Spore-pollen assemblage and compositions of organic matter revealed that organic matter of Tertiary marine source rocks in the northern South China Sea mainly originated from terrestrial higher plants, and the formation of such source rocks was closely related with depositional environments favorable to the living of terrestrial higher plants, such as fluvial-delta, costal plain, etc.. The study indicated that the marine source rock in the Zhuhai Formation contributed obviously to oils found in the deep-water area of the Baiyun Depression of the Pearl River Mouth Basin. Marine source rocks were probably the major source rock for adjacent basins or depressions of the deep-water area in the northern South China Sea.