Based on geochemical mapping of stream sediments in whole China, the authors studied content characteristics of 39 kinds of elements or oxides in more than 30 important producing areas of genuine Chinese herbal medicines. The results show that soils in different producing areas of Chinese herbal medicines are different very obviously in chemical composition, and the pharmacological nature is closely related to the geochemical background of the producing area: the nearer the producing areas, the closer their geological and geochemical characteristics, and the more similar their medicine properties.