The Lower Carboniferous Arksake Formation in the Wenquan area of Xinjiang is a set of neritic facies clastic rock and carbonate formation, dominated in fine clastic rock, bearing abundant fossil. The survey of basic strata sequence of the formation indicate that the formation had various characteristics of lithology and lithofacies in different period of evolution and development, in generally it has a feature of slow sedimentary. From low to up the sedimentary environment changed from neritic shelf, tidal flat facies, coastal facies to delta facies, which coincided with regional basin evolution in late period of Early Carboniferous.