In this paper, the authors review the history of research on Raman spectroscopy of fluid inclusions, introduce the theory and method of Raman spectroscopy of fluid inclusions, mainly discuss the problems and point out the future trends of this technique. The data of fluid inclusions analyzed by Raman spectroscopy are affected by samples, fluorescence, isotopes, photochemistry reaction, weak signal of water-solubility matter, water vapour and hydrates, and daughter minerals.