Syndepositional structure has close relationship with the development of source depression, distribution of reservoir facies belt and trap formation. So the syndepositional structure research has important theoretical and practical significance. The research of syndepositional structure about its geometry, kinematics, main research methods and controlling factors has been comprehensively reviewed. The typical feature of syndepositional structure in China is introduced in this article. The main research methods of growth fault we use are growth index, fall analysis, vertical fault distance method, extensional amount, detachment depth of shovel-like fault, etc. On the basis of the study of above syndepositional structure, the author proposed important research directions in the future including classification and mechanism of the slope break belt, controlling factors on the growth of syndepositional structure, differences of reverse structure and oil and gas geological application of syndepositional structure.