An introduction is made to the domestic practices, advantages, principles and methods in applying fuzzy mathematics to water quality assessment. Then the groundwater in Deyang is evaluated through a fuzzy math study of the twenty samples collected there. As a result, 15%, 45%, 10% and 30% of the groundwater in the area is identified as Grade B, C, D and E respectively, without Grade A. The major causes of water pollution in the area are industrial discharge, domestic waste, and excessive original iron and manganese.