the spatial evolution of the Neolithic culture was divided into two stages: 1) Qujialing sites were diffused towards upstream along the Hanjiang River and the Yunshui River; and 2) Shijiahe Cultural sites were instead of shrink in the zone of Danjiang-Zaoyang-Yunshui belt. Therefore, this paper suggested the spatial-temporal distribution of sites is mainly controlled by paleo-floods and lake-expanding, meanwhile social factors e.g., agricultural style and cultural integration also play important roles.