The Shuangkoushan area of Dachaidan in Qinghai Province is one of arid desert and gobi landscape areas. Mainly relying on the project “Qinghai Luliangshan-Shuangkoushan Mining Vision Survey”, the authors carried out the effective method tests about theoptimum sampling grain size and sampling density to regional geochemical in arid desert and gobi landscape area. Through field sampling, laboratory analysis and data processing, the authors determined the sampling methods of 1∶50 000 stream sediment survey for this special landscape area. The reasonable sampling density is 6~8 samples per square kilometer, and the reasonable sampling grain size is -20~+60 mesh.