The pollen-based vegetation type and the provenance of terrestrial plant remnants since the last glacial period retrieved from the Northern South China Sea (SCS) have been controversial. Organic carbon records such as n-alkanes ratios stable carbon isotopic compositions of n-alkanes (δ13Calk) and total organic carbon (δ13CTOC) in the sediments from core MD05-2905 ( 20°08.17’N117°21.61’E 1 647 m water depth) which located on the continental slope of the Northern SCS may supply new evidence for changes in terrestrial vegetations. Comparison between carbon isotopic compositions and pollen data from adjacent cores in Northern SCS at LGM indicated that plant remains in the core were not only from the continental shelf dominated by C3 grass Artemisia but also from southeast mainland and Taiwan island that were characterized by abundant C4 flora. Alkanes records from core MD05-2905 can recover the regional vegetation changes around the Northern South China Sea.